Employees’ Mood and Emotion as Imperatives for Perceived Job Satisfaction

Organizations have realized that employee emotions and moods are pervasive in the workplace. The emotions and moods are not only a deep-seated part of work life but have an important role to play in one's job performance and satisfaction. The study investigated employees’ mood and emotion as imperatives for perceived job satisfaction in a multinational organization in Nigeria. The research design for this study was a descriptive survey. Two hundred and forty four participants were used for the study which comprise males (100, 41.0%) and females (144, 59.0%) aged between <26 years and > 40 years. The participants consists of single (99, 40.6%), married (107, 43.9%), widowed (13, 5.3%), separated (8, 3.3%) and divorced (17, 7.0%). Three hypotheses were tested and the findings of the study revealed that that there was a significant difference between positive and negative employees’ mood on job satisfaction (Crit-t = 1.96, Cal.t = 3.941, df = 242, p < .05). Also, the result showed that there was a significant positive correlation between employees’ mood and job satisfaction (r = .246**, N= 244, P < .05). Lastly, the findings showed that positive mood positively correlated with job satisfaction (r = .265**, N= 244, P < .05). It was concluded that employees’ mood influenced job satisfaction. Based on findings it was recommended that management should endeavor to organize emotion management programs for their workers in order to ensure that their job satisfaction is improved upon and also to reduce the occurrence of high labour turnover and withdrawal intentions. Also, the deployment of emotional intelligence strategies should be used in organisations in order to ensure good working relations between employees and management and among employees. Keywords: Mood, emotion, job satisfaction, positive mood, negative mood, employee

An Examination of the Impact of Selected Personality Traits on the Innovative Behaviour of Entrepreneurs in Nigeria

Entrepreneurs are visionary, goal-driven, innovative individuals who are oriented to developing new businesses and making it a profitable one. These abilities are affected and boosted by some certain factors or traits possessed by them. This study examined the impact of openness and extraversion traits on the innovative behavior of entrepreneurs in a selected area of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Subjects for this study were 120 solo operators (entrepreneurs) in an area of Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria consisting of 53 males and 67 females, aged between 18 and 51. Two hypotheses were tested and the findings of the study revealed a significant difference between openness and innovative behavior; also the result of the study showed that entrepreneurs who were high on extraversion exhibited more innovative behavior than those who were low on it. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that entrepreneurs should observe and build on dominant traits inherent in them. To be a successful entrepreneur, it is pertinent to understand one’s personality.Key words: Personality traits; Innovative behavior; Entrepreneurs; Openness; Extraversio

Collective Bargaining as a Veritable Tool for Resolving Conflicts in Organizations

This study investigated the role of collective bargaining in resolving conflicts in organizations with a view to solving the current phenomena of conflicts being experienced in organizations and making them more effective, efficient and conducive for the development of the organization. The purposes of this study also ascertain the relevance of collective bargaining as an alternative approach to conflict resolution among industrial workers in an organization. Participants were selected purposively from the members of the organization. 310 subjects were used for the study which includes 185 males and 125 females, with the mean age of 33.06 and a standard deviation of 7.19. Three hypotheses were tested and the findings of the study revealed that neither the male nor female exhibited more conflict resolution than the other (crit-t= 1.96, Cal.t = 0.39, df=308, P> .05) Besides, the findings of the study also revealed that there was a significant difference between collective bargaining conflict resolution. (Crit-t = 1.96, Cal, t= 24.383, df = 309, P <0.5). Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that collective bargaining should be allowed in all establishments in order to forestall industrial conflict and enhance peace and harmony. Keywords: collective bargaining, conflict resolution, trade unions, industrial conflic

An Empirical Assessment of Customers’ Intention to Use Internet Banking In Nigeria.

This study investigated how customers perceived and behaviourally intended to use Internet Banking (IB) in Nigeria. Since the consolidation of the banking industry in Nigeria, it has become imperative for them to be able to survive. This led them to introduce internet and electronic banking in order to serve their customers efficiently, to make banking easier for them and also to gain competitive advantage in the industry. This sustainable competitive advantage can lead to the enhancement of industrial development that can bring about global partnership for development which is one of the pivotal goals of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Subjects for this study were three hundred and thirty-five bank customers in Oyo town, Oyo state, Nigeria. Three hypotheses were tested and the findings of the study revealed that perceived usefulness significantly predicted intention to use internet banking. The result also revealed that perceived web security had a direct relationship with intention to use internet banking. Furthermore, the result also showed that customers’ attitude had a positive effect on intention to use internet banking. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended among others that bankers should improve the security features of their systems and stress their system security and the precaution functions they have implemented so that they can reassure their customers that internet banking is a safe mode of transaction. Keywords: internet banking, intention to use IB, perceived use, customer attitude, perceived web security, Nigeria, banks.

