Dental Disorders Among Residents Of Ugbo-Odogwu Escarpment, Udi Hills, Eastern Nigeria

Oral epdemiological assessment of dental dsorders was carried out between Apri and July 2006 among the residents of Ugbo-Odogwu escarpment on Udi Hill near Enugu, Eastern Nigeria. Dental abrasions with prevalence rate o 373 %, attriton (31.3 %), calculus (87.5 %), caries (78.8 %), gngivits (62.6 %), gum recession (53.8 %), halitosis (82.7 %), periodontts (52.6 %), stains (78.6 %) and teeth erosions (24.8 %) were the specific dental disorders observed in the area. Every subject had one form or the other of these oral conditions occurring concomitantly. Gender and age specific prevalence of dental disorders as well as nutritional habits, suspected to play major roles in the initiaton and development of dental disorders in the study populaton were discussed. The result of this study could be used to develop a Management Information System (MIS) for Dental Health Care in Nigeria. It may aso stimulate further research interests in the relationships between dental disorders and the nutritional habits of other communities in the developing world. Keywords: Oral Epidemiology, Dental caries, Oral disorders, Eastern NigeriaAnimal Research International Vol. 3 (3) 2006 pp. 534-53

Knowledge and Management Practices Against Malaria in Isulo Community, Orumba South L.G.A Anambra State, Nigeria

A study to determine the knowledge of, and management practices against malaria among thepeople of Isulo community in Orumba South Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria, wascarried out between April and June 2014. Structured questionnaires were issued to 500 individuals in thecommunity. Personal data including age, sex, educational status, marital status and occupation werecollected with the questionnaire. Educational attainment of the participants were Primary education100(20.0%), Secondary education 60(12.0%), tertiary education 45(9.0%), and non-formal education250(50.0%). All the respondents, 500(100%), were aware of the malaria disease. All the respondents,500(100%) mentioned body weakness, headache and fever as the common symptoms of alaria.480(96.0%) respondents attributed malaria to mosquito bites, 290(58.0%) attributed it to consumption oftoo much of oil, 320(64.0%) attributed it to drinking dirty water. On protective measures against mosquitobites, 500(100%) reported putting of nets on the windows and doors and 485(97.0%) believed on sprayinginsecticide inside houses and sleeping under insecticide-treated nets could prevent mosquito bites. Most ofthe respondents 490(98.0%) believed that malaria needs to be treated while 10(2.0%) said that it was adisease that heals on its own without treatment. Malaria treatment methods of the people included visit tohealth centres or hospital 410(82.0%), buying drugs from chemist shops 195(39.5%), visiting prayer andhealing homes 170(34.0%), use of herbs 415(83.0%), avoidance of oily foods 325(69.0%), self-medication165(33.0%) and no treatment 30(6.0%). There is need to empower them with information about the causesof malaria and proper management practices

The Parity Rate of Indoor-Resting Adult Female Anopheles and Culex Mosquitoes and Their Implication in Disease Transmission in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Female Hostels Awka, South Eastern Nigeria

A study on the parity rate of indoor-resting Anopheles and Culex mosquitoes and their implication in disease transmission was carried out in Nnamdi Azikiwe University female hostel between June and July 2016. The mosquitoes were sampled weekly from 24 randomly selected rooms using pyrethrum knock-down collection (P.K.C). A total of 516 mosquitoes comprising of 4 species: Anopheles Gambiae, Anopheles funestus, Culex quinquefasciatus and Culex annulioris, were collected during the study period. The mosquitoes were examined for their abdominal gradings/gonotrophic stages and dissected for parity determination. Culex quinquefasciatus (61.43%) constituted the most abundant species followed by Anopheles Gambiae (30.04%) and Anopheles funestus (7.56%) and the least being Culex annulioris (0.97%). Results showed that majority of the vector species were fed and parous and variations among the parity rates of the 4 species was significant (

Screening for kidney disease in children on World Kidney Day in Lagos State, Nigeria

Background: Across the world, World Kidney Day (WKD) is marked yearly to increase awareness of kidney diseases. In 2016, its focus was on children for the first time. We report on a WKD screening initiative for kidney disease that was conducted in two public schools in Lagos State, Nigeria.Methods: Participants were recruited after guardians provided signed consent and older children gave assent. Baseline data were obtained which included family history of chronic diseases like sickle cell disease, hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, and the use of herbal medications. Anthropometric parameters such as height, weight and body mass index (BMI) were recorded. Investigations included urinalysis, measurement of serum creatinine and estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the Schwartz formula.Results: A total of 405 children were screened; there were 190 (46.9%) males and 215 females. The children were aged 2 to 17 years with a mean age of 9.1 ± 3.0 years. Over 80% of the children had normal nutritional status. Severe thinness was seen in 22 (6.8%) whereas overweight was present in 10 (3.1%). Only 1 was obese. eGFR was above 90 mL/min/1.73 m2 in 232 (94.3%) of the participants. Hypertension was present in 47 (14.4%), with the highest rate among those 0–8 years old. Proteinuria was detected in 118 (29.2%); none of the children had haematuria. Systolic hypertension, a family history of smoking and the use of herbal medications were associated with proteinuria.Conclusions: The study has highlighted a high rate of proteinuria, associated with the use of herbal medications, hypertension and a family history of smoking. Screening for renal disease in children with appropriate follow-up and timely intervention to avoid progression to end-stage renal disease is imperative

A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes of yam farms in Awka-North local government area, Anambra state, Nigeria.

