Topiramate in the Adjunctive Treatment of Tourette Syndrome: A Case Report

Tourette Syndrome (TS) is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic. In many of the cases, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a frequent comorbid disorder. Many treatment options have been suggested for TS and ADHD comorbidity. In this article, we present a case diagnosed with TS and ADHD whose tics were refractory to many other suggested treatment options for Tic Disorders (TD) and worsened during the use of recommended first-line treatment agents for ADHD, that were significantly reduced by using topiramate. New therapeutic options that would be easily used and with less side effects are needed in the treatment of TD. Topiramate treatment seems like an appropriate option raising hope for the future to be used as monotherapy or in adjuvant treatment for TD. Larger trials with longer follow up are required in this field

Preschool bipolar disorder: three cases and their follow-up

Objective: Three preschool mania cases were presented discussing clinical phenomenology and treatment with relevant literature

Diagnosing an 11-Year-Old Girl with Narcolepsy in a Child Psychiatry Unit: A Case Presentation

Narcolepsy is a chronic disorder that might cause severe morbidity and functional deterioration with a wide range of complicated symptoms and without any clearly identified etiology. The condition is even more difficult to diagnose in children as clinical picture and clusters of symptoms that vary extremely. With this report, we aimed to present, and discuss an 11-year-old case diagnosed with narcolepsy in a child psychiatry unit along with relevant literature. Psychiatric assessment of the case that applied to our child psychiatry unit was carried out by using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) criteria. Detailed clinical examination, neurological tests and imaging modalities as well as polysomnography were performed. The case was diagnosed,and followed up as having narcolepsy after completion of processes of evaluation, and differential diagnosis. She demonstrated clinical improvement with a combined treatment regimen of methylphenydate-OROS and behavioral therapy for sleep pattern and hygiene. She is still being followed up in our unit. Since narcolepsy is a rarely seen condition encountered in child psychiatry settings and symptoms might mimic other neurological and psychiatric conditions, its earlier recognition is a remote possibility. Therefore, we believe that we, as child psychiatrists, need to bear this disorder in our minds for differential diagnosis. Since current treatment options mainly target visible symptoms, developing novel treatment strategies directed towards underlying etiology will carry importance. In that sense, we believe that increasing the number of case studies and clinical researches in this understudied field of child psychiatry shall contribute greatly to more improved understanding of the disorder

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of DSM-5 Level 2 Repetitive Thoughts and Behaviors Scale-Child Form

Objective: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of DSM-5 Level 2 Repetitive Thoughts and Behaviors Scale-Child Form. Methods: The scale was prepared by carrying out the translation and back translation of DSM-5 Level 2 Repetitive Thoughts and Behaviors Scale -Child Form. Study group consisted of 37 patients that have been treated in a child psychiatry unit and diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 32 healthy volunteers that were attending middle or high school during the study period. For reliability analyses, internal consistency coefficient and item-total score correlation analysis and for validity analyses, explanatory factor analysis was made and the discriminative quality of the scale regarding community and clinical samples were shown with ROC Curve. Results: Regarding reliability analyses, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.910 while item-total score correlation coefficients were measured between 0.674 and 0.878. Test-retest correlation coefficient was calculated as r=0.928. As for construct validity, a factor that could explain 73.5% of the variance was obtained. In ROC analysis, area under ROC curve was calculated as 0.956. Conclusion: It was concluded that Turkish version of DSM-5 Level 2 Repetitive Thoughts and Behaviors Scale-Child Form could be utilized as a valid and reliable tool both in clinical practice and for research purposes

Diagnostic and treatment process in a 12-year old adolescent with Kleine-Levin Syndrome: a case presentation

Kleine-Levin Syndrome (KLS) is a rare and frequently misdiagnosed disorder with typical onset at adolescence and a male dominance that is presented with hypersomnia, hyperphagia, dysinhibitated behavior and perceptive abnormalities. Even though increasing number of researches have been conducted to shed a light on its etiology, no clear underlying mechanism have yet been identified. Similar to relatively small information about etiology of the disorder, no specific treatment technique has been identified to successfully eliminate the phenomenon; however treatment options that target symptom relief and decline in frequency of episodes have been present. This case report aimed to present the clinical course of a 12 year old adolescent with KLS who was successfully treated with a combination of carbamazepine and short-acting methylphenidate that was used during episodes, along with discussion of relevant literature

Behavioral characteristics of children with type-1 diabetes and the effect of family attitudes on dietary adherence problems

Objective: Assessing the behavioral characteristics and family attitudes of children and adolescents in diabetes is linked to determining the reasons for difficulties in dietary adherence. Our aim was to assess the relationship between behavioral characteristics, family attitudes in children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and the dietary adherence and glycemic control

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale for children aged 11-17 years

Background/aim: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale - Child Form

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of DSM-5 Depression Severity Scale-Child Form

Objective: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of DSM-5 Depression Severity Scale-Child Form. Methods: The scale was prepared by carrying out the translation and back-translation of DSM-5 Depression Severity Scale-Child Form. Study group consisted of 46 patients that have been treated in a child psychiatry unit and diagnosed with depressive disorder and 135 healthy volunteers that were attending middle or high school during the study period. For the assessment, Child Depression Inventory (CDI) was used along with DSM-5 Depression Severity Scale-Child Form. Results: Regarding reliability analyses, Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated as 0.911 while item-total score correlation coefficients were measured between 0.579 and 0.801. As for construct validity, a factor that could explain 59.2% of the variance was obtained and was consistent with the original structure of the scale. In the concurrent validity analysis, the scale showed a high correlation with Child Depression Inventory with a correlation coefficient value measured as r=0.847. Conclusion: It was concluded that Turkish version of DSM-5 Depression Severity Scale-Child Form could be utilized as a valid and reliable tool both in clinical practice and for research purposes

Validity and reliability of DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Scale Turkish Version (Child Form for 11-17 Years and Parent Form for 6-17 Years)

Objective: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Scale's child and parent forms. Methods: The scale was prepared by carrying out the translation and back translation of DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Scale's Child and Parent Forms. Study group consisted of community and clinical samples. The scale was applied to 244 parents and 320 adolescents that represented the clinical and community sample. For the assessment, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) was used along with Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Scale. For reliability analyses, internal consistency coefficient and item-total score correlation analysis, test-retest factor analysis, interrater reliability and as for validity analyses; exploratory factor analysis and correlation analysis with Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for concurrent validity were carried out. Results: Cronbach's alpha values for DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Scale's Child Form was 0.893 while 0.90 for parent form. Correlation coefficient of DSM 5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Scale as a result of its correlation with Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire was 0.698 for child form and 0.706 for parent form which was statistically significant. Correlation coefficient in test-retest application was r=0.965 for child form and r=0.919 for parent form. As for construct validity, six factors were maintained that would explain 59.3% of the variance in child form. In the parent form, five factors were maintained that would explain 60.3% of the total variance. Conclusion: It was seen that Turkish version of DSM-5 Level 1 Cross-Cutting Symptom Scale could be used as a valid and reliable tool both in clinical practice and for research purposes

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale for children aged 11–17 years

Background/aim: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the DSM-5 Generalized Anxiety Disorder Severity Scale - Child Form