Antibiotic usage pattern in selected poultry farms in Ogun state

A survey was conducted from March 2011 to July 2011 on antibiotic usage pattern in selected poultry farms in Ogun State. Using a well-structured questionnaire, a total of 58 poultry farms were randomly surveyed from the four geo-political zones of Ogun State. All the 58 (100%) poultry farms used one or more antibiotics. Antibiotics were commonly administered either for therapy (36.2%), prophylaxis (29.3%), or both (32.8%) and to lesser extent for growth promotion (6.9%). While NeocerylR (a commercially prepared broad spectrum antibiotics consisting of neomycin, erythromycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin and colistin), Enrofloxacin and Furazolidone were the commonest antibiotics used in the study area. Fluoroquinolones were the class of antibiotics commonly used. Thirty-three different patterns of antibiotic usage were observed among the poultry farms, 70.7% multi-drug usage practices (MDUP) was also observed among the poultry farms. In this study, 50% of poultry farmers have their antibiotics prescribed by veterinary doctors while 91.4% acquired antibiotics from veterinary stores. This study has provided information on commonly used antibiotics and reasons for their use in the study location. It is anticipated that the findings of this survey will contribute to the development of strategies for prudent use of antibiotics in poultry farms.Keywords: Antibiotics, Antibiotic usage pattern, Ogun State, Poultry farms, Surve

Prevalence and economic loss of bovine tuberculosis in a municipal abattoir, Abeokuta Southwestern Nigeria

A 12 month cross-sectional study was carried out at Lafenwa Abattoir Abeokuta, Southwestern Nigeria from July, 2011 to June, 2012. This was to determine the prevalence and economic loss of bovine tuberculosis in this abattoir. A total of 928 cases of bovine tuberculosis out of 52,273 cattle slaughtered during this period were condemned, representing a total prevalence of 1.78% (95% CI: 1.31- 2.14%). Typical tuberculous lesions were found in the Lung, Liver and Spleen, higher rate of organ condemnation was observed in the lung followed by liver and spleen. There was statistically significant difference in rate of organ condemnation (P<0.05). The monthly prevalence and sequence plot revealed an epidemic tendency for bovine tuberculosis during this period and there was statistically significant difference between prevalence of bovine tuberculosis and seasonal occurrence. An estimated total loss of N1.2 million (US$7,367) due to bovine tuberculosis was observed in this abattoir for the year. It was concluded that bovine tuberculosis is prevalent with epidemic tendency in cattle destined for human consumption, also with attending serious public health implications and huge loss to both the butchers and national economy.Keywords: Bovine tuberculosis, Prevalence, Economic loss, Lafenwa abattoi

Time series analysis and public health implications of suspected bovine tuberculosis in cattle slaughtered in Lafenwa municipal abattoir, Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria – 2004-2012

Bovine tuberculosis is a major zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution, especially in developing countries like Nigeria, where the disease is endemic with no concrete eradication programme. The study was conducted to investigate the magnitude, seasonality and trend of meat rejection resulting from suspected cases of bovine tuberculosis in slaughtered cattle in Lafenwa municipal abattoir , Abeokuta, South-western Nigeria over a period of nine years using time series analysis and also, to discuss the public health implications. This is with a view that, decision making and policies can be made to control and/or eradicate this disease. Seasonal pattern with more cases during the dry season than wet season was observed while an increasing long term secular trend of cases of rejection is also predicted in the long run if there is no proven control program in place. This study further reinforced the fact that bovine tuberculosis is endemic in Nigeria and is seasonally connected.Key words: Suspected cases, bovine tuberculosis, Abattoir, time series analysis, Retrospective study, public health implication