Effect of thermo-oxidized soybean oil on growth rate and skeletal muscle enzyme activities in rats

Fresh and thermooxidized soybean oil diets were fed to rats for six weeks at two supplementation levels (5% and 15%). Rats fed with thermooxidized oil showed growth depression probably as a result of gross accumulation of decomposition products in the gut of the rats thereby reducing intestinal absorption. Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and Acid Phosphatase (ACP) were assayed in the skeletal muscle of the rats. Significant decrease in activity of the enzymes was recorded starting from the second week till the end of the feeding period in the rats fed with 15% thermooxidized oil diet. The decrease in activity of the enzymes might be due to cellular damage caused by peroxides and other products of heated fat which might have inhibited the synthesis of the enzymes or allowed them to leak out of the cell. Analysis of protein content in the skeletal muscle of rats after the feeding experiment shows no significant changes. This study suggests that prolonged consumption of thermally heated Soybean oil at high level could be toxic to the living system

Protective role of onion and garlic on physicochemical alterations and toxicity of heated soybean oil

Fresh and soybean oil heated with or without onion or garlic were analyzed for their physicochemical and toxicological properties. Darkened appearance, off flavors, rancid taste and significant reduction of iodine value was obtained for the heated oil. Acid value, peroxide value, viscosity and concentration of malondialdehyde of the thermooxidized soybean oil were also significantly elevated (

Kidney and Liver Function Parameters in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Aloe Barbadensis Juice Extract

Aloe barbadensis juice extract has been reported to possess hypoglycaemic property but the effects of its use on kidney and liver functions in diabetic animals have not been well investigated. This study investigated some biochemical parameters in the liver and kidney of alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with Aloe barbadensis juice extract. Alloxan-induced diabetic rats were administered orally with Aloe barbadensis juice extract for seven days after which some biochemical indices in the serum, liver and kidney were measured and compared with the control. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), urea and creatinine of untreated diabetic group and treated diabetic groups were significantly elevated when compared with the normal control group with no significant changes in the levels of the enzymes in the liver and kidney. There were no significant changes (p>0.05) in the serum levels of Na+ and K+ in untreated diabetic group and treated diabetic groups when compared with the normal control rats which are not diabetic. These results suggest that administration of aqueous extract of Aloe barbadensis to diabetic rats did not have any adverse effect on the liver and kidney functions in rats showing that the extract is not toxic to man. Keywords: Aloe barbadensis, Alloxan, Liver function, Kidney function, Diabetic rats

Haematological evaluation in rats following administration of some antisickling agents

The effect of oral administration of thiocyanate, tellurite and hydroxyurea on haematological profile in albino rats was investigated in this study. Rats were divided into four groups. Control group received distilled water while the three experimental groups were administered with each of the antisickling drug daily at their therapeutic dose for a period of 28 days. All the drugs significantly increased packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin concentration (Hb) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in the blood of the rats in vivo. Hydroxyurea and thiocyanate caused significant reduction in red cell distribution width (RDW), platelets count and reticulocytes. Tellurite significantly reduced (

Changes in Serum Electrolytes and Lipid Profile in Diabetes Subjects in Freetown Sierra Leone

Background: Measurement of blood electrolytes level and lipid profile usually give good indications of the disease progression in a number of non communicable diseases. Objective: To investigate the effect of diabetes on electrolyte and lipid status of male and female diabetics in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Subjects and Methods: Serum concentrations of electrolytes and lipids in one hundred and twenty (120) adult diabetics attending some diagnostic centers in Freetown Sierra Leone were measured and compared with those of one hundred and twenty (120) non-diabetic individuals. Results: Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk ratio in diabetic patients were significantly higher (

Oral administration of Rauwolfia vomitoria extract has no untoward effect on kidney and liver functions in rats

The effect of ethanolic extract of leaf and root of Rauwolfia vomitoria on kidney and liver functions in rats was investigated. Rats were given daily oral administration of ethanolic extracts of either root orleaf of R. vomitoria at two different concentrations (1.0 and 2.0 g/kg body weight) for a period of 14 days. Some biochemical parameters in the serum, liver and kidney of the rats were measured andcompared with control. There were no significant difference (P+ and K+ in rats treated with the extracts compared with the control. The levels of the enzymes in the liver and kidney of rats that received the extracts were not also significantly different (

Cations Content And Membrane Properties Of Human Sickle Blood Incubated With Hydroxyurea, Tellurite And Thiocyanate

The effect of hydroxyurea, sodium thiocyanate and potassium tellurite on cations content and membrane properties of sickle erythrocyte was investigated in this study. Human sickle blood was incubated with the drugs in vitro at their optimum sickling inhibitory concentration. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), cations (Na+, K+ and Ca2+) contents and viscosity were measured. Tellurite and thiocyanate significantly increased (P0.05) MCV, reduced MCHC and blood viscosity and also significantly inhibited (P0.05) calcium accumulation by sickle red blood cell. In addition, the two drugs increased red blood cell sodium gain and inhibited potassium loss significantly. Incubation of the drugs with sickle erythrocyte ghost membrane indicated that tellurite and thiocyanate significantly inhibited (P0.05) Na+-K+-ATPase (EC 3.6.3.9) and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase (EC 3.6.3.8) activities. Blood incubated with hydroxyurea also significantly inhibited (P0.05) calcium ion accumulation but had no effect on all other measured parameters. This result suggests that thiocyanate and tellurite have positive modification effect on sickle erythrocyte membrane and cation transport thereby causing rehydration and improvement in red blood cell deformability. Keywords: Cations content, Erythrocyte Membrane, Hydroxyurea, Sodium thiocyanate, Potassium tellurite Egyptian Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Vol. 26 (1) 2008 pp. 117-12