Efecto de coagulación-floculación en remoción del hierro y manganeso en acuífero

In the district of Yantaló, Moyobamba, there is an aquifer that supplies water as an environmental service to the community, it presents evidence of a high concentration of iron and manganese indicating contamination by heavy metals. The objective was to determine the effect of the coagulation-flocculation process on the removal of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in the aquifer. It was hypothesized that the coagulation - flocculation process favors the removal of iron and manganese, being the applied research, whose design was pre-experimental. The aquifer was divided into five zones, taking 20 samples and using the Jar Test method. The initial results showed that the iron concentration exceeded the Maximum Permissible Limits (MLP) of water for human consumption; after applying the independent variable, iron concentrations decreased to 0.3 mg Fe/L. Concluding that after the coagulation - flocculation process through the optimal dose of aluminum sulfate at 1% mother solution, the final parameters remain within the expected range. The optimal dosage design of the Coagulant - Flocculant for the conventional treatment of aquifer water is proposed.En el distrito de Yantaló, Moyobamba, existe un acuífero que abastece de agua como servicio ambiental a la comunidad, éste presenta evidencias de alta concentración de hierro y manganeso indicando contaminación por metales pesados. El objetivo fue determinar el efecto del proceso de coagulación - floculación en la remoción del hierro (Fe) y manganeso (Mn) en el acuífero. Se hipotetizó que el proceso de coagulación - floculación favorece la remoción del hierro y manganeso, siendo la investigación aplicada, cuyo diseño fue pre experimental. El acuífero se dividió en cinco zonas, tomándose 20 muestras y se utilizó el método de Prueba de Jarras. Los resultados iniciales arrojaron que la concentración de hierro superaba los Límites Máximos Permisibles (LMP) de agua para consumo humano; después de aplicar la variable independiente las concentraciones de hierro disminuyeron hasta 0,3 mg Fe/L. Concluyendo que luego del proceso de coagulación - floculación a través de la dosis óptima de sulfato de aluminio al 1% de solución madre, los parámetros finales se mantienen dentro del rango esperado. Se propone el diseño de dosificación óptima del Coagulante - Floculante para el tratamiento convencional del agua del acuífero

Removal of Color and Turbidity in Runoff Water using Coconut (Cocos Nucifera) Endocarp Activated Carbon

The aim of this research was to determine the efficiency of activated carbon obtained from coconut (Cocos nucifera) endocarp in the reduction of color in runoff water to improve its quality. For this purpose, activated carbon was produced at a carbonization temperature of 700 °C in a time of 30 minutes and phosphoric acid at a concentration of 85% was used as an activating agent. A completely randomized design was used, consisting of 3 treatments (100, 50 and 25 g of activated carbon) and a control (without treatment), with three replicates of each treatment, where 1 L of water from the uptake was filtered. It was determined that the best percentage removal was obtained with treatment 3 (T3) in the reduction of color and turbidity with average values of 97.56% and 97.11%, respectively. An activated carbon filter was installed in the San Lorenzo - Moyobamba sector in a similar way to the laboratory tests, in which the efficiency of this product in reducing the color and turbidity of the water was demonstrated, achieving values suitable for human consumption