The Aesthetic Hyper-Object in Experimental Short Film Practices: Lina Sieckmann and Miriam Gossing’s Art Documentaries

Short experimental films by the German female director duo Lina Sieckmann und Miriam Gossing put domestic environments on cinematic display in new and challenging ways. The essay discusses the links between the films’ documentary agendas, surreal visual montages, and poetic feminine voice-overs. Selected films are placed into dialogues with Michael Renov’s concept of aesthetics in documentary film and Timothy Morton’s notion of the “hyperobject.” This theoretical framework highlights the tensions between the films’ powerful aesthetics and feminine queer desire as they decenter socially ingrained dualisms

Migration’s Alienations: Bertolt Brecht’s Mother Courage

Brecht’s so-called anti-war drama Mother Courage and her Children (1939) will be read as a migration drama that demystifies rhetorical cynicism as a coping device for the traumatic torments of migration. By placing Brecht’s work in the context of Peter Sloterdijk’s theory of cynicism, our reading demonstrates how this work adds further perspectives to Thomas Nail’s recent theory of migration and to the discussion of the play’s theatrical production

Migration’s Alienations: Bertolt Brecht’s Mother Courage

23 pagesBrecht’s so-called anti-war drama Mother Courage and her Children (1939) will be read as a migration drama that demystifies rhetorical cynicism as a coping device for the traumatic torments of migration. By placing Brecht’s work in the context of Peter Sloterdijk’s theory of cynicism, our reading demonstrates how this work adds further perspectives to Thomas Nail’s recent theory of migration and to the discussion of the play’s theatrical production

Methoden- und Datenbericht zur Studie "Die Zukunft der Universität: Befragungen von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern an Universitäten zu Bedingungen für Innovationen in Forschung und Lehre"; Erhebung "ResearchQuest 2020 - 2021"

Dieser Methoden- und Datenbericht beschreibt die quantitative Onlinebefragung "ResearchQuest 2020-2021" im Rahmen des IHF-Forschungsbereichs "Hochschullehrende und wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs". Beschrieben werden das Befragungsdesign, das Erhebungsinstrument (der Fragebogen), die Durchführung der Erhebung, die gewonnenen Daten sowie die Datenaufbereitung. Befragt wurden Professorinnen und Professoren, Forschungsgruppenleiterinnen und -leiter sowie wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeiter in den Bereichen MINT und Wirtschaftswissenschaften an Universitäten deutschlandweit. Themen der Befragung waren Führung und Zusammenarbeit, Voraussetzungen für Innovationen und die Chancengleichheit von Frauen und Männern in der Wissenschaft. Die Befragung wurde so angelegt, dass Mehrebenenanalysen möglich sind

Critical Incidents in Cross-cultural Coaching: The View from German Coaches

The importance of a cultural perspective in coaching is increasingly significant for coaching practitioners and academics living in a globalised world. The question remains as to how the coaching methods rooted in the Western approach can be applied in the context of other (national) cultures. Using semi-structured interviews and based on the critical incidents technique, fifteen German coaching experts were interviewed to determine those critical incidents they experienced in cross-cultural coaching settings. The results show incidents in four main areas: communication, coach-client relationship, coaching setting and role understanding. These are aimed at improving outcomes but not at the expense of identifying the true core issue or coaching topic

A Frameshift Mutation within LAMC2 Is Responsible for Herlitz Type Junctional Epidermolysis Bullosa (HJEB) in Black Headed Mutton Sheep

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB) is a hereditary mechanobullous skin disease in humans and animals. A Herlitz type JEB was identified in German Black Headed Mutton (BHM) sheep and affected lambs were reproduced in a breeding trial. Affected lambs showed skin and mucous membranes blistering and all affected lambs died within the first weeks of life. The pedigree data were consistent with a monogenic autosomal recessive inheritance. Immunofluorescence showed a reduced expression of laminin 5 protein which consists of 3 subunits encoded by the genes LAMA3, LAMB3 and LAMC2. We screened these genes for polymorphisms. Linkage and genome-wide association analyses identified LAMC2 as the most likely candidate for HJEB. A two base pair deletion within exon 18 of the LAMC2 gene (FM872310:c.2746delCA) causes a frameshift mutation resulting in a premature stop codon (p.A928*) 13 triplets downstream of this mutation and in addition, introduces an alternative splicing of exon 18 LAMC2. This deletion showed a perfect co-segregation with HJEB in all 740 analysed BHM sheep. Identification of the LAMC2 deletion means an animal model for HJEB is now available to develop therapeutic approaches of relevance to the human form of this disease

