Age structure of yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis Melchior, 1834) in two samples obtained from live traps and owl pellets

The age structure of yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis Melchior 1834) has been analyzed in individuals obtained by two methods: Trapping with Sherman live traps and obtainment of skulls from long-eared owl (Asio otus Linnaeus, 1758) pellets (predator diet analysis). One hundred and forty-four mice were analyzed for the degree of wear of the surface of molar crowns, and an additional 74 measurements were performed on captive-born Apodemus flavicollis individuals. We used a refined model of comparison that included seven classes of mouse age, rather than four classes, as suggested by other authors.Uzrasna struktura Apodemus flavicollis (Melchior, 1834) analizirana je na uzorku pribavljenom primenom dve metode: izlovljavanjem Šermanovim klopkama i prikupljanjem lobanja miševa iz gvalica sove Asio otus Linnaeus. Kod ukupno 144 jedinke studiran je stepen izrabljenosti molarnih krunica; izvršena su i 74 dodatna merenja kod jedinki gajenih u laboratorijskim uslovima. Tokom istraživanja korišćen je redefinisani model kombinacije sedam uzrasnih klasa miševa (a ne četiri, kako su ranije sugerisali pojedini stručnjaci).Projekat ministarstva br. 156

Helminth fauna of Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 from the suburban area of Belgrade, Serbia

The helminth fauna of the house mouse (Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758) was studied on the basis of 429 host individuals from the suburban area of Belgrade. Eleven helminth species were recorded: three cestode species - Catenotaenia pusilla, Rodentolepis fraterna, and Cysticercus (= Strobilocercus) fasciolaris [larval stage of Taenia taeniaeformis (Batsch, 1821)]; and eight nematode species - Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia sp., Aspiculuris tetraptera, Syphacia obvelata, Heterakis spumosa, Trichuris muris, Mastophorus muris, and Gongylonema sp. Within the general helminth fauna, H. polygyrus was found to be the most prevalent species (39.2%) and caused the highest infection intensity. Prevalences of A. tetraptera, C. pusilla, and S. obvelata ranged from 12.8% to 6.1%, while the remaining species showed prevalences ranging from 4.9% (for Syphacia sp.) to 0.2% (for Gongylonema sp.). All the species found in males were also present in females, with the exceptions of M. muris and Gongylonema sp. No significant differences were found between males and females regarding prevalence (P%), mean infection intensity (MI), or mean abundance (MA).Helmintofauna kućnog miša (Mus musculus) istraživana je kod 429 jedinki izlovljenih sa suburbanog područja Beograda (selo Jabuka, 15 km severoistočno od Beograda), a prisustvo 3 vrste pantljičara (Cestoda) i 8 vrsta valjkastih crva (Nematoda) utvrđeno je u 262 jedinke (61.1%). Od pantljičara su bile prisutne Catenotaena pusilla, Rodentolepis fraterna i larveni stadijum Taenia taeniaeformis - Cysticercus (= Strobilocercus) fasciolaris, a od valjkastih crva Helygmosomoides polygirus, Syphacia sp., S. obvelata, Aspiculuris tetraptera, Heterakis spumosa, Trichuris muris, Mastophorus muris i Gongylonema sp. Dominantna vrsta bila je H. polygyrus sa prevalencom od 39,2% i prouzrokovala je najviši intenzitet infekcije. Za A. tetraptera, C. pusilla i S. obvelata prevalence su iznosile od 12,8 do 6,1%, a za ostale vrste helminata od 4,9 (za Syphacia sp.) do 0,2% (za Gongylonema sp.). Sve vrste nađene u mužjacima kućnog miša bile su nađene i u ženkama, izuzimajući M. muris i Gongylonema sp. Nisu nađene statistički značajne razlike između mužjaka i ženki kućnog miša u pogledu prevalence (P%) i srednjih vrednosti intenziteta infekcije (MI) i abundancije (MA).Projekat ministarstva br. 14303

Age structure of yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis Melchior, 1834) in two samples obtained from live traps and owl pellets

