A Model HACCP Plan for Fish Seasoning Powder Production

Many kinds of seasoning powder available in market contain high amount of monosodium glutamate (MSG) in Myanmar. So, natural seasoning powder without MSG from fish and vegetables seasoning powder was considered for safe and healthy product as substitute of MSG. The main aim of this research is to design Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan for fish based seasoning powder production. Local indigenous raw materials such as Ngar-Gyin (Mrigal fish), cabbage, carrot, cauliflower, chinese cabbage, garlic and ginger were used in the formulation of fish based seasoning powder. The prerequisite programs (PRPs), operational prerequisite programs (OPRPs), hazards, critical control point, preventive measure, critical limits, monitoring procedure and corrective actions have been designed in this HACCP plan. A sample generic HACCP plan was recommended. Three Critical Control Points (CCPs) in the processing; cold storage of raw fish; pressure cooking and packaging were identified. A HACCP plan was completed with perquisite programs dealing with the identified hazards

Osmotic Dehydration of Toddy Fruit Cubes in Sugar Solution Using Response Surface Methodology

The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize the effects of immersion time (60, 90 and 120 min), temperature (35, 45 and 55°C) and concentration of sucrose solution (30, 40 and 50°Brix) in osmotic dehydration of toddy fruit tubes (1cm3). Box-Behnken Design was used with water loss (WL, %), solid gain (SG, %), and weight reduction (WR, %) as responses. The models obtained for all the responses were significant (P≤0.05) without a significant lack of fit. The optimum conditions were temperature (45°C), immersion time (120min), concentration of sucrose solution (40°Brix) in order to obtain WL of (33.867g/100g initial sample), SG of (4.478g/100g initial sample) and WR of 29.39 g/100g initial sample, respectively

The State of Interventional Radiology in Myanmar: A National Report

Purpose: Radiology global outreach programs have increased in recent years but progressed more slowly than other specialties. Establishing radiology services is increasingly recognized as a priority in resource-limited settings. Myanmar has a tremendous disease burden that is treatable with interventional radiology (IR) techniques, and aims to grow and effectively integrate this service into its public healthcare sector. Through collaborations between Asia Pacific Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology (APSCVIR) and Myanmar Radiological Society (MRS), the field of IR has grown exponentially over recent years. This study aims to provide a Myanmar national IR report on the current trends and future challenges. Methods and materials: Descriptive variables across five domains (facility and equipment, workforce, supplies, infrastructure, and casemix) from the four public sector hospitals with IR capability were obtained between 2016-2019. The four hospitals were Yangon General Hospital (YGH), Yangon Specialty Hospital (YSH), Mandalay General Hospital (MGH), and Defense Services General Hospital (DSGH). Data were analyzed to demonstrate progress in IR and the differing casemix. Results: There are currently four IR-capable hospitals and nine interventional radiologists across Myanmar’s public healthcare sector. IR case volumes tripled from 514 cases in 2016 to more than 1,500 cases in 2019. The three most common procedures performed were trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE, 63%), bronchial arterial embolization (BAE, 7.7%), and drainages (7.7%). Significant challenges to the growth and adoption of IR services span the domains of infrastructure, equipment and supplies, workforce, and IR awareness, among other clinical specialties. Conclusion: Myanmar’s healthcare priorities, coupled with international radiological outreach programs, have led to rapid growth of IR. The exponential growth in case volumes is promising for Myanmar and other developing countries. But to widen the scope of practice and integrate the service within local clinical workflows, a holistic effort that addresses multiple domains is needed in the future

Taming age mortality in semi-captive Asian elephants

Understanding factors preventing populations of endangered species from being self-sustaining is vital for successful conservation, but we often lack sufficient data to understand dynamics. The global Asian elephant population has halved since the 1950s, however >25% currently live in captivity and effective management is essential to maintain viable populations. Here, we study the largest semi-captive Asian elephant population, those of the Myanma timber industry (~20% global captive population), whose population growth is heavily limited by juvenile mortality. We assess factors associated with increased mortality of calves aged 4.0–5.5 years, the taming age in Myanmar, a process affecting ~15,000 captive elephants to varying degrees worldwide. Using longitudinal survival data of 1,947 taming-aged calves spanning 43 years, we showed that calf mortality risk increased by >50% at the taming age of four, a peak not seen in previous studies on wild African elephants. Calves tamed at younger ages experienced higher mortality risk, as did calves with less experienced mothers. Taming-age survival greatly improved after 2000, tripling since the 1970’s. Management should focus on reducing risks faced by vulnerable individuals such as young and first-born calves to further improve survival. Changes associated with reduced mortality here are important targets for improving the sustainability of captive populations.</p