Objective: Soil-inhabiting plant parasitic nematodes of yam were investigated in yam fields in Awka-North Local Government Area of Anambra state, Nigeria.Methodology and Results: Three farmlands each were randomly selected for sampling from the seven communities that make up the study area. Five yam plants were also randomly selected from each farm for sampling. Soil samples around the roots of each plant were collected using a hand trowel at a depth of 15- 30 cm. The relative percentage composition of nematodes in soils and yam tubers from each of the sampled communities (in 10mL of extract suspension) was determined at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan. The results showed that Pratylenchus sp. 140 (40.60%) were the most prevalent species in the soil samples followed by Meloidogyne sp. 95 (27.54%), Scutellonema sp. 50 (14.50%), Helicotylenchus spp. 25 (7.25%), Criconema sp. 20 (5.80%), Radopholus sp. 10 (2.90%) and cysts of Heterodera sp. being the least prevalent with prevalence rate of 5 (1.45%). Similarly, out of the 180 plant parasitic nematodes recovered from the yam tubers, 130 (72.22%) were Pratylenchus spp., 40 (22.24%) were Scutellonema spp., 5 each (2.78%) were Meloidogyne spp. and Radopholus spp. respectively. However, Helicotylenchus spp., Criconema spp. and cyst nematodes were not encountered in yam tuber samples. Amansea and Isuaniocha had the highest level of both soil and yam parasitic nematode infestation, although difference with respect to percentage composition of nematodes in the samples and the communities were not significantly different (P>0.05). However, there was a significant difference (P< 0.05) between the number of nematode genera encountered in the soil and tuber samples.Conclusion and application of results: The presence of these parasitic nematodes in the study area suggests that they can be important pathogens of yams although their presence has usually been neglected. The presence of these plant parasitic nematodes could constitute serious impediments to the growth and yield of yams in Awka-North L.G.A.Key Words: Soil nematodes, Meloidogyne, Helicotylenchus, Dioscorea spp

A 3-D MODEL OF AN INSTITUTIONAL LOCATION NAVIGATION SYSTEM (NAVILOC) (A CASE STUDY OF COVENANT UNIVERSITY)

Covenant University location navigation system (CU Naviloc) built on the Android platform is a mobile based system which can be easily accessed from an android mobile device across any location, downloadable on Google play store and deployable anywhere in the world. In this study,Computer-aided design as well as building Information modelling (CAD/BIM) system applications were introduced to the simulation of Covenant University, a smart and compact campus whose edifice elaborates the need for the development of a three dimensional (3D) virtual model of locations as an advancement over the existing 2D model representation of maps on the Google map and Google Earth platform. Therefore, this research work outlays the development of three dimensional models (CU NAViLoc Model) for details of information at Covenant University as well as the requirements for its development and implementation for cooperate representation of the institution. A three dimensional map of CU was packaged into a location navigation system and was implemented using Unreal Engine, Trimble SketchUp and Revit to effect a user friendly, smarter and multi-dimensional viewable user interface. CU Naviloc explore the advantage of the rich benefits of building information models and geographic information systems to build a free-roam navigator, based on a well-updated model of Covenant University location map. The benefits of this system is not limited to 3D capability, real time similarity, portability, no downtime on access, and progressive scalability with zero or little loss of data. The usage of the CU Naviloc system requires free download and installation of the app and internet presence

A 3-D MODEL OF AN INSTITUTIONAL LOCATION NAVIGATION SYSTEM (NAVILOC) (A CASE STUDY OF COVENANT UNIVERSITY)

Covenant University location navigation system (CU Naviloc) built on the Android platform is a mobile based system which can be easily accessed from an android mobile device across any location, downloadable on Google play store and deployable anywhere in the world. In this study,Computer-aided design as well as building Information modelling (CAD/BIM) system applications were introduced to the simulation of Covenant University, a smart and compact campus whose edifice elaborates the need for the development of a three dimensional (3D) virtual model of locations as an advancement over the existing 2D model representation of maps on the Google map and Google Earth platform. Therefore, this research work outlays the development of three dimensional models (CU NAViLoc Model) for details of information at Covenant University as well as the requirements for its development and implementation for cooperate representation of the institution. A three dimensional map of CU was packaged into a location navigation system and was implemented using Unreal Engine, Trimble SketchUp and Revit to effect a user friendly, smarter and multi-dimensional viewable user interface. CU Naviloc explore the advantage of the rich benefits of building information models and geographic information systems to build a free-roam navigator, based on a well-updated model of Covenant University location map. The benefits of this system is not limited to 3D capability, real time similarity, portability, no downtime on access, and progressive scalability with zero or little loss of data. The usage of the CU Naviloc system requires free download and installation of the app and internet presence