2 research outputs found
Malaria and HIV co-infection and their effect on haemoglobin levels from three healthcare institutions in Lagos, southwest Nigeria
Background: Malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are two
major infections with enormous public health consequence. Together,
they are endemic in many developing countries with anaemia being the
most frequent haematological consequence of the infections. Objective:
To determine the prevalence of malaria and HIV co-infection as well as
anaemia among selected patients from three health-care institutions in
Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1080 patients was
carried out to determine the prevalence of malaria and HIV co-infection
as well as anaemia. Blood sera from each of the patients were screened
for malaria parasites, HIV-1 and HIV-2 using Giemsa stain, Cambridge
Biotech Recombigen HIV-1/HIV-2 rapid device, respectively while
haemoglobin estimation was performed using cyanmethemoglobin method.
Results: Our data showed that the total number of malaria infected
patients were significantly higher in HIV sero-positive patients 47.7%
(31/65) when compared with their HIV sero-negative counterparts 25.8%
(262/1015) P = 0.047. The result also revealed that 25.8% (8/31) of the
patients co-infected with malaria and HIV had anaemia as compared to
11.1% (29/262) infected with malaria alone. Multivariable logistic
regression analysis showed that patients with dual infection of malaria
and HIV were twice likely to be anaemic than those infected with
malaria alone [adjusted OR 2.4, 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.7,P = 0.014].
Conclusion: Our data indicated a higher prevalence of malaria in HIV
infected patients and also revealed that patients coinfected with
malaria and HIV were more likely to be anaemic