Die Abschätzung der Kosten des anthropogenen Treibhauseffekts: dominieren normative Setzungen die Ergebnisse?

Die Ergebnisse ökonomischer Bewertungen der Auswirkungen des anthropogenen Treibhauseffekts weichen stark voneinander ab. Die Ursache liegt in drei entscheidenden normativen Annahmen, mit dem Ergebnis, dass die monetären Werte der gleichen Klimaauswirkungen um sechs und mehr Größenordnungen auseinander liegen. Der Beitrag veranschaulicht diesen Zusammenhang am Beispiel von Ernteausfällen aufgrund von Klimaveränderungen. Die resultierenden Werte sollten in keinem Fall für eine Abwägung der Kosten und Nutzen der Vermeidung des anthropogenen Treibhauseffekts verwendet werden, wenn nicht zuvor ein gesellschaftlicher Konsens über die zugrunde liegenden normativen Wertentscheidungen erzielt worden ist. Zielführender wäre es, sich auf ein maximal tolerierbares Konzentrationsniveau von Treibhausgasen zu einigen und hieraus maximale jährliche Emissionsmengen für jedes Land abzuleiten.The results of economic evaluations of the effects of anthropogenic climate change diverge significantly. The main reason are three normative assumptions which result in monetary values of the same climate impact diverging by the order of six magnitudes and more. The paper illustrates this problem by taking the case of crop losses due to climate change as an example. The resulting values are inappropriate to balance the cost and benefits of climate change mitigation if not legitimated by a societal consensus about the underlying normative value assessment. Altogether, a consensus about a maximum acceptable concentration of climate gases would seem more appropriate and allow to deduce maximum emissions per year and country

Linking Weak and Strong Sustainability Indicators: The Case of Global Warming

The aim of this paper is to describe and discuss the weak and strong sustainability approach of assessing climate change and to show reasonable applications, weaknesses, possible improvements and linkages of both approaches. Main features of ?weak? and ?strong? sustainability approaches are characterized. Damage cost studies of global warming representing weak sustainability indicators are discussed. Further, the examples of the ?inverse scenario? approach of the German Advisory Council on Global Change (WBGU) and the environmental space concept of the Dutch Advisory Council for Research on Nature and Environment (RMNO) are described and discussed for illustrating advantages and weaknesses of strong sustainability indicators. Finally, the integration of damage cost modules into a broader methodological framework of strong sustainability is recommended. --weak sustainability,strong sustainability,environmental space,invers scenario,external costs,climate change,global wearming,damage costs

Weichenstellungen für eine nachhaltige Stromversorgung

In der aktuellen Diskussion zur Stromversorgung wird häufig unterstellt, dass das Zieldreieck aus Klimaschutz, Versorgungsicherheit und Wirtschaftlichkeit nur durch einen Mix verschiedener Energieträger erreichbar sei. Die erneuerbaren Energien alleine könnten es nicht schaffen. Doch es gibt gute Gründe, diese Annahme infrage zu stelle

Into a cooler future with electricity generated from solar photovoltaic

The fast-growing global cooling demand due to income growth in tropical countries necessitates substantial investments in new generation capacity. Despite the synergy between the temporal behavior of cooling demand and solar PV production, it is not clear whether the increased cooling demand will make solar PV more cost-effective or less so. We use a capacity expansion model to investigate the cost-effectiveness of investing in solar PV to meet the electricity demand linked to cooling for seven different regions under various CO2 emission targets. Solar PV plays a dominant role in meeting the additional electricity demand for cooling, and the share of solar PV in the additional generation capacity ranges from 64% to 135%. Additionally, powering electric cooling with mainly solar PV is cheaper than powering the rest of the demand. These results suggest that solar PV may comprise the backbone of electricity supply for cooling in the future electricity system

Linking weak and strong sustainability indicators the case of global warming

SIGLEAvailable from UuStB Koeln(38)-980107711 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Economic thinking sustainable development and the role of solar energy in the 21st century

SIGLEAvailable from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel C 188864 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Beyond external costs: a simple way to achieve a sustainable energy future, international and intergenerational equity by a straightforward reinvestment surcharge regime

Available from Bibliothek des Instituts fuer Weltwirtschaft, ZBW, Duesternbrook Weg 120, D-24105 Kiel C 188853 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekSIGLEDEGerman