Comparative study on proximate, phytochemicals and mineral components of different parts of Parkia biglobosa (pod, seed, and leaf)

A study was conducted to assess the proximate composition, phytochemicals, and mineral components of the pod, leaf, and seed of the Parkia biglobosa (P. biglobosa) tree, with the aim of determining their suitability as animal feed resources. The findings revealed that the seed exhibited significantly higher (P < 0.05) levels of crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) compared to the leaf and pod. Specifically, the seed recorded the highest values (P < 0.05) for CP (15.31±0.03) and EE (13.23±0.04), while the pod displayed the lowest values of 3.91±0.12 and 0.89±0.04 for CP and EE, respectively. The pod registered the highest values (P < 0.05) for crude fiber (CF) and nitrogen-free extract (NFE) with respective values of 8.85±0.1 and 75.14±0.11. Conversely, the leaf exhibited the highest (P < 0.05) ash content, while the seed had the lowest ash value (1.99±0.04). In the mineral analysis, the seed and pod had the highest values (P < 0.05) for calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P), respectively. Phytochemical screening esults indicated that the pod contained the highest values (P < 0.05) of alkaloid (19.06±0.09) and tannin (10.97±0.08), while the leaf showed the highest values (P < 0.05) for saponin (34.20±0.25) and hydrocyanic acid (HCN) (2.22±0.30). The overall conclusion drawn from this study suggests that all three parts of P. biglobosa (seed, pod, and leaf) have the potential to serve as alternative feed resources for livestock

The Effect of Interest and Non-Interest Income on the Profitability of Banks in Nigeria

International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews, Vol 5, no 2, pp 317-322 February 2024 International Journal of Research Publication and Reviews Journal homepage: www.ijrpr.com ISSN 2582-7421 The Effect of Interest and Non-Interest Income on the Profitability of Banks in Nigeria 1Obadiaru Eseosa David, 2Ogunyemi Ayobami Elizabeth Department of Accounting, College of Business and Social Sciences, Landmark University, Omu-Aran, Nigeria ABSTRACT The study focuses on the analysis on the impact of interest and non-interest income on profitability of Money deposit banks in Nigeria. Secondary data was used for the study and were gotten from annual reports of the selected banks. The study spans a period of 12 years from 2010-2021. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. generalized linear model (GLM) were used in testing these hypotheses. The findings of the study include that there is a significant relationship between interest income and profitability and an insignificant relationship between non-interest income and profitability. The study recommends that banks should make policies that will attract both interest and non-interest income to the banking industry in Nigeri

Impact of solid state fermented cassava stump and leaves on the production and egg quality of laying chickens

A 12-week experiment was conducted to assess the effects of replacing maize with graded levels of enhanced cassava stump (ECS) on the egg productivity and quality of chickens. Cassava leaves and stumps were fermented with the aid of Aspergillus niger (ATCC 16404) in solid state at room temperature (28.5oC) for 96 and 192 hours, respectively. Thereafter the fermented cassava stump was fortified with 5% fermented cassava leaves to make ECS. Four layer diets were formulated by replacing maize with ECS at 0, 20, 40 and 60% levels. The result showed that the proximate values of the cassava stump were enhanced by fermentation with 195.63, 59.17 and 118.33% increment in crude protein, ether extract and ash respectively. The egg production and quality were influenced (P 0.05) in the control group and diet that contained 40% ECS. The cost of feed decreased as the ECS increased in the diets. The eggshell index improved as ECS level increased in the diets, while the highest Haugh unit (HU) was observed in the diet containing 60% ECS. It was concluded that though the replacement of maize up to 60% by ECS gave better egg quality and economic benefit but for optimum performance, 40% ECS is recommended

INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF AN UNDERDEVELOPED FINANCIAL SECTOR ON NON-OIL EXPORT IN NIGERIA

Several policies have been implemented in Nigeria to shift the export trade from oil to non-oil goods; yet the share of non-oil export in total exports remains very small compared to oil export, which may be due to the low level of financial sector development in the country. Unlike previous studies on Nigeria that focused exclusively on financial sector development and aggregate export (combined exports of oil and non-oil goods), this study concentrates on financial sector development and non-oil export using an autoregressive distributed lag technique, the dynamic ordinary least squares technique, and the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag technique over the period 1986–2020. The empirical results showed that the relationship between financial sector development and non-oil export is linear. Results also showed that, in the short term, the country’s level of financial sector development worsens exports of non-oil products. However, in the long term, there is no connection between non-oil export and financial sector development, which challenges the theoretical view that trade and financial sector development are linked at any given time period. The study recommends that the government and policymakers in Nigeria should make sure that the financial sector is sufficiently developed, otherwise the goal to diversify the export base may not be achieved

