COVID-19 vaccine equity for the Global South: Vaccination challenges and opportunities for small and poor countries

The effects of COVID-19 have significantly interrupted countries and the social order across the globe. However, the developing countries which could not manufacture or even buy the most wanted commodity: COVID-19 Vaccine, looked on as the situation got worse even in the wealthy nations. Diplomacy seems a ray of hope among developing countries as wealthy nations have used almost all the vaccines themselves. The goal of this study was to critically analyze the challenges and opportunities around the COVID-19 pandemic, especially vaccine distribution and access, and the role of diplomacy in this process in selected countries in Africa. We used the narrative literature review approach. We examined the cases of Uganda, Ghana, and South Africa on the COVID-19 vaccine distribution. We found minimal accessibility and affordability of vaccines in developing nations. African and other developing countries have since depended on vaccine donations. Affordability makes it challenging for wealthy countries to lend a hand while ensuring their population and market needs are catered for. We propose that nationals in the Global South must strengthen their diplomatic systems and negotiation skills with wealthy countries while reinforcing public health systems. Developing countries must build alliances to engage with high-income countries as equal partners.O

Do External Debt and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Inflow support Economic Growth? Evidence from Ghana

The purpose of the article/hypothesis: The prime objective of this study is to discover whether external debt and foreign direct investment promote economic development. The paper investigates whether external debt and foreign direct investment inflows stimulate economic growth, intending to determine the causal relationship between the variables to serve as a substantial factor for policymakers. Methodology: Numerous econometrics techniques were employed to ensure the findings' effectiveness and accuracy, including the stationarity test, Johansen cointegration test, and multiple regression (ordinary least squares). The hypothesis test that external debt and foreign direct investment inflows do not attain their justification of ensuring economic growth was conducted empirically. Results of the research: The outcome revealed that external debt and foreign direct investment positively and significantly support Ghana's economic growth. This leads to the conclusion that these variables fulfilled their purpose

Inclusive workplace, social mobility and logistics

Background: This study practices the priorities of the World Economic Forum, Global Social Mobility Pillars 10th for the inclusive institutions. Global logistics discussed with accessibility needs in theoretical frameworks of Global Social Mobility Index (rankings for 2020 Turkey 64th, and Poland 30th). It is stated with sociological, technological, and economical improvements in line with on the global agenda. Methods: This article provides a data research, which considers the economic effects of Covid-19 for adults (≥18 years of age and employed with high digital literacy) during lockdown. Theory of main synthesis is targeting UN Development Goals and WEF’s Social Mobility Index. It is developed based on international literature and it is defined with total 100 Turkish people opinions and connected individual’s budget with the logistics services. Results: Digital technologies as an enabler of inclusive work are delivering the digital flow with Industry 4.0 by changing the way of logistic services function into another virtual transportation platform. In this paper, with the aim of identifying future directions, more than 100 surveys reviewed focusing on inclusive workplace options. Conclusion: Economies with greater social mobility provide more opportunities with the content of the accessible procedures which useful instrument for each procurement mode; operational, tactical, and strategic. It confirms the efficiency, effectiveness, and experiences of people with the digitalization technologies (SIoV, IoT, Blockchain, RPA, AI, Data Analytics, etc.) It is recommended that the levels explained in this study contribute to future studies by accessible supply chain with inclusive work procedures