Differential clinical effects of chlorhexidine gels on patients undergoing orthodontic treatment

OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND This study aims to evaluate and compare the clinical effects on gingival inflammation and plaque control using 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate gel with 0.1% chlorhexidine digluconate gel in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty six patients aged between 20 and 30 years receiving fixed appliance orthodontic treatment in private practice, were selected for this study. Patients were split in two groups. The first group received a subgingival application of 10 ml 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate gel (Glucosite, Cerkamed). Subjects in the second group received a subgingival application of 10 ml 0.1% chlorhexidine digluconate gel (RxPerioflush, Dental Life Sciences). RESULTS The results of the present study seem to support the results of previous scientific studies where chlorhexidine gluconate was used in a similar population CONCLUSIONS Within the limits of this study, we showed that usage of chlorhexidine gels in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment reduce PI, GI and BOP and PD, but no significant difference was observed, except for the initial phase of the inflammatory process concerning the gingival tissue. REFERENCES 1. 1 Fiore JP, Ishikuwa So, Kim DM. Gingival inflamation. In: Newman MG, Takel HH, Klokkeuold PR. Carranza’s clinical periodontology, Missouri. Linda Duncan. 2006. p. 389-396. 2. Lindhe J. Textbook of clinical periodontology 2nd ed., Copenhagen: Munksgaard. 1989. p. 234- 236. 3. Zachrisson S, Zachrisson BU. Gingival condition associated with orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod. 1972. p. 26–34

The indications of polyethylene in the orthodontic field

OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND Our study aims to find multiple applications of the PETG foils in the orthodontic field and to evaluate the efficiency of aligner foils regarding strain values among different thickness categories. MATERIALS AND METHODS In office set-ups were fabricated for different orthodontic malocclusions. PETG foils, multi-layer foils, Clear Aligner expansion screws and acrylic components were used for the manufacturing of invisible appliances. Foil thickness and heat behavior, strain values, using special strain gauges and esthetics were taken into account. A 4 week recall was scheduled in order to observe the treatment progress regarding PETG appliances. Measurements were performed to determine to optimal foil thickness. RESULTS Dental alignment and expansion were observed in all cases. Regarding behavior to heat, the 1 mm foil presented only a small reduction in thickness compared to other foils and the strain values seem to be higher for the thinner aligners. CONCLUSIONS The orthodontic appliances made out of polyethylene provide good results due to rigidity and dimensional stability. We are still conducting continuous research in this area in order to obtain further data. Graphical abstract: The thermoplastic aligner with a Clear Aligner screw for dental expansion (an in-office set-up was used for the manufacturing of the aligner) REFERENCES 1.Thukral R., Gupta A. Invisalign: Invisible Orthodontic Treatment- A Review. Journal of Advanced Medical and Dental Sciences Research. 2015;3:42-44 2. Hyo WA. A new type of clear orthodontic retainer incorporating multi-layer hybrid materials. Korean J Orthod. 2015;45: 268–272. 3. Szuhanek C, Grigore A, Fleser T. The applications of thermoplastic materials in the fabrication of orthodontic aligners. Materiale plastic. 2015;52:385- 387

Microbiological aspects in periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus

Background and Aims. Scientists are constantly showing a high interest for the relationship between Periodontal Disease (PD) and Diabetes Mellitus (DM). PD, “the sixth complication” of DM is recognized to be a chronic gram-negative anaerobic infectious disease. This paper is aimed at reviewing and evaluating the correlations between PD and DM from a microbiological point of view. Treatment implications of PD’s management as an important component of DM care is reviewed in the light of microbiological current knowledge. Materials and Methods. Microbiological studies and clinical trials were selected from medical and dental journals, and studied thoroughly. Results. Plaque biofilm and prolonged hyperglycemia increase the risk of PD development in DM. These two features determine inflammatory reactions that end-up in tissue destruction and impaired healing responses. Few pathogens are considered highly prevalent periodontal pathogens, with destructive actions. Studies have shown that metabolic balance or lack of balance determines bacterial variations in diabetic patients with PD. Other results demonstrate the importance of microbial tests (especially PCR techniques) as indicators for healing or disease progression. Conclusions. There aren’t many studies assessing the relationship between PD and DM from microbiological points of view. In light of increasing evidence, larger interventional studies are neede