The impact of tax revenue on economic growth in Nigeria

This research aimed to investigate the influence of tax revenue on Nigeria's economic growth over a three-decade period spanning from 1991 to 2021. The tax data was collected from the Federal Internal Revenue Service (FIRS) and the Nigerian Bureau of Statistics (NBS), while economic data for Nigeria was sourced from the 2021 Statistical Bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The study utilized personal income tax (PIT), corporate income tax (CIT), and value-added tax (VAT) as proxies for tax revenue, with gross domestic product (GDP) serving as the dependent variable to represent the Nigerian economy. Several diagnostic tests were conducted, including a descriptive statistic to assess data normality and the Augmented Dickey-Fuller unit root test to evaluate data stability. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique was employed as the statistical tool for data analysis, utilizing E-View version 9 as the statistical package. The findings from the ARDL test revealed that personal income tax (PIT) and value-added tax (VAT) had a negative impact on GDP, while company income tax (CIT) showed a positive impact. As a result, the study concluded that tax revenue exhibits a positive and significant correlation with the growth of the Nigerian economy. The study suggests that governments and relevant tax authorities should focus on increasing taxes as a revenue source and target sectors that drive economic growth

ASSESSMENT OF Parkia biglobosa LEAF MEAL AS A PARTIAL REPLACEMENT FOR SOYBEAN MEAL IN BROILER CHICKEN DIETS

A six-week study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Parkia biglobosa leaf meal (PBLM) as a partial substitute for soybean meal in broiler chicken diets. A total of 120-day-old broiler chicks were allocated to four dietary treatments, each comprising 30 chicks, based on weight equalization. The study employed a completely randomized design with three replicates. Four diets were formulated, designated as diet 1 (0% PBLM - control), diet 2 (5% PBLM), diet 3 (10% PBLM), and diet 4 (15% PBLM). The growth performance parameters were significantly affected (P 0.05) among the treatment groups, although numerically higher were observed with increasing levels of PBLM in the diets. Liver function indicators were notably affected (P < 0.05) by the inclusion of leaf meal, showing improved values in chicks fed diets containing PBLM. With the exception of the 5% PBLM group, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels progressively decreased with increasing levels of PBLM in the diets, while the opposite trend was observed in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) values. The study suggests that PBLM can serve as an alternative protein source in broiler chicken diets, particularly at a low level of inclusion (5%), without compromising the performance and health of the birds

Nigeria’s Volatile Oil Revenue: Is There a Cause for Concern?

This study, unlike previous studies, investigates the impact of volatile oil revenue on economic growth in Nigeria from 1986 to 2020. The study adopts the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag technique (ARDL) to analyze the data. The results show that in the short-run, oil revenue volatility significantly depressed economic growth. In the long-run, however, oil revenue volatility improves economic growth in the country. The study therefore recommends that governments and policymakers in Nigeria should vigorously pursue policies that would reduce the reliance on oil revenue through greater economic diversification; otherwise economic growth may worsen in the short-run

Optimization Study of Eggshell Extract as Inhibitor of Mild Steel Corrosion in a 30 wt% NaCl Solution

Corrosion is a major challenge faced in industries, which has to be addressed by using inhibitors. The aim of this study was to investigate ESE as CI of MS in a 30 wt% NaCl solution. ESE was subjected to Pc analysis, to identify the presence of active ingredients that would create a good CI. CI of ESE at different C was investigated using WL, PDP, SEM, FTIR and EDXS techniques, to characterize MS samples. The best process level from the experimental design was observed at T of 24.4 ºC, IT of 6 days and ESE C of 0.4 g/L, with IE(%) of 95.5%. The presence of metabolites in ESE was confirmed by Pc analysis, which suggested the extract was a good CI. Results from PDP and WL techniques were in good agreement. SEM, FTIR and EDS data revealed that the optimal procedure level produced a stronger protective film on the MS surface. It was concluded that ESE acted as a good and environmentally friendly CI

Effects of palm kernel cake supplement on fatty acid profile and milk composition of lactating wad goats fed grass silage

The scarcity of quality feed and cost-effective supplements necessitates verifiable concentrate as a supplement for goat milk production. Palm Kernel Cake (PKC), an oil palm by-product rich in protein and energy, gradually replaced Prepared Concentrate (PC) in this study. This replacement's impact on milk composition and fatty acid profile in lactating WAD goats fed grass silage basal diet was assessed. Five supplement concentrates with varying PC: PKC ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, 0:100) were fed to 25 lactating WAD goats in a randomized setting of 5 animals per group. The replacement significantly affected (p<0.05) milk fat, protein, specific gravity, ash, and fat-corrected milk. The highest milk fat (2.17%) came from 100% PKC supplementation, while the lowest (0.77%) came from 25% PKC. Total solid fat values were not significantly affected. Fat Corrected Milk results mirrored the milk fat trend. The 100% PKC group had the highest crude protein (8.22%), while 25% and 75%PKC were not different (p<0.05). Fatty acid profile, expressed as total Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs) g/kg, showed increased medium and long-chain fatty acids as PC was replaced. In conclusion, 100% PKC supplementation enhanced milk fat, while 50% PC replacement increased long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in goat mil