Demigods of Technology Use – How Beating the Overconfidence Bias Can Prevent Medical Errors

The healthcare domain faces considerable challenges due to the digitization of medical processes and routines. Information technologies are designed to enable physicians to treat more patients and to increase service quality and patient safety. Despite acknowledging the rapid digital transformation of healthcare, research often neglects whether physicians are actually able to effectively decide which technology to use in which setting and whether their technology use thus effectively enhances quality and safety. Literature on cognitive biases already looked broadly at related errors in judgment and action and questioned rational behavior. Nevertheless, overconfidence, being one of the most common cognitive biases, has barely been linked to the accurate adoption and use of technology by physicians. Against this background, this research-in-progress paper proposes a framework for conducting a mixed-methods study based on the particularities of overconfidence in healthcare. We invite future research to compare our approach with established theoretical frameworks in IS research

Mind Wandering in Information Technology Use:Scale Development and CrossValidation

Because our minds frequently drift away, an investigation into mind wandering while using information technology (IT) is critical. Despite growing interest in mind-wandering episodes in various domains, the discipline of Information Systems (IS) still lacks a validated measurement instrument that can account for the technology-related facets of the phenomenon. Our work addresses this gap and presents the results of a comprehensively developed scale that is specifically designed for IS scenarios. Using existing literature and the results of a pilot study (N = 35), a field study (N = 364), and a cross-validation sample (N = 336), we developed a new instrument that allows mind wandering while using technology to be measured either as a state (MWS) or as a trait with two subtypes (MWT-D: deliberate, and MWT-S: spontaneous). Whereas MWS captures a momentary mental state or a sequence of mental states that arise relatively freely while using technology in a given moment, MWT-D and MWT-S capture either intentional or unintentional, internally focused thoughts in technology-related settings in everyday life. Our scale is well suited to support future research to investigate the effects of mind wandering in technology-related settings and to study its implications for IS-relevant dependent variables, such as task performance and creativity.</p

Quality Is more Important than Quantity: Social Presence and Workplace Ergonomics Control Predict Perceived Remote Work Performance

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a widespread disruption to the way that we work. One of its lasting consequences will be the ubiquity of remote work. The effective use of collaboration tools is therefore a critical factor for information systems (IS) research when design the workplaces of the future. We theorize that social presence and workplace ergonomics control are important predictors of perceived performance. Moreover, we investigate how different factors (i.e., collaboration tool efficacy, mode of work, and number of meetings) influence social presence. Using survey data (N = 389), we provide evidence that workplace ergonomics control and social presence are indeed important for perceived performance. Surprisingly, we observe that only collaborative platform efficacy has a significant impact on social presence, and that neither the number of meetings nor the modality were significant factors. Based upon these results, we derive implications for theory and practice

Cognitive processes while using Artificial Intelligence at work: a research agenda on challenges and opportunities

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) at work is transforming task execution, decision-making, and creative output, necessitating a deeper understanding of the users’ cognitive processes involved. Following this endeavor, this paper proposes a comprehensive research agenda. First, its theoretical framework explores three established cognitive concepts linking them to human-computer interaction and information systems research. Second, it identifies key research themes and proposes methodologies to offer strategies to investigate these phenomena. Third, it highlights the potential of interdisciplinary research and thoughtful policies to ensure AI adoption aligns with human well-being, and ethical considerations. Ultimately, the insights motivate actionable strategies for organizations that ensure AI at work is designed in a human-centric way.   Processi cognitivi nell’uso dell’Intelligenza Artificiale sul lavoro: un’agenda di ricerca su sfide e opportunità. L’integrazione dell’intelligenza artificiale (IA) nei contesti lavorativi sta trasformando l’esecuzione dei compiti, i processi decisionali e quelli creativi, rendendo necessaria una comprensione più approfondita dei processi cognitivi degli utenti coinvolti. In questo senso, il presente articolo propone un’agenda di ricerca. In primo luogo, il quadro teorico esplora tre concetti cognitivi consolidati collegandoli alla ricerca sull’interazione uomo-computer e sui sistemi informativi. In secondo luogo, identifica i temi chiave di ricerca e propone metodologie per offrire strategie finalizzate all’indagine di questi fenomeni. In terzo luogo, evidenzia il potenziale della ricerca interdisciplinare e di politiche ben ponderate per garantire che l’adozione dell’IA sia in linea con il benessere umano, le considerazioni etiche e la sostenibilità. In ultima analisi, le intuizioni fornite motivano strategie praticabili per le organizzazioni, affinché l’IA nel lavoro sia progettata in modo centrato sull’uomo

How Autonomy is Used in Information Systems Research: Status Quo and Prospective Opportunities

Autonomy is a central concept that allows researchers to investigate essential aspects such as job-related outcomes in Information Systems (IS) research. With the increase of mobile technologies, autonomy is increasingly gaining importance. Given the growing body of research in this area, this research presents the results of a systematic literature review. The results show in detail how autonomy has been used and identify fruitful avenues for future research. Specifically, we suggest that future research should contextualize autonomy to give it a pivotal theoretical significance for IS research. Moreover, future research should also acknowledge the multi-dimensional facets of autonomy to enhance its explanatory power

Where Are Your Thoughts? On the Relationship between Technology Use and Mind Wandering

Mind wandering is an important brain activity that fosters creativity and productivity. Research suggests that individuals spend up to 50% of their waking time thinking about things that are unrelated to the present situation or task. Previous literature has acknowledged the importance of mind wandering in technology-related contexts by investigating its mediating role between task and individual performance. In this study, we go one step further and investigate the direct relationship between technology use and mind wandering. In particular, we investigate if different types of technology use (hedonic use vs. utilitarian use) have an impact on mind wandering. Results from a factorial survey study (n=90) suggest that there is a significant difference between hedonic use and utilitarian use when it comes to mind wandering. Based on these insights, we discuss the role of mind wandering for IS research and potentials for future research

Creativity Loading – Please Wait! Investigating the Relationship between Interruption, Mind Wandering and Creativity

With the advancement of information technologies, routine tasks are increasingly supported by information systems, which is why ideation and creativity is becoming more and more important. We know from many anecdotes that creative ideas emerge when our mind is wandering instead of being focused on the task at hand. Yet, most information systems that are used for work-related purposes offer only little opportunities for task-unrelated thoughts. In contrast, current literature shows that most information technology is designed to keep our attention. In order to better understand the value of mind wandering, we propose an experimental design that incorporates interruptions that vary in their length with the objective to stimulate episodes of mind wandering and thus positively impact creativity. We provide initial insights on how the experiment should designed and discuss implications for future research

Quality Is more Important than Quantity: Social Presence and Workplace Ergonomics Control Predict Perceived Remote Work Performance

The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a widespread disruption to the way that we work. One of its lasting consequences will be the ubiquity of remote work. The effective use of collaboration tools is therefore a critical factor for information systems (IS) research when design the workplaces of the future. We theorize that social presence and workplace ergonomics control are important predictors of perceived performance. Moreover, we investigate how different factors (i.e., collaboration tool efficacy, mode of work, and number of meetings) influence social presence. Using survey data (N = 389), we provide evidence that workplace ergonomics control and social presence are indeed important for perceived performance. Surprisingly, we observe that only collaborative platform efficacy has a significant impact on social presence, and that neither the number of meetings nor the modality were significant factors. Based upon these results, we derive implications for theory and practice