Potensi Bakteri Lactococcus sp. dan Lactobacillus sp. untuk Peningkatan Kualitas Limbah Kulit Kacang Sebagai Alternatif Bahan Pakan

This study aims to determine the increasing of nutrient content in the fermentation of feed stuff derived from peanut wastes as an alternative feed material for livestock and fish. The study consisted of three treatments and five replications, namely P0: peanut peel + 0% isolate, P1: peanut peel + 1% Lactococcus sp, P2: peanut peel + 1% Lactobacillus sp. The fermentation process was carried out for 5 days under a facultative anaerobic condition. The results showed that there was a significant difference between treatments (p <0.05). The use of Lactococcus sp and Lactobacillus sp isolates can increase the nutritional content of peanut peel wastes. There was a decrease in crude fiber content (CF) of 3.80 to 7.70%, there was an increase of Nitrogen free extract (NFE) of 3.925 to 4.38%, there is an increase in digestible energy (DE) content of 7.13% to 9.30%, there was the increasing metabolizable energy (ME) of 7.13% to 9.12% compared to control. Based on the results it can be concluded that the using of 1% Lactococcus sp and 1% Lactobacillus sp. can increase nutritional value of peanut peel waste that can be used as an alternative ingredients of animal and fish. Keywords : Lactococcus sp. , Lactobacillus sp., peanut peel waste

Bacterial Isolates From The Cervical Mucus of Dairy Cattle at Follicular and Luteal Phases

The research aimed to identify the bacteria present in the reproductive tract of dairy cattle at follicular and luteal phases of the estrus cycle. Seven samples of cervical mucus were each obtained from the reproductive tract, at follicular and luteal phase, of fourteen healthy cattle, 2-3 years of age, with body condition scores of 2.0-8.3. Sporet, motility, triple sugar iron agar, mannitol and glucose tests were done to obtain gram characteristics and bacterial morphology, which enabled identiftcation at the genus level. Non-speciftc bacteria isolated at follicular phase were Staphylococcus (50%), Corynebacterium (25%) and Escherichia (25%). At luteal phase, Staphylococcus (45.5%), Escherichia (45.5%) and Corynebacterium (9%) were isolated. The results suggest that a number of bacteria can be found in the reproductive tract of dairy cattle, both at follicular phase and luteal phase. Key words: bacteria, dairy cattle, follicular phase, luteal phase, reproductive trac

Effect of Green Tea Extract Supplementation in The semen Extender on Post-Thaw Sperm Quality of Simmental Bulls

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of green tea extract as antioxidant in the extender of frozen semen on the viability, motility, integrity of plasma membrane, percentage of necrosis and apoptosis of spermatozoa. Ejaculates collected from four Simmental bulls were evaluated and placed in 37°C water bath before the cryopreservation process was started. The semen samples were diluted in milk-egg yolk supplemented with green tea extract of 0 (P0) as control, 0.05 (P1), 0.1 (P2), and 0.15 (P3) mg/100 ml extender, respectively. Diluted semen packed in 0.25 ml straws were cryopreserved and stored in liquid nitrogen for four weeks. Cryopreserved semen packed in straws were thawed individually in 37°C water bath for 30 sec then evaluated microscopically. The results showed that P2 had the highest post-thaw sperm viability, motility, and integrity of plasma membrane compared to the other groups (P<0.05). In addition, the percentage of necrosis and apoptosis of sperm were lowest in P2 (P<0.05) compared to the other groups. The results of the study suggest that semen samples diluted in milk-egg yolk supplemented with green tea extract at the rate of 0.1 mg/100 ml extender had the highest semen quality. Thus, green tea extract can potentially act as antioxidant to maintain the quality of post-thaw bull spermatozoa Key words: apoptosis, bull, green tea extract, necrosis, post-thaw, sperm qualit