40 research outputs found
19th century glacier retreat in the Alps preceded the emergence of industrial black carbon deposition on high-alpine glaciers
Light absorbing aerosols in the atmosphere and cryosphere play
an important role in the climate system. Their presence in ambient air and
snow changes the radiative properties of these systems, thus contributing to
increased atmospheric warming and snowmelt. High spatio-temporal variability
of aerosol concentrations and a shortage of long-term observations contribute
to large uncertainties in properly assigning the climate effects of aerosols
through time.Starting around AD 1860, many glaciers in the European Alps began to retreat
from their maximum mid-19th century terminus positions, thereby visualizing
the end of the Little Ice Age in Europe. Radiative forcing by increasing
deposition of industrial black carbon to snow has been suggested as the main
driver of the abrupt glacier retreats in the Alps. The basis for this
hypothesis was model simulations using elemental carbon concentrations at low
temporal resolution from two ice cores in the Alps.Here we present sub-annually resolved concentration records of refractory
black carbon (rBC; using soot photometry) as well as distinctive tracers for
mineral dust, biomass burning and industrial pollution from the Colle
Gnifetti ice core in the Alps from AD 1741 to 2015. These records allow
precise assessment of a potential relation between the timing of observed
acceleration of glacier melt in the mid-19th century with an increase of rBC
deposition on the glacier caused by the industrialization of Western Europe.
Our study reveals that in AD 1875, the time when rBC ice-core concentrations
started to significantly increase, the majority of Alpine glaciers had
already experienced more than 80 % of their total 19th century length
reduction, casting doubt on a leading role for soot in terminating of the
Little Ice Age. Attribution of glacial retreat requires expansion of the
spatial network and sampling density of high alpine ice cores to balance
potential biasing effects arising from transport, deposition, and snow
conservation in individual ice-core records.</p
Real-world safety profiles of pirfenidone and nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients
International audienceMeeting Abstract PM2-01
Safety Profile of Cabazitaxel: A French Pharmacovigilance Database Analysis
International audienc
Real-world safety profiles of pirfenidone and nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients
International audienceMeeting Abstract PM2-01
Real-world safety profiles of pirfenidone and nintedanib in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients
International audienceMeeting Abstract PM2-01
Laser generated lamb waves in carbon / epoxy composite structures using an embedded fiber optic delivery system
Communication to : SPIE 7th annual international symposium on smart structures and materials conference on smart structures and integrated systems, Newport Beach (USA), March 05-09, 2000Available from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : 22419, issue : a.2000 n.59 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueSIGLEFRFranc
Modification de la perception des sons sous antiépileptiques : une revue de la littérature et des bases de pharmacovigilance
National audiencePitch perception modifications are among the little-known adverse effects observed with antiepileptics, mainly affecting patients treated with carbamazepine (CBZ). Here, we describe an original French case of pitch perception modification due to CBZ resulting in perfect pitch loss. We also reviewed the literature as well as French and world health organisation global pharmacovigilance database. The case report concerns a 22-year-old patient with perfect pitch with untreated left temporal partial epilepsy. Following a generalized seizure, the introduction of CBZ prolonged release (200mg twice a day) is decided. As soon as CBZ is introduced, the patient notices a change in pitch perception, about a semitone lower. This adverse effect persisted despite a gradual decrease in doses. The patient reported a total recovery of his perfect pitch when CBZ stopped completely 11 years later. In the French pharmacovigilance database, only one other case of pitch perception modification under CBZ was recorded (no cases were found with oxcarbazepine, lacosamide, sodium valproate, lamotrigine, levetiracetam, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primidone, ethosuximide, vigabatrine, felbamate, gabapentin, tiagabine and topiramate). In the literature, 27 cases of pitch perception modification have been published with CBZ, 1 case with oxcarbazepine and 1 case with lacosamide. Pitch perception modification is a very rare adverse effect of CBZ, oxcarbazepine and lacosamide, identified in the literature mainly in the Japanese population, in experienced musicians. A rapid onset after the introduction of treatment, a complete resolution of symptoms, in most cases upon discontinuation of treatment, is observed, with no sequelae reported. Due to the impact on quality of life, especially in patients whose profession is related to music, knowledge of this adverse event seems important to evoke this diagnosis