Automatic Microcontroller Based Drip Irrigation System Using PID Controller

This paper presents the application of“Automatic Microcontroller Based Drip IrrigationSystem Using PID Controller”. A ProportionalIntegral and Derivative (PID) control algorithm isused for the control of almost all loops in theprocess industries, and is also the basis for manyadvanced control algorithms and strategies.In thefield of agriculture, use of proper method ofirrigation is important and it is well known thatdrip irrigation is very economical and efficient. Inthe conventional drip irrigation system, the farmerhas to continuously monitor the soil moistureconditions in favor of growth of crops. In thissystem, moisture sensors are used to measure thesoil moisture conditions of the field in real time.The moisture values from the sensors are sensedto the Arduino microcontroller and thus thecurrent moisture are compared with predefinedvaluesAccording to the moistures value, requiredamount of water is supplied to the crops.Thesensed moisture values and motor speed control(PWM) values will be displayed in the liquidcrystal display (LCD).The reason of usingArduino is an open-source electronic prototypingplatform based on flexible easy to use hardwareand software. This system will focus on designingPID control the desired speed and drive withPWM function of Arduino to the DC motor pump

Implementation of AES and Diffie-Hellman Algorithms in Data Sending System for Providing Security

This paper presents our work on animplementation for data sharing system by using AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) algorithm, which is applicablein security field for providing data confidentiality. In this paper,AES is used to encrypt data with the use of a single secret keyand vice versa. To improve the security of the system, secret keyis exchanged using Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange Scheme dimedat creating a session key for data encryption between twoparties. This system is very general and it also fulfills tworequirements for secure: a strong encryption algorithm andobtaining copies of secret key in a secure fashion. We useMyanmar2 unicode version in order to enter the data into thedatabase as Myanmar font

Implementation of Car Counting System Using Morphological Image Processing

Along with the economic development,traffic hasincreased enormously these days. Due tothe increasing urban population and hence thenumber of cars, need of controlling the traffic onroads is vital. Automatic detecting and countingvehicles in video on roads is a very challengingproblem in computer vision with importantpractical applications such as to monitor activitiesat traffic and then predict the traffic flow whichassists in regulating traffic. In this paper, thesystem is proposed for counting the number of carsrunning on the road to analyze traffic in anyregion. The system applied the offline video filesthat captured the cars running on the roads withthe help of a stationary camera. Detection of themoving object and removal of the noise is achievedby some morphological operations and the resultshows the number of cars on roads is counted. Thissystem use MATLAB Program for theimplementation

RISK ASSESSMENT IN MYANMAR & THE IMPACT OF INSURANCE POLICIES PRACTICE IN TELECOMMUNICATION INDUSTRY

This study focused on the risk assessment in Myanmar & the Use of Insurance Policies in Telecommunication Industry. The objectives of the study are to identify the results of risk assessment of Ooredoo Myanmar Limited in Myanmar and to examine the risk coverage of Ooredoo by purchasing insurance policies. This study is a descriptive one. Primary data is collected from interview section with CFO of Ooredoo Myanmar Limited and secondary data are primarily based on the data collected from Willis Towers Watson and other related paper from Myanma Insurance. This thesis can reflect risk assessment for telecommunication industry, interest of industrial all risk policy, coverage of industrial all risk policy, choices of law, coverage (inclusion) of industrial all risk, premium payment terms and cancellation clause. Far from being the "single entity- business of the past, today’s telecommunications industry is a mosaic of rapidly changing and emerging enterprises, each with its own area of specialization, each with its own challenges from an insurance standpoint. The telecommunications universe includes operating companies involved in a wide variety of activities such as Internet services, software development and integration and data processing, as well as infrastructure development. As a result, telecommunication industry in different countries are particularly important, as is the need for adequate insurance