64 research outputs found
Changes in Mobility of the Golden Hamster with Induction of an IL-1-Induced Arthritis
Many studies in animals have examined biochemical, immune and
histological changes during arthritis; however, the study of the
effects of arthritis on mobility has been largely neglected.
Interleukin-1, administered by the intraarticular route into hamster
knee joints, resulted in inhibition of spontaneous wheel running
activity; however, the effect was transient, lasting only through
the evening following IL-1 administration. A further injection of
IL-1 2 days later showed still greater inhibition of running. The
effect again did not extend beyond the first evening after
injection. IL-1α and IL-1β showed equivalent effects on
mobility, and no evidence was seen for cooperative interaction
between them. A 50% inhibition of running occurred at a dose
of approximately 10 ng/knee of IL-1α. The effect appeared
not to be systemic since intraperitoneal injection required
microgram amounts of IL-1 for an equivalent inhibition. At the time
mobility had been restored to normal, histological examination
showed the continued presence of inflammatory cells, soft tissue
swelling and cartilage proteoglycan loss. These results suggest a
lack of correlation between inhibition of mobility and
histopathological changes in cartilage and soft tissue
Cytokine Reduction in the Treatment of Joint Conditions
The destruction of joints caused by rheumatoid arthritis and
osteoarthritis is characterized by an imbalance of enzyme catalysed
cartilage breakdown and regeneration. A complex cytokine network
perpetuates joint conditions by direct regulation of
metalloproteases, by indirect recruitment of cells that secrete
degradative enzymes, and by inhibition of reparative processes. The
destructive action of cytokines such as interleukin-1, interleukin-6
and tumour necrosis factor-α can be modulated at multiple
points associated either with cytokine production or with cytokine
action. Potential agents for cytokine reduction include selective
anti-cytokine antibodies, anticytokine receptor antibodies, cytokine
receptor antagonist proteins, and soluble and chimeric cytokine
receptor molecules. Pharmacologic regulation of IL-1 and TNFα
remain primary targets for treatment of arthritis, and results of
early clinical trials are promising. However, the results of
long-term clinical trials will be required to support the value of
anti-cytokine therapy in treatment of arthritis
Resistive Exercise for Arthritic Cartilage Health (REACH): A randomized double-blind, sham-exercise controlled trial
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>This article provides the rationale and methodology, of the first randomised controlled trial to our knowledge designed to assess the efficacy of progressive resistance training on cartilage morphology in women with knee osteoarthritis.</p> <p>Development and progression of osteoarthritis is multifactorial, with obesity, quadriceps weakness, joint malalignment, and abnormal mechanical joint forces particularly relevant to this study. Progressive resistance training has been reported to improve pain and disability in osteoarthritic cohorts. However, the disease-modifying potential of progressive resistance training for the articular cartilage degeneration characteristic of osteoarthritis is unknown. Our aim was to investigate the effect of high intensity progressive resistance training on articular cartilage degeneration in women with knee osteoarthritis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Our cohort consisted of women over 40 years of age with primary knee osteoarthritis, according to the American College of Rheumatology clinical criteria. Primary outcome was blinded measurement of cartilage morphology via magnetic resonance imaging scan of the tibiofemoral joint. Secondary outcomes included walking endurance, balance, muscle strength, endurance, power, and velocity, body composition, pain, disability, depressive symptoms, and quality of life.</p> <p>Participants were randomized into a supervised progressive resistance training or sham-exercise group. The progressive resistance training group trained muscles around the hip and knee at 80% of their peak strength and progressed 3% per session, 3 days per week for 6 months. The sham-exercise group completed all exercises except hip adduction, but without added resistance or progression. Outcomes were repeated at 3 and 6 months, except for the magnetic resonance imaging scan, which was only repeated at 6 months.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Our results will provide an evaluation of the disease-modifying potential of progressive resistance training for osteoarthritis.</p> <p>Trial Registration</p> <p>ANZCTR Reference No. 12605000116628</p
Comparative study of cyclophosphamide, 6-mercaptopurine, azathiopurine and methotrexate. Relative effects on the humoral and the cellular immune response in the mouse.
A comparison of the carrageenan edema test and ultraviolet light-induced erythema test as predictors of the clinical dose in rheumatoid arthritis
Species specificity of neoepitope antibodies to aggrecanase and MMP-generated sequences in the interglobular domain of aggrecan [Poster Abstract]
- …