Interdisciplinary Management of an Adult Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Patient with Excessive Incisor Display - A Case Report

This case report shows a successful orthodontic treatment of an operated adult bilateral cleft lip and palate subject with short upper lip and excessive incisor display. The patient underwent cleft lip repair at an early age of 2.5 years, followed by palatoplasty at the age of 21 years. She presented with malaligned teeth, inability to close the lips, excessive upper incisor display, and difficulty in speech. She was treated with upper and lower arch alignment and intrusion of the upper incisors, followed by prosthetic replacement of the missing right lateral incisor and left lateral incisor and canine. Normal dental occlusion was achieved using orthodontic procedures, followed by prosthodontic rehabilitation that resulted in significant improvement in facial aesthetics and psychosocial benefit to the individual

Accidental Swallowing of a Molar Band

Accidental ingestion or aspiration of foreign bodies is considered as a medical emergency in dentistry. Despite their rare occurrence, accidental ingestions are associated with various complications and morbidity, thereby necessitating prevention of their incidence along with early and effective management. Herein, we report a case of accidental swallowing of an orthodontic molar band in a patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate and its management

Innovative biomechanics for orthodontic correction of torsiversion of maxillary central incisor caused by twin mesiodens

Mesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary teeth found in the premaxilla between the two central incisors. Early and proper diagnosis and appropriate treatment plan is critical in eluding the extent of treatment needed. This case report presents the successful orthodontic and esthetic management of an unusual case of Indian origin with twin mesiodens in the maxillary arch causing torsiversion and attrition of mandibular incisors due to occlusal trauma

Physical properties of root cementum : Part 6. A comparative quantitative analysis of the mineral composition of human premolar cementum after the application of orthodontic forces

Introduction: The aim of this study was to examine quantitatively with electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) the calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and fluoride (F) concentrations in human first premolar cementum after the application of light and heavy orthodontic forces. Methods: Thirty-six maxillary and mandibular first premolars (18 experimental, 18 control) were extracted from 16 subjects (10 male, 6 female; mean age, 13.9 years; range, 11.7-16.1 years) who were randomly assigned to the light-force or the heavy-force group. In the light-force group, 25 g of buccally directed force was applied to the experimental premolar; in the heavy-force group, 225 g of buccally directed force was applied to the experimental premolar. The contralateral premolar served as the control. The experimental and control premolars were extracted 28 or 29 days after initial force application and prepared for EPMA. The Ca, P, and F concentrations were measured on the buccal and lingual surfaces at the midpoint of the cervical, middle, and apical thirds of the root from the outer to the middle to the inner third of the cementum. Results: Little change was found in the mineral composition of cementum after the application of light forces; however, there was a trend toward an increase in the mineral composition (Ca, P, and F) of cementum at various areas of periodontal ligament compression. The application of heavy forces caused a significant (P = .000) decrease in the Ca concentration of cementum at certain areas of periodontal ligament tension. The application of both light and heavy orthodontic forces did not appear to influence the F concentrations in cementum. Conclusions: Heavy orthodontic forces cause alterations in the mineral content of cementum; light forces cause little change.10 page(s

Biomarkers in Body Fluids as Indicators of Skeletal Maturity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objectives: This review aimed to critically appraise the evidence for biomarkers in blood serum, gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and urine in comparison with standard radiographic indices for skeletal maturation assessment. Materials and Methods: A thorough literature search in multiple databases was conducted for biomarkers in body fluids for skeletal maturation assessed with cervical vertebrae in lateral cephalograms or on hand-wrist radiographs. Different combinations including free text, MeSH terms, and Boolean operators were used. Two researchers used strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to screen title, abstract, and full text, and used the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS)-2 instrument for risk of bias assessment of individual studies. Meta-analysis was performed on eligible studies using RevMan 5 software. Results: A total of 344 articles were screened, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria and quality assessment. The skeletal maturity indicators included insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), vitamin D binding protein (DBP), parathormone-related protein (PTHrP), osteocalcin, metalloproteins, and serotransferrin (TF) along with different metabolites. At puberty, a significant rise was seen in IGF-1, DBP, ALP, osteocalcin, TF, and BALP. However, the serum DHEAS and PTHrP increased from pre-pubertal to post-pubertal stages. Due to the data heterogeneity, a meta-analysis could be performed on seven studies in total on IGF-1 in serum and blood. Of these, five were included for data in males and six in females, and four studies on IGF-1 in serum and blood. A significant difference in IGF-1 levels was seen between stages of peak pubertal growth spurt (CS3 and CS4) and decelerating pubertal growth (CS5) compared with growth initiation stage (CS2). Conclusions: Pubertal growth spurts were correlated with peak serum IGF-1 and BALP in both sexes individually. Peak ALP levels in GCF were correlated with the pubertal spurt in a combined sample of males and females. Standard biofluid collection protocols and homogeneity in sampling and methodology are strongly recommended for future research