18,532 research outputs found
Statics and Dynamics of Vortex Liquid Crystals
Using numerical simulations we examine the static and dynamic properties of
the recently proposed vortex liquid crystal state. We confirm the existence of
a smectic-A phase in the absence of pinning. Quenched disorder can induce a
smectic state even at T=0. When an external drive is applied, a variety of
anisotropic dynamical flow states with distinct voltage signatures occur,
including elastic depinning in the hard direction and plastic depinning in the
easy direction. We discuss the implications of the anisotropic transport for
other systems which exhibit depinning phenomena, such as stripes and electron
liquid crystals.Comment: 4 pages, 4 postscript figure
Remote sensing of changes in morphology and physiology of trees under stress Annual progress report
Remote sensing of morphological and physiological changes in trees under stres
Jamming in Systems With Quenched Disorder
We numerically study the effect of adding quenched disorder in the form of
randomly placed pinning sites on jamming transitions in systems that jam at a
well defined point J in the clean limit. Quenched disorder decreases the
jamming density and introduces a depinning threshold. The onset of a finite
threshold coincides with point J at the lowest pinning densities, but for
higher pinning densities there is always a finite threshold even well below
jamming. We find that proximity to point J strongly affects the transport
curves and noise fluctuations, and observe a change from plastic behavior below
jamming, where the system is highly heterogeneous, to elastic depinning above
jamming. Many of the general features we find are related to other systems
containing quenched disorder, including the peak effect observed in vortex
systems.Comment: 5 pages, 4 postscript figure
Separator development for a heat sterilizable battery Final summary progress report supplement, 12 Jul. 1967 - 12 Jun. 1968
Ligand-containing polymer films developed for heat sterilizable silver oxide - zinc cell
Study of an attitude reference system utilizing an electrically suspended gyro final report, 1 aug. 1964 - 31 mar. 1965
Miniature electrically suspended gyroscope for spacecraft attitude reference syste
Leading-edge slat optimization for maximum airfoil lift
A numerical procedure for determining the position (horizontal location, vertical location, and deflection) of a leading edge slat that maximizes the lift of multielement airfoils is presented. The structure of the flow field is calculated by iteratively coupling potential flow and boundary layer analysis. This aerodynamic calculation is combined with a constrained function minimization analysis to determine the position of a leading edge slat so that the suction peak on the nose of the main airfoil is minized. The slat position is constrained by the numerical procedure to ensure an attached boundary layer on the upper surface of the slat and to ensure negligible interaction between the slat wake and the boundary layer on the upper surface of the main airfoil. The highest angle attack at which this optimized slat position can maintain attached flow on the main airfoil defines the optimum slat position for maximum lift. The design method is demonstrated for an airfoil equipped with a leading-edge slat and a trailing edge, single-slotted flap. The theoretical results are compared with experimental data, obtained in the Ames 40 by 80 Foot Wind Tunnel, to verify experimentally the predicted slat position for maximum lift. The experimentally optimized slat position is in good agreement with the theoretical prediction, indicating that the theoretical procedure is a feasible design method
Remote sensing of changes in morphology and physiology of trees under stress
Measurements on foliage samples collected from several drought and salt treated plants revealed that leaf thickness decreased with increasing severity of the drought treatment and increased with increasing severity of treatment with NaCl, but remained essentially unaffected by treatment with CaCl2. Airborne data collected by multispectral scanner indicated that false color images provide selective enhancement of a diseased area. Comparison of simulated and actual aerial color and color IR photography revealed that the color renditions of the MSS simulations agreed closely with those of the actual photography
Remote sensing applications in forestry - Remote sensing of changes in morphology and physiology of trees under stress Annual progress report
Remote sensing of changes in morphology and physiology of trees under stres
A study of waves in the earth's bow shock
The perturbation vectors of waves up and downstream from the region of maximum compression in the bow shock were examined on OGO-5 under particularly steady solar wind conditions. The polarization of the upstream waves was RH, circular and of the downstream waves LH, elliptical in the spacecraft frame. By observing that the polarization of the waves remained unchanged as the shock motion swept the wave structure back and forth across the satellite three times in eight minutes, it was found that the waves were not stationary in the shock frame. A study of the methods of determining the shock normal indicates that the normal estimated from a shock model should be superior to one based upon magnetic coplanarity. The propagation vectors of the waves examined did not coincide with the shock model normal, the average magnetic field, or the plasma flow velocity. However, the major axis of the polarization ellipse of the downstream wave was nearly parallel to the upstream propagation vector
Nonlinear dynamics, rectification, and phase locking for particles on symmetrical two-dimensional periodic substrates with dc and circular ac drives
We investigate the dynamical motion of particles on a two-dimensional
symmetric periodic substrate in the presence of both a dc drive along a
symmetry direction of the periodic substrate and an additional circular ac
drive. For large enough ac drives, the particle orbit encircles one or more
potential maxima of the periodic substrate. In this case, when an additional
increasing dc drive is applied in the longitudinal direction, the longitudinal
velocity increases in a series of discrete steps that are integer multiples of
the lattice constant of the substrate times the frequency. Fractional steps can
also occur. These integer and fractional steps correspond to distinct stable
dynamical orbits. A number of these phases also show a rectification in the
positive or negative transverse direction where a non-zero transverse velocity
occurs in the absence of a dc transverse drive. We map out the phase diagrams
of the regions of rectification as a function of ac amplitude, and find a
series of tongues. Most of the features, including the steps in the
longitudinal velocity and the transverse rectification, can be captured with a
simple toy model and by arguments from nonlinear maps. We have also
investigated the effects of thermal disorder and incommensuration on the
rectification phenomena, and find that for increasing disorder, the
rectification regions are gradually smeared and the longitudinal velocity steps
are no longer flat but show a linearly increasing velocity.Comment: 14 pages, 17 postscript figure
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