Antiplatelet, Antithrombotic, and Fibrinolytic Activities of Campomanesia xanthocarpa

In a previous work based on popular belief, Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg., popularly known as “guavirova”, showed to have a potential effect in the control of a number of conditions associated with cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of C. xanthocarpa extract (CXE) on antiplatelet, antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities in mice and in human blood. Mice were treated orally for 5 days with CXE or acetylsalicylic acid and at the end of the treatment period animals were challenged for bleeding, acute thromboembolism and ulcerogenic activity. In addition, we have assessed the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) after oral administration. In in vitro assays, antiplatelet effects of CXE was evaluated on platelet aggregation, and fibrinolytic activity of the extract was observed by mice or human artificial blood clot degradation. Platelet citotoxicity of the extract was also determined by the LDH assay. Results demonstrated that CXE has a significant protective effect on thrombosis. It also inhibits platelet aggregation without demonstrating cytotoxicity on platelets. CXE slightly prolonged aPTT and showed no ulcerogenic activity after oral administration. In addition, CXE showed a fibrinolytic activity. Thus, C. xanthocarpa showed antiplatelet, antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities in mice

Mortalidade por doenças circulatórias e evolução da saúde da família no Brasil: um estudo ecológico

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a mortalidade por doenças circulatórias paralelamente à evolução da Estratégia Saúde da Família no Brasil. Estudo ecológico, retrospectivo, baseado na evolução temporal da ESF e nas taxas de mortalidade por doenças circulatórias no Brasil. Foi realizada uma descrição da razão de cobertura habitante x ESF e dos indicadores de saúde relacionados à mortalidade por doenças circulatórias. Para a associação estatística utilizou-se o teste de Correlação de Spearman. Houve aumento populacional no Brasil em 15%, evolução de 761% no número de ESF e 5% de aumento na mortalidade por doenças circulatórias. A razão população x ESF passou de 52.838 (1998) para 7.084 (2006) pessoas assistidas por ESF. As regiões norte e nordeste apresentaram crescimento nas taxas de mortalidade por doenças circulatórias e em 21 (81%) estados houve correlação positiva entre mortalidade por doenças circulatórias e ESF (r: &gt; 0,7; p < 0,01). Por fim, considera-se a ESF uma importante política pública de saúde, tendo obtido resultados exitosos no Brasil desde a sua implementação. Entretanto, em um contexto geral, sua expansão não influenciou a redução da mortalidade por doenças circulatórias, tendo apresentado aumento deste indicador no país

Adiponectin promoter polymorphisms are predictors of lipid profile improvement after bariatric surgery

Abstract Our aim was to investigate if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the 5′ regions of leptin (LEP, -2548 G > A, rs7799039), resistin (RETN, -420 C > G, rs1862513) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ, -11391 G > A, rs17300539 and -11377 C > G, rs266729) genes were related to changes in body mass index (BMI) and metabolic variables after bariatric surgery in 60 extremely obese individuals. At baseline, ADIPOQ -11391 A-allele carriers showed higher plasma adiponectin and lower total cholesterol levels when compared to G/G homozygotes. Approximately 32 months post-surgery, a mean reduction of 35% in BMI and an important improvement in metabolic profiles were observed. In addition, for the ADIPOQ -11377 polymorphism, a higher decrease in lipid profile was associated to the C/C genotype. Moreover, individuals bearing the A-C haplotype for the two ADIPOQ SNPs were more prone to show a reduction in low-density lipoprotein levels after bariatric surgery (-43.0% A-C carriers vs. -18.1% G-G carriers, p = 0.019). We did not find any association of leptin and resistin SNPs with the clinical parameters analyzed. In summary, our results indicate that the A-C haplotype is a predictor of better lipid profile post-surgery and the studied SNPs in ADIPOQ gene are associated to changes in metabolic variables in obese individuals

Antiplatelet, Antithrombotic, and Fibrinolytic Activities of Campomanesia xanthocarpa

In a previous work based on popular belief, Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg., popularly known as &quot;guavirova&quot;, showed to have a potential effect in the control of a number of conditions associated with cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the present work was to investigate the effects of C. xanthocarpa extract (CXE) on antiplatelet, antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities in mice and in human blood. Mice were treated orally for 5 days with CXE or acetylsalicylic acid and at the end of the treatment period animals were challenged for bleeding, acute thromboembolism and ulcerogenic activity. In addition, we have assessed the prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) after oral administration. In in vitro assays, antiplatelet effects of CXE was evaluated on platelet aggregation, and fibrinolytic activity of the extract was observed by mice or human artificial blood clot degradation. Platelet citotoxicity of the extract was also determined by the LDH assay. Results demonstrated that CXE has a significant protective effect on thrombosis. It also inhibits platelet aggregation without demonstrating cytotoxicity on platelets. CXE slightly prolonged aPTT and showed no ulcerogenic activity after oral administration. In addition, CXE showed a fibrinolytic activity. Thus, C. xanthocarpa showed antiplatelet, antithrombotic and fibrinolytic activities in mice