Case report on the localized cutaneous leishmaniasis: intralesional treatment with meglumine antimoniate

Introduction: Leishmaniasis is a contagious disease endemic in Brazil, transmitted by a vector, and its installation and form of presentation depend on the immunological status, location, and type of transmitted protozoan. Objective: A case report of a patient with localized American tegumentary leishmaniasis. Method: Reviews of medical records, analysis of photographic records of diagnostic tests and the evolution of the treatment to which the patient was submitted and literature review were carried out. Case Report: An 85-year-old woman, with a history of a single lesion on the 4 cm right forearm, with raised borders, ulcerated and clean bottom, subcutaneous edema, local pain and heat, pruritus, bloody secretion in small amounts, and no systemic symptoms. The same did not show improvement with the use of ointments (dexamethasone, neomycin, ketoconazole) and lasted for 2 months. The diagnosis of leishmaniasis was confirmed and treatment with intralesional meglumine antimoniate was carried out, with the application of 3 injections with an interval of 15 days. Final considerations: The case reported and the studies surveyed reveal the importance of the new treatment route and show that, although the approach requires specific conditions, such as being a single lesion, it courses with fewer adverse effects, lower cost, and greater safety

Neotropical freshwater fisheries : A dataset of occurrence and abundance of freshwater fishes in the Neotropics

The Neotropical region hosts 4225 freshwater fish species, ranking first among the world's most diverse regions for freshwater fishes. Our NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set is the first to produce a large-scale Neotropical freshwater fish inventory, covering the entire Neotropical region from Mexico and the Caribbean in the north to the southern limits in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. We compiled 185,787 distribution records, with unique georeferenced coordinates, for the 4225 species, represented by occurrence and abundance data. The number of species for the most numerous orders are as follows: Characiformes (1289), Siluriformes (1384), Cichliformes (354), Cyprinodontiformes (245), and Gymnotiformes (135). The most recorded species was the characid Astyanax fasciatus (4696 records). We registered 116,802 distribution records for native species, compared to 1802 distribution records for nonnative species. The main aim of the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set was to make these occurrence and abundance data accessible for international researchers to develop ecological and macroecological studies, from local to regional scales, with focal fish species, families, or orders. We anticipate that the NEOTROPICAL FRESHWATER FISHES data set will be valuable for studies on a wide range of ecological processes, such as trophic cascades, fishery pressure, the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation, and the impacts of species invasion and climate change. There are no copyright restrictions on the data, and please cite this data paper when using the data in publications