Measurement of hydrogen depth distribution by resonant nuclear reactions

The resonance at E (19F) =6.42 MeV in the reaction 1H(19F,alphagamma)16O has been explored as a potentially useful method for the quantitative determination of hydrogen concentration as a function of depth in a solid substrate. The relative merits of this resonance, the 16.44-MeV resonance in the same reaction, and the 6.39-MeV resonance in the reaction 1H(15N,alphagamma)12C are discussed

Determination of Omega_b From Big Bang Nucleosynthesis in the Presence of Regions of Antimatter

Production of regions of antimatter in the early universe is predicted in many baryogenesis models. Small scale antimatter regions would annihilate during or soon after nucleosynthesis, affecting the abundances of the light elements. In this paper we study how the acceptable range in Omega_b changes in the presence of antimatter regions, as compared to the standard big bang nucleosynthesis. It turns out that it is possible to produce at the same time both a low 4He value (Y_p < 0.240) and a low D/H value (D/H < 4e-5), but overproduction of 7Li is unavoidable at large Omega_b.Comment: 9 pages, PRD version, ref. 6 correcte

High Spatial Resolution Fast-Neutron Imaging Detectors for Pulsed Fast-Neutron Transmission Spectroscopy

Two generations of a novel detector for high-resolution transmission imaging and spectrometry of fast-neutrons are presented. These devices are based on a hydrogenous fiber scintillator screen and single- or multiple-gated intensified camera systems (ICCD). This detector is designed for energy-selective neutron radiography with nanosecond-pulsed broad-energy (1 - 10 MeV) neutron beams. Utilizing the Time-of-Flight (TOF) method, such a detector is capable of simultaneously capturing several images, each at a different neutron energy (TOF). In addition, a gamma-ray image can also be simultaneously registered, allowing combined neutron/gamma inspection of objects. This permits combining the sensitivity of the fast-neutron resonance method to low-Z elements with that of gamma radiography to high-Z materials.Comment: Also published in JINST: http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1748-0221/4/05/P0501

Appreciations of Wordsworth\u27s poems suitable for high school study

The subject of this study was suggested by an under­graduate course which centered around the poet, Wordsworth. The aim of this thesis is to suggest a means whereby the poetry of Wordsworth can be made interesting to high school students. To attain this end certain sources of human interest materials were employed, two of the most important of which are Dorothy Wordsworth\u27s Journals and Wordsworth\u27s own comments which throw light on the meaning of his poems. The problem of this thesis has been to select certain or Wordsworth\u27 a poems that are included in high school literature textbooks, in addition to others that are suit­able for high school study, and to gather together the material containing human interest elements which may cause these same poems to be of interest to the students. The general method of treatment was to group the poems into ballads or short narratives, nature lyrics, sonnets, long narratives, and odes. Each group was followed through separately by introducing it with a limited amount of information concerning the content and general character­istics of the group as a whole, by presenting human interest

Highly Excited States in C11. Elastic Scattering of Protons by B10

Excitation functions for the elastic scattering of protons by B10 have been measured at center-of-mass scattering angles near 90°, 125°, and 160° for proton energies between Ep=0.15 MeV and Ep=3.0 MeV. Scattering angular distributions were measured at 43 selected energies in this range. An excitation function for the reaction B10(p, α0)Be7 was also measured between Ep=1.5 MeV and Ep=2.6 MeV at a laboratory angle of 90°. The atomic stopping cross section of boron for protons has been determined between Ep=0.1 MeV and Ep=3.0 MeV. The elastic scattering excitation functions exhibit conspicuous anomalies at Ep=1.50 MeV and Ep=2.180 MeV. The α0 transition to the ground state of Be7 is also resonant at Ep=2.180 MeV. The behavior of the cross sections in these regions has been analyzed in terms of compound states of C11. Satisfactory agreement is achieved with level assignments of Jπ=7/2+ with ER=1.50 MeV, Γp=90 keV, ΓT=250 keV; and Jπ=9/2+ with ER=2.180 MeV, Γp=100 keV, Γα0=100 kev, and ΓT=200 keV. Although complete analysis of the scattering is hindered by the influence of unknown background processes, the negative parity assignment for the previously reported state at Ep=1.17 MeV, derived from other reaction experiments, appears inconsistent with the scattering

Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy as it Complements Particle Induced X-Ray Emission Microanalysis

The early uses of Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy (STIM) with MeV ions are reviewed. The transformation of STIM energy-loss images into maps of areal density is discussed, and is illustrated with images of a fruit fly head (Drosophila melanogaster). Freeze-dried male heads are transparent to 4-MeV protons in the dorsal and frontal directions, but in the sagittal direction the brain is opaque. STIM with molecular ions is shown to be useful for increasing contrast in low density areas. For recording registered STIM and PIXE images without changing accelerator parameters, apertures are used to accomplish the required change in beam intensity (a factor of 105). Molecular ions are used to assess contamination of the microbeam by scattered ions. Pixel by pixel ratios of x-ray intensity to areal density are taken to obtain maps of element concentrations. Calcium and iron maps are shown. Inner parts of the fly head are clearly seen in the concentration maps. The PIXE exposure caused differential displacements of inner parts of the head by 15 μm or less. Weight loss during the PIXE exposure was measured to be 3%