THE TRICLOSAN -PVM/MA COPOLYMER COMBINATION AND PERIODONTITIS. DATA FROM A CONSENSUS REPORT -PART II

REZUMAT Triclosanul este unul din agentii antimicrobieni ai cavitatii bucale cei mai cercetati astazi. O conferinta de consens desfasurata la Hilton Athenee Palace Bucuresti in 15 februarie 2008 in organizarea Colgate-Palmolive Romania, a reunit concluziile unor lideri de opinie in sanatate orala din Romania privitoare la aplicabilitatea triclosanului in medicina dentara si tehnologia triclosan-copolimer PVM/MA. Articolul reda datele prezentate in cadrul conferintei de consens privind valoarea triclosanului ca agent terapeutic in boala parodontala. Cu referire la asocierea triclosan -copolimer PVM/MA şi parodontita, concluzia desprinsa este ca literatura reuneşte o serie de dovezi care confirmă interesul pentru includerea asocierii triclosan -copolimer PVM/MA în tratamentul bolii parodontale. Cu toate acestea, câmpul studiilor paralele cu paste de dinţi sau geluri continând alţi agenţi antimicrobieni este actualmente restrâns în literatura de specialitate, necesitând o cercetare mai aprofundata, mai ales în direcţia corelării rezultatelor obţinute in vitro cu cele in vivo. Cuvinte cheie: Triclosan, parodontita, pastă de dinți, Colgate Total ® ABSTRACT Triclosan is currently one of the most researched antimicrobial agents of the oral cavity. A consensus meeting organized by Colgate-Palmolive Romania took place on 15 February 2008 at Athenee Palace Hilton Bucharest to reunite the conclusions of Romanian opinion leaders regarding the applicability of triclosan in dental medicine and the triclosan-PVM/MA copolymer technology. The article reflects the data issued by the consensus meeting regarding the value of triclosan as therapeutic agent of the periodontal disease. With respect to the triclosan -PVM/MA copolymer combination and periodontitis, the literature contains lots of evidence confirming the interest to include the triclosan -PVM/MA copolymer combination in periodontal disease therapy. However, the field of parallel studies using toothpastes or gels containing other antimicrobial agents is nowadays limited. A more extended research is necessary, especially concerning the correlation of in vitro with the in vivo data

Evidence-based care and the curriculum

An evidence-based (EB) approach has been a significant driver in reforming healthcare over the past two decades. This change has extended across a broad range of health professions, including oral healthcare. A key element in achieving an EB approach to oral healthcare is educating our practitioners, both current and future. This involves providing opportunities integrated within simulated and actual clinical settings for practitioners to learn and apply the principles and processes of evidence-based oral healthcare (EBOHC). Therefore, the focus of this discussion will be on ways in which EBOHC and associated research activities can be implemented into curricula, with the aim of improving patient care. This paper will initially define the scope of EBOHC and research, what these involve, why they are important, and issues that we need to manage when implementing EBOHC. This will be followed by a discussion of factors that enable successful implementation of EBOHC and research into curricula. The paper concludes with suggestions on the future of EBOHC and research in curricula. Key recommendations related to curricula include strengthening of the culture of a scientific approach to education and oral healthcare provision; complete integration of EBOHC into the curriculum at all levels; and faculty development to implement EBOHC based on their needs and evidence of effective approaches. Key recommendations to support implementation and maintenance of EBOHC include recognition and funding for high-quality systematic reviews and development of associated methodologies relevant for global environments; building global capacity of EBOHC researchers; research into improving translation of effective interventions into education and healthcare practice, including patient-reported outcomes, safety and harms, understanding and incorporation of patient values into EB decision-making, economic evaluation research specific to oral healthcare and effective methods for changing practitioner (faculty) behaviours; and extend access to synthesized research in 'user friendly' formats and languages tailored to meet users' needs. Realizing these recommendations may help to improve access to effective healthcare as a basic human right