Aspectos socioculturais da saúde e da doença e suas repercussões pragmáticas

Introdução: Diversos fatores estão envolvidos no processo de saúde e doença e importantes pontos se relacionam a aspectos socioculturais os quais necessitam ser entendidos e interpretados para entendimento de um arcabouço mais geral que envolve a saúde.Objetivo: Analisar os aspectos socioculturais relacionados ao processo de saúde e doença.Método: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão reflexiva. Foram construídas categorias temáticas para o desenvolvimento dos resultados e discussão segundo a análise de Bardin.Resultados: Os aspectos socioculturais influenciam na saúde da população fundamentado na criação de trabalho no campo da saúde pública.Conclusão: Muitos aspectos estão envolvidos no processo de saúde e doença. Todos impactam de alguma forma em algum contexto na saúde pública e por isso devem ser analisados e considerados.Introduction: Several factors are involved in the health–disease process and important points are related to sociocultural aspects that need to be known and interpreted to understand a more general framework that involves health.Objective:To analyse the sociocultural aspects related to the health and disease process.Methods:This is a reflexive review study. Thematic categories were established for the development and discussion of results according to the analysis of Bardin.Results: Sociocultural aspects influence the health of the population based on creation of work in the field of public health.Conclusion: Many aspects are involved in the health–disease process. All impact in some way on some context in public health and therefore should be analysed and considered

Acompanhamento nutricional de adolescentes no Programa Saúde na Escola

Introduction: Overweight and obesity in childhood and adolescence are important public health problems. In this context, the school has been identified as a favorable environment for carrying out health education programs. The Health at School Program and its important performance stand out. Thus, considering these discussions, they ask: How are the actions developed by the Health at School Program, focused on nutrition, being implemented? Objective: Analyze the teenager monitoring in the School Health Program (PSE in Brazil) opposite actions to the nutritional aspects of adolescents. Methods: This is a descriptive, qualitative study in Juazeiro municipality North-Ce, with the subject 18 nurses of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) inserted in the PES that municipality. Results: Nurses have limited assistance in the face of food practices, which implies in its operations; report having difficulty performing their actions outside the conventional health units and focus on strategies for a food menu. Conclusion: The monitoring of adolescents in the School Health Program ahead nutritional value is still limited to preventive practices involving specific actions, limited to a Sfood education focused on the health problem and not the needs of adolescents.Introdução: O sobrepeso e a obesidade na infância e na adolescência constituem importantes problemas de saúde pública. Nesse contexto, a escola vem sendo apontada como um ambiente favorável para realização de programas de educação em saúde. Destaca-se o Programa Saúde na Escola e sua importante atuação. Assim, considerando essas discussões, questionam-se: Como estão sendo implementadas as ações desenvolvidas pelo Programa Saúde na Escola, voltadas para nutrição? Objetivo: Analisar o acompanhamento do adolescente no Programa Saúde na Escola (PSE) frente a ações voltadas para os aspectos nutricionais dos adolescentes.   Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, qualitativo, realizado no município de Juazeiro do Norte-Ce, tendo como sujeitos 18 enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) inseridos no PSE do referido município. Utilizou-se como técnica para coleta do material a entrevista semiestruturada e organizados seguindo a proposta da análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Evidenciou-se que os enfermeiros tem uma assistência limitada frente às praticas alimentares, o que implica na sua atuação; compreendem a educação em saúde na escola como intervenções pontuais e preventivista, assim como, relatam ter dificuldades em executar suas ações fora das unidades convencionais de saúde e focam em estratégias voltadas para um cardápio alimentar não na perspectiva de promover a saúde, atuando quando o problema é detectado. Conclusão: O acompanhamento dos adolescentes no Programa Saúde na Escola frente aos aspectos nutricionais ainda está limitada a práticas preventivistas, envolvendo ações pontuais, limitadas a uma educação alimentar focada no problema de saúde e não nas necessidades dos adolescentes

Association between culture of patient safety and burnout in pediatric hospitals.

IntroductionProviding safety culture is the first and undoubtedly most important feature that patient care should have, as it is the basis for other measures. There are associations between Burnout Syndrome and lower perceptions of safety culture and greater risks in patient safety.ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between patient safety culture and burnout in pediatric hospitals.MethodThis is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach performed with health professionals who work in pediatric hospitals located in the Metropolitan Region of Cariri, Northeastern Brazil. The study enrolled 148 professionals who performed direct health care for the child in three different hospitals. For the evaluation of the Patient Safety Culture, the version, translated and validated for Brazil, of the Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) questionnaire was applied and to evaluate the occurrence of Burnout, we chose the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI).ResultsAmong the dimensions of burnout that presented the most moderate to high, depersonalization and low professional achievement stand out. When considering the syndrome with the professional who presented a "high" score in only one of the three dimensions, it was identified that 44.6% presented the disease. All patient safety dimensions studied correlated with some dimension of burnout.ConclusionThe study evidenced the influence of all patient safety domains for the development of burnout syndrome in pediatric professionals. Also, it was identified that the organizational climate is the main determinant of burnout, especially in what refers to "teamwork between units"

User embracement in practices care in psychosocial care centers the perspective of local managers

Introduction: Psychosocial care centres (CAPS), strategic IN articulation of psychosocial care network and health system gateway, propose to the reorganization of health practices, by adopting a new ethic of care, based on respect to the singularity of the subjects and in the reception to the health needs of the users. Reception is a device for transforming practices and humanizing health care.  Objective: To analyse the operation of the host users of CAPS from the perspective of local coordinators in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.  Method: Qualitative research with case study design, performed with CAPS coordinators of the city of Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and observation, being submitted to the analysis of thematic content.  Results: The host constituted innovative device in mental health practices, as triggered the construction of new ways of dealing with the subject in psychological distress, by incorporating technologies such as qualified listening, building autonomy, with attention focused on the user. Provided a reorientation of work and service processes, requesting the articulation for network care. In addition, it was configured as a strategy for humanization in the CAPS. Was presented, however, operational difficulties related to the environment and to the effectiveness of the network of attention.  Final considerations: The host device configured for reorienting health practices, enhancing the consolidation of psychosocial care model, with humanization and increased solvability. However, challenges remain to be overcome, related to the environment and to the effectiveness of the network of care