Random Expert Sampling for Deep Learning Segmentation of Acute Ischemic Stroke on Non-contrast CT

Purpose: Multi-expert deep learning training methods to automatically quantify ischemic brain tissue on Non-Contrast CT Materials and Methods: The data set consisted of 260 Non-Contrast CTs from 233 patients of acute ischemic stroke patients recruited in the DEFUSE 3 trial. A benchmark U-Net was trained on the reference annotations of three experienced neuroradiologists to segment ischemic brain tissue using majority vote and random expert sampling training schemes. We used a one-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test on a set of segmentation metrics to compare bootstrapped point estimates of the training schemes with the inter-expert agreement and ratio of variance for consistency analysis. We further compare volumes with the 24h-follow-up DWI (final infarct core) in the patient subgroup with full reperfusion and we test volumes for correlation to the clinical outcome (mRS after 30 and 90 days) with the Spearman method. Results: Random expert sampling leads to a model that shows better agreement with experts than experts agree among themselves and better agreement than the agreement between experts and a majority-vote model performance (Surface Dice at Tolerance 5mm improvement of 61% to 0.70 +- 0.03 and Dice improvement of 25% to 0.50 +- 0.04). The model-based predicted volume similarly estimated the final infarct volume and correlated better to the clinical outcome than CT perfusion. Conclusion: A model trained on random expert sampling can identify the presence and location of acute ischemic brain tissue on Non-Contrast CT similar to CT perfusion and with better consistency than experts. This may further secure the selection of patients eligible for endovascular treatment in less specialized hospitals

Non-inferiority of Deep Learning Model to Segment Acute Stroke on Non-contrast CT Compared to Neuroradiologists

Purpose: To develop a deep learning model to segment the acute ischemic infarct on non-contrast Computed Tomography (NCCT). Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, 227 Head NCCT examinations from 200 patients enrolled in the multicenter DEFUSE 3 trial were included. Three experienced neuroradiologists (experts A, B and C) independently segmented the acute infarct on each study. The dataset was randomly split into 5 folds with training and validation cases. A 3D deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture was optimized for the data set properties and task needs. The input to the model was the NCCT and the output was a segmentation mask. The model was trained and optimized on expert A. The outcome was assessed by a set of volume, overlap and distance metrics. The predicted segmentations of the best model and expert A were compared to experts B and C. Then we used a paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test in a one-sided test procedure for all metrics to test for non-inferiority in terms of bias and precision. Results: The best performing model reached a Surface Dice at Tolerance (SDT)5mm of 0.68 \pm 0.04. The predictions were non-inferior when compared to independent experts in terms of bias and precision (paired one-sided test procedure for differences in medians and bootstrapped standard deviations with non-inferior boundaries of -0.05, 2ml, and 2mm, p < 0.05, n=200). Conclusion: For the segmentation of acute ischemic stroke on NCCT, our 3D CNN trained with the annotations of one neuroradiologist is non-inferior when compared to two independent neuroradiologists

Epidermolysa bullosa in Danish Hereford calves is caused by a deletion in LAMC2 gene

BACKGROUND Heritable forms of epidermolysis bullosa (EB) constitute a heterogeneous group of skin disorders of genetic aetiology that are characterised by skin and mucous membrane blistering and ulceration in response to even minor trauma. Here we report the occurrence of EB in three Danish Hereford cattle from one herd. RESULTS Two of the animals were necropsied and showed oral mucosal blistering, skin ulcerations and partly loss of horn on the claws. Lesions were histologically characterized by subepidermal blisters and ulcers. Analysis of the family tree indicated that inbreeding and the transmission of a single recessive mutation from a common ancestor could be causative. We performed whole genome sequencing of one affected calf and searched all coding DNA variants. Thereby, we detected a homozygous 2.4 kb deletion encompassing the first exon of the LAMC2 gene, encoding for laminin gamma 2 protein. This loss of function mutation completely removes the start codon of this gene and is therefore predicted to be completely disruptive. The deletion co-segregates with the EB phenotype in the family and absent in normal cattle of various breeds. Verifying the homozygous private variants present in candidate genes allowed us to quickly identify the causative mutation and contribute to the final diagnosis of junctional EB in Hereford cattle. CONCLUSIONS Our investigation confirms the known role of laminin gamma 2 in EB aetiology and shows the importance of whole genome sequencing in the analysis of rare diseases in livestock