The Role of Entrepreneurial Orientations on the Perceived Performance of Small and Medium-Scale Enterprises (SMEs) in Nigeria

This study investigated the influence of entrepreneurial orientations on perceived SME performance. The entrepreneurial orientations selected for use in this research are: innovativeness, risk-taking and pro-activeness. Three hundred and ten participants were selected purposively for this study and they comprise 118 males and 192 females with the mean age of 7.02 and standard deviation of 7.84. Four hypotheses were tested and the study revealed that innovativeness, risk-taking, and pro-activeness jointly predicted organizational performance. Hypothesis one showed that there was a significant relationship between risk-taking and perceived SME performance, hypothesis two showed that risk-taking and innovativeness jointly predicted perceived organizational performance, but pro-activeness did not independently predict perceived SME performance. Hypothesis three showed that innovativeness and pro-activeness jointly predicted perceived SME performance and hypothesis four showed that innovativeness and risk-taking jointly predicted perceived SME performance. Based on the findings of this study it was recommended among others that entrepreneurial orientations will be advanced by paying greater attention to the role of organizational context in entrepreneurship.Key words: Entrepreneurial orientations; Innovativeness; Risk-Taking; Pro-Activeness; SME performanc

Entrepreneurial Well-Being of Small and Medium Scale Business Owners: Role of Gender and Emotional Strategies

Entrepreneurial well-being has been associated with different emotional strategies but, the exact impact of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression together with gender difference on entrepreneurial well-being has not been adequately studied among Nigerian small-scale enterprises. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the role of emotional strategies and gender on entrepreneurial well-being among small and medium scale business owners in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. An ex-post facto research design was adopted to collect data from three hundred and ten (310) small and medium scale business owners at Bodija market area of Ibadan, Oyo State. The questionnaire comprised demographic variables and two standardized psychological scales used to assess relevant information from the respondents: emotional strategies scale and entrepreneurial well-being scale. Multiple regression and t-test for independent samples were used to test the three hypotheses formulated in the study. Findings reveal that cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression jointly predicted entrepreneurial well-being among small and medium business owners (R = .458 and a multiple R2 of .210). Further analysis showed that only cognitive reappraisal independently predicted entrepreneurial well-being (β = .405, p<.05). Again, t-test analysis revealed a statistically significant mean difference in entrepreneurial well-being (t(308) = 5.060, p < .05) between high and low emotional strategy. The findings further revealed no gender difference in entrepreneurial well-being of small and medium scale business owners. Therefore, this study concludes that entrepreneurial well-being is largely dependent on the individual level of cognitive reappraisal, while gender difference does not constitute any barrier for both existing and potential entrepreneurs. Based on the findings, it was recommended that entrepreneurs, existing as well as intending, should endeavour to embark on periodical psychologically structured training with focus on emotional management/regulation

Investigating the Role of Emotional Intelligence and Role Conflict on Job Burnout among Special Education Teachers

The need to take appropriate care of children with disabilities by the relevant stakeholders as the world moves into the post-COVID era has become imperative. Hence, this work investigated how family-to-work, work-to-family conflicts, and emotional intelligence influenced the four dimensions of job burnout (enthusiasm towards the job, psychological exhaustion, indolence, and guilt) among teachers administering children with disabilities. This was assessed using a cross-sectional online survey design of 276 special education teachers (female = 159; mean age = 32.5, SD = 10.1) from the Nigerian population of teachers. Data were collected using structured psychological tests, including the Work and Family Conflict Scale (WFCS), Emotional Intelligence Scale, and Job Burnout Scale. Results indicated that emotional intelligence predicted all the dimensions of job burnout in teachers except psychological exhaustion. The independent variables failed to predict psychological exhaustion; however, family-to-work conflict independently predicted indolence. Furthermore, the results revealed no gender difference in all four dimensions of job burnout. Based on these findings, it was recommended that an intervention strategy targeting the promotion of emotional intelligence and adequate provision of modern facilities to be used to assist teachers in their special skills delivery