The age structure of yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis Melchior 1834) has been analyzed in individuals obtained by two methods: Trapping with Sherman live traps and obtainment of skulls from long-eared owl (Asio otus Linnaeus, 1758) pellets (predator diet analysis). One hundred and forty-four mice were analyzed for the degree of wear of the surface of molar crowns, and an additional 74 measurements were performed on captive-born Apodemus flavicollis individuals. We used a refined model of comparison that included seven classes of mouse age, rather than four classes, as suggested by other authors.Uzrasna struktura Apodemus flavicollis (Melchior, 1834) analizirana je na uzorku pribavljenom primenom dve metode: izlovljavanjem Šermanovim klopkama i prikupljanjem lobanja miševa iz gvalica sove Asio otus Linnaeus. Kod ukupno 144 jedinke studiran je stepen izrabljenosti molarnih krunica; izvršena su i 74 dodatna merenja kod jedinki gajenih u laboratorijskim uslovima. Tokom istraživanja korišćen je redefinisani model kombinacije sedam uzrasnih klasa miševa (a ne četiri, kako su ranije sugerisali pojedini stručnjaci).Projekat ministarstva br. 156

Helminth fauna of Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758 from the suburban area of Belgrade, Serbia

The helminth fauna of the house mouse (Mus musculus Linnaeus, 1758) was studied on the basis of 429 host individuals from the suburban area of Belgrade. Eleven helminth species were recorded: three cestode species - Catenotaenia pusilla, Rodentolepis fraterna, and Cysticercus (= Strobilocercus) fasciolaris [larval stage of Taenia taeniaeformis (Batsch, 1821)]; and eight nematode species - Heligmosomoides polygyrus, Syphacia sp., Aspiculuris tetraptera, Syphacia obvelata, Heterakis spumosa, Trichuris muris, Mastophorus muris, and Gongylonema sp. Within the general helminth fauna, H. polygyrus was found to be the most prevalent species (39.2%) and caused the highest infection intensity. Prevalences of A. tetraptera, C. pusilla, and S. obvelata ranged from 12.8% to 6.1%, while the remaining species showed prevalences ranging from 4.9% (for Syphacia sp.) to 0.2% (for Gongylonema sp.). All the species found in males were also present in females, with the exceptions of M. muris and Gongylonema sp. No significant differences were found between males and females regarding prevalence (P%), mean infection intensity (MI), or mean abundance (MA).Helmintofauna kućnog miša (Mus musculus) istraživana je kod 429 jedinki izlovljenih sa suburbanog područja Beograda (selo Jabuka, 15 km severoistočno od Beograda), a prisustvo 3 vrste pantljičara (Cestoda) i 8 vrsta valjkastih crva (Nematoda) utvrđeno je u 262 jedinke (61.1%). Od pantljičara su bile prisutne Catenotaena pusilla, Rodentolepis fraterna i larveni stadijum Taenia taeniaeformis - Cysticercus (= Strobilocercus) fasciolaris, a od valjkastih crva Helygmosomoides polygirus, Syphacia sp., S. obvelata, Aspiculuris tetraptera, Heterakis spumosa, Trichuris muris, Mastophorus muris i Gongylonema sp. Dominantna vrsta bila je H. polygyrus sa prevalencom od 39,2% i prouzrokovala je najviši intenzitet infekcije. Za A. tetraptera, C. pusilla i S. obvelata prevalence su iznosile od 12,8 do 6,1%, a za ostale vrste helminata od 4,9 (za Syphacia sp.) do 0,2% (za Gongylonema sp.). Sve vrste nađene u mužjacima kućnog miša bile su nađene i u ženkama, izuzimajući M. muris i Gongylonema sp. Nisu nađene statistički značajne razlike između mužjaka i ženki kućnog miša u pogledu prevalence (P%) i srednjih vrednosti intenziteta infekcije (MI) i abundancije (MA).Projekat ministarstva br. 14303

First record of Mastophorus muris (Gmelin, 1790) (Nematoda: Spiruroidea) in Mus musculus from the suburban area of Belgrade, Serbia

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Age structure of yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis Melchior, 1834) in two samples obtained from live traps and owl pellets

The age structure of yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis Melchior 1834) has been analyzed in individuals obtained by two methods: Trapping with Sherman live traps and obtainment of skulls from long-eared owl (Asio otus Linnaeus, 1758) pellets (predator diet analysis). One hundred and forty-four mice were analyzed for the degree of wear of the surface of molar crowns, and an additional 74 measurements were performed on captive-born Apodemus flavicollis individuals. We used a refined model of comparison that included seven classes of mouse age, rather than four classes, as suggested by other authors

