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    Results of conservative treatment of malignant sylvian infarction: a prospective cohort study from the Conakry University Hospital Center: Résultats du traitement conservateur de l’infarctus sylvian malin : étude de suivi longitudinal réalisée au Centre hospitalier universitaire de Conakry

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    Context and objective. Little is known about the impact of conservative treatment of malignant sylvian infarction (MSI), a specific type of ischemic stroke that generally affects the entire territory of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of conservative treatment of patients suffering from MSI. Methods. This was a prospective cohort and descriptive study including consecutive patients who were hospitalized in the Neurology Department for MSI confirmed by brain imaging, over a period of six 6 months from October 24, 2019 to April 24, 2020. Results. The MSI represented 25 cases (11.7 %) of 329 strokes recorded. Their average age was 59.1 ± 17.7 year with a female preponderance. Disorder of consciousness was found in all patients. The mean time of admission in hours was 77.1 ± 73.8 hours (extreme of 7 – 360 hours). Hypertension, diabetes and smoking were found as vascular risk factors in our patients. The Glasgow coma scale (GCS) was ≤ 8 in one patient and ≥ 8 in 24 other patients. The average National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 17.5 (extremes of 15 – 20); and 96 % of patients had a score between 16 and 20. The brain CT scan revealed a hemispheric infarction with edema and mass effect on the median structures. Inhalation pneumopathy, buttock and/or heel pressure ulcer, and pulmonary embolism were the most common complications. With the conservative treatment, the mortality rate was 68 %. The NIHSS ≥ 17 and/or GCS ≤ 8 score within three days of the vascular event and hypoxemia was a poor prognostic factor in 86.6 % of cases. Conclusion. Conservative treatment of MSI is associated with poor prognosis with a high mortality rate especially in the absence of surgery. Contexte et objectif. L’impact rĂ©el du traitement conservateur de l’infarctus sylvien malin (ISM), type spĂ©cifique d’accident ischĂ©mique cĂ©rĂ©bral  du territoire de l’artère cĂ©rĂ©brale moyenne (ACM) n’est pas clairement dĂ©terminĂ©. L’étude visait Ă  en Ă©valuer le rĂ©sultat chez 25 patients (âge moyen : 59,1 ±17,7 ans) admis pour cette affection. MĂ©thodes. Cette enquĂŞte descriptive et prospective a analysĂ© les donnĂ©es des patients consĂ©cutifs, admis  au service de Neurologie pour un ISM confirmĂ© par TDM cĂ©rĂ©brale, pendant la pĂ©riode d’étude. RĂ©sultaats. Sur un total de 329 cas d’AVC, l’ISM a constituĂ© 11,7%, avec une prĂ©pondĂ©rance fĂ©minine.Le trouble de conscience Ă©tait prĂ©sent chez tous , avec un dĂ©lai moyen d’admission de 77,1 ± 73,8 heures. L’hypertension artĂ©rielle, le diabète et le  tabagisme Ă©taient les principaux facteurs de risque cardiovasculaires retrouvĂ©s. Le score  de Glasgow (GCS) Ă©tait ≤ 8 chez un patient et ≥ 8 chez  les 24 autres. Le score de National institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) moyen est de 17,5 (extrĂŞmes de 15 – 20) ; et presque tous les patients (96%) avaient un score compris entre 16 – 20. La TDM cĂ©rĂ©brale a montrĂ© un infarctus hĂ©misphĂ©rique avec un Ĺ“dème et effet de masse sur les structures mĂ©dianes. Les complications les plus frĂ©quentes Ă©taient respectivement : la pneumonie d’inhalation,  l’escarre fessier et/ou talonnier, et l’embolie pulmonaire. Le taux de mortalitĂ© a Ă©tĂ© de 68% dans la sĂ©rie.  un score  NIHSS ≥ 17 et/ou GCS ≤ 8 endĂ©ans les trois premiers jours d’admission et l’hypoxĂ©mie Ă©taient des prĂ©dicteurs d’un mauvais pronostic.  Conclusion. Le pronostic vital rĂ©servĂ© et le taux Ă©levĂ© de mortalitĂ© de ce traitement justifient le renforcement du plateau technique  neurochirurgical dans cette institution
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