2 research outputs found
Estudio de las caracterÃsticas clÃnicas y de mortalidad de una serie de pacientes con sÃndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo que precisaron ventilación mecánica invasiva
Presentamos un estudio retrospectivo y observacional que incluye una
cohorte de pacientes con SDRA ingresados a lo largo de dos años en el
Servicio de Medicina Intensiva del Hospital ClÃnico Universitario de Valladolid.
Todos ellos fueron diagnosticados de SDRA según los criterios de la definición
de BerlÃn y necesitaron intubación orotraqueal y/o traqueotomÃa con asistencia
respiratoria a presión positiva mediante ventilación mecánica con conexión a
respirador volumétrico. No se ha realizado ninguna intervención sobre los
pacientes y los datos han sido recogidos a partir de la revisión de bases de
datos anónimas realizadas en la UCI de este hospital.
Se han recogido variables demográficas, clÃnicas, de manejo ventilatorio
en UCI y de supervivencia, entre las que se encuentran la edad, el sexo, el
diagnóstico de ingreso en UCI, la etiologÃa del SDRA, el Ãndice APACHE II, la
PaO2/FiO2 al ingreso en UCI, el Ãndice SOFA, los dÃas de ventilación mecánica
y de intubación orotraqueal, asà como el empleo de óxido nÃtrico, decúbito
prono, corticoides y catecolaminas. También se han recogido los dÃas de estancia hospitalaria y en la unidad de cuidados intensivos.
El análisis estadÃstico se ha realizado utilizando el método Chi cuadrado
(X2) para variables categóricas y Mann Whitney para variables cuantitativas,
considerando significación estadÃstica cuando p<0,05. Posteriormente se ha
realizado un análisis de mortalidad mediante un modelo de regresión logÃstica
seleccionando las variables con p<0,1 en el análisis comparativo. Todo ello
mediante el paquete estadÃstico SPSS 20.0.Grado en Medicin
CT-derived liver and spleen volume accurately diagnose clinically significant portal hypertension in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Background & Aims: Clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) is a landmark in the natural history of cirrhosis, influencing clinical decisions in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Previous small series suggested that splanchnic volume measurements may predict portal hypertension. We aimed to evaluate whether volumetry obtained by standard multidetector computerised tomography (MDCT) can predict CSPH in patients with HCC. Methods: We included 175 patients with HCC, referred for hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) evaluation, in whom contemporary MDCT was available. Liver volume, spleen volume (SV) and liver segmental volume ratio (LSVR: volume of the segments I-III/volume of the segments IV-VIII) were calculated semi-automatically from MDCT. Other non-invasive tests (NITs) were also employed. Results: Volume parameters could be measured in almost 100% of cases with an excellent inter-observer agreement (intraclass correlation coefficient >0.950). SV and LSVR were independently associated with CSPH (HVPG ≥10 mmHg) and did not interact with aetiology. The volume Index (VI), calculated as the product of SV and LSVR, predicted CSPH (AUC 0.83; 95% CI 0.77–0.89). Similar results were observed in an external cohort (n = 23) (AUC 0.87; 95% CI 0.69–1.00). Setting a sensitivity and specificity of 98%, VI could have avoided 35.9% of HVPG measurements. The accuracy of VI was similar to that of other NITs. VI also accurately predicted HVPG greater than 12, 14, 16 and 18 mmHg (AUC 0.81 [95% CI 0.74–0.88], 0.84 [95% CI 0.77–0.91], 0.85 [95% CI 0.77–0.92] and 0.87 [95% CI 0.79–0.94], respectively). Conclusions: Quantification of liver and spleen volumes by MDCT is a simple, accurate and reliable method of CSPH estimation in patients with compensated cirrhosis and HCC. Impact and implications: An increase in portal pressure strongly impacts outcomes after surgery in patients with early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Direct measurement through hepatic vein catheterization remains the reference standard for portal pressure assessment, but its invasiveness limits its application. Therefore, we evaluated the ability of CT scan-based liver and spleen volume measurements to predict portal hypertension in patients with HCC. Our results indicate that the newly described index, based on quantification of liver and spleen volume, accurately predicts portal hypertension. These results suggest that a single imaging test may be used to diagnose and stage HCC, while providing an accurate estimation of portal hypertension, thus helping to stratify surgical risks