On the reproduction of yellow-necked field mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and striped field mouse (A. agrarius) in laboratory conditions

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On the reproduction of yellow-necked field mouse (Apodemus flavicollis) and striped field mouse (A. agrarius) in laboratory conditions

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Electrochemical investigations in low conductivity organic solvents using microelectrodes:application for the scale-up of acetoxylation process in glacial acetic acid

Electrochemical acetoxylation has been widely investigated about 40 years ago. However, there are only a limited number of studies in non-aqueous electrolytes, mainly because of difficulties related with the extremely low electrical conductivity of organic media. This work focuses on electrochemistry in organic media and deals with the problem of low conductivity by using ultramicroelectrodes which allow neglecting the ohmic drop. Precise electrochemical measurements were thus accessible and electrochemical acetoxylation of aromatic compounds in a glacial acetic acid media has been investigated using three electrode materials: platinum (electrocatalytic), graphite (industrial electrodes) and boron-doped diamond (BDD) (non-electrocatalytic). In the first part of this work, a glacial acetic acid medium has been characterized on the three electrode materials. Strong similarities in the behavior of the electrodes in glacial acetic acid and in aqueous electrolytes have been outlined. Furthermore an oxidation mechanism of acetate depending on the electrode material has been proposed. Methane and methyl acetate are the main side-products formed during this oxidation but only in negligible quantities. The proposed mechanisms for the formation of these side-products are based on a model similar to that for the oxidation of organic substrates in aqueous solutions on BDD. In the second part of this work, the electrochemical behavior of p-methylanisole (p-MA) in acetonitrile has been investigated. It has been shown that two oxidation peaks appear on the three electrode materials. The main anodic reaction of p-MA is polymerization and both peaks are related to this reaction. The first peak is attributed to the oxidation of p-MA to the corresponding radical cation, whereas the second one is supposed to correspond to the oxidation of a cationic intermediate. Finally it has been shown that the electrode deactivation due to the deposition of polymeric material on the electrode surface occurs at different potentials on the three investigated electrode materials. A mechanism involving two polymerization routes has been proposed. Acetoxylation of substituted aromatic substrates has been investigated using different substrates: p-MA, toluene and nitrobenzene. It has been shown that mainly three types of reactions occur: acetoxylation, methylation and polymerization. Acetoxylation is favored on platinum, while on BDD electrodes polymerization is privileged. Concerning methylation, it has been shown to occur only if the oxidation potential of the substrate is close to that of the solvent. A general reaction scheme depending on the electrode material has been proposed. In the fourth part of this work, acetoxylation of p-MA and toluene using graphite electrodes has been performed in a lab-scale monopolar electrolyzer and in a bench-scale bipolar cell. It has been found that due to the cell design, acetoxylation of p-MA can be conducted at high current efficiencies and at high selectivities even for a conversion as high as 90%. Finally, first milestones have been set for the continuation of this work. A kinetic model based on the previously proposed mechanism of acetate oxidation, acetoxylation and polymerization depending on the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode has been simulated and compared to the obtained results in the first parts of this work. Furthermore, the importance of the supporting electrolyte has been highlighted. Moreover, it has been shown that dimensionally stable anodes (DSA) can be used in glacial acetic acid media. Finally, a bipolar reactor with a sub-mm interelectrode gap and internal recirculation has been constructed

AGE STRUCTURE OF YELLOW-NECKED MOUSE (APODEMUS FLAVICOLLIS MELCHIOR, 1834) IN TWO SAMPLES OBTAINED FROM LIVE TRAPS AND OWL PELLETS

Abstract- The age structure of yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis Melchior, 1834) has been analyzed in individuals obtained by two methods: trapping with Sherman live traps and obtainment of skulls from long-eared owl (Asio otus Linnaeus, 1758) pellets (predator diet analysis). One hundred and forty-four mice were analyzed for the degree of wear of the surface of molar crowns, and an additional 74 measurements were performed on captive-born Apodemus flavicollis individuals. We used a refined model of comparison that included seven classes of mouse age, rather than four classes, as suggested by other authors