Investigation of TAT and Rorschach Responses of Males Who are Facing with Male Factor Infertility

Narratives about infertility, diagnosis and treatment interferences are as old as human history. The review of infertility literature showed that the main object of infertility were women and as usual male infertility kept as an hidden subject. In literature male factor infertility studied in physiological aspects and psychological aspects of it somehow denied. The aim of this is to evaluate two cases with projective techniques (Rorschach Test and TAT-Thematic Apperception Test) in order to see their psychic organizations about infertility. The main findings of the study were the identifications, differences between sexes, and also transgenerational differences could not be clearly identified. The responses to these two projective techniques can be identified as more immature and infanlite althoug their are adults. In other words more infantile identification was made by cases. In both cases, the mother/woman was considered to be as an omnipotent being and on the other hand devalued at the same time which can be considered as ambivalance towards mother/woman. The wording and phrases that are used by these two cases containts too much hesitations and repeteaded words which can be evaluated as immaturity. Both of the cases do not form a relationship neither with the clinician nor the test material which can be evaluated as a defence mechanism upon both the outer and ther inner world. This study is considered to be an important contribution to the literature because it is the first study conducted -with the knowledge of author- upon male factor infertility

Multisensory learning binds neurons into a cross-modal memory engram

Associating multiple sensory cues with objects and experience is a fundamental brain process that improves object recognition and memory performance. However, neural mechanisms that bind sensory features during learning and augment memory expression are unknown. Here we demonstrate multisensory appetitive and aversive memory in Drosophila. Combining colours and odours improved memory performance, even when each sensory modality was tested alone. Temporal control of neuronal function revealed visually selective mushroom body Kenyon cells (KCs) to be required for enhancement of both visual and olfactory memory after multisensory training. Voltage imaging in head-fixed flies showed that multisensory learning binds activity between streams of modality-specific KCs so that unimodal sensory input generates a multimodal neuronal response. Binding occurs between regions of the olfactory and visual KC axons, which receive valence-relevant dopaminergic reinforcement, and is propagated downstream. Dopamine locally releases GABAergic inhibition to permit specific microcircuits within KC-spanning serotonergic neurons to function as an excitatory bridge between the previously ‘modality-selective’ KC streams. Cross-modal binding thereby expands the KCs representing the memory engram for each modality into those representing the other. This broadening of the engram improves memory performance after multisensory learning and permits a single sensory feature to retrieve the memory of the multimodal experience

A novel fragile X syndrome mutation reveals a conserved role for the carboxy-terminus in FMRP localization and function

Loss of function of the FMR1 gene leads to fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of intellectual disability. The loss of FMR1 function is usually caused by epigenetic silencing of the FMR1 promoter leading to expansion and subsequent methylation of a CGG repeat in the 5′ untranslated region. Very few coding sequence variations have been experimentally characterized and shown to be causal to the disease. Here, we describe a novel FMR1 mutation and reveal an unexpected nuclear export function for the C-terminus of FMRP. We screened a cohort of patients with typical FXS symptoms who tested negative for CGG repeat expansion in the FMR1 locus. In one patient, we identified a guanine insertion in FMR1 exon 15. This mutation alters the open reading frame creating a short novel C-terminal sequence, followed by a stop codon. We find that this novel peptide encodes a functional nuclear localization signal (NLS) targeting the patient FMRP to the nucleolus in human cells. We also reveal an evolutionarily conserved nuclear export function associated with the endogenous C-terminus of FMRP. In vivo analyses in Drosophila demonstrate that a patient-mimetic mutation alters the localization and function of Dfmrp in neurons, leading to neomorphic neuronal phenotypes

Broadband anti-reflection coating for the meter class Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument lenses

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), currently under construction, will be used to measure the expansion history of the Universe using the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation technique. The spectra of 35 million galaxies and quasars over 14000 sq deg will be measured during the life of the experiment. A new prime focus corrector for the KPNO Mayall telescope will deliver light to 5000 fiber optic positioners. The fibers, in turn, feed ten broad-band spectrographs. We will describe the broadband AR coating (360 nm to 980nm) that was applied to the lenses of the camera system for DESI using ion assisted deposition techniques in a 3 m coating chamber. The camera has 6 lenses ranging in diameter from 0.8 m to 1.14 m, weighing from 84 kg to 237 kg and made from fused silica or BK7. The size and shape of the surfaces provided challenges in design, uniformity control, handling, tooling and process control. Single surface average transmission and minimum transmission met requirements. The varied optical surfaces and angle of incidence considerations meant the uniformity of the coating was of prime concern. The surface radius of curvature (ROC) for the 12 surfaces ranged from nearly flat to a ROC of 611 mm and a sag of 140 mm. One lens surface has an angle of incidence variation from normal incidence to 40°. Creating a design with a larger than required bandwidth to compensate for the non-uniformity and angle variation created the ability to reduce the required coating uniformity across the lens and a single design to be used for all common substrate surfaces. While a perfectly uniform coating is often the goal it is usually not practicable or cost effective for highly curved surfaces. The coating chamber geometry allowed multiple radial positions of the deposition sources as well as substrate height variability. Using these two variables we were able to avoid using any masking to achieve the uniformity required to meet radial and angle performance goals. Very broadband AR coatings usually have several very thin and optically important layers. The DESI coating design has layers approaching 3 nm in thickness. Having sensitive thin layers in the design meant controlling layer thickness and azimuthal variation were critical to manufacturing repeatability. Through use of strategically placed quartz crystal monitors combined with stable deposition plumes, the manufacturing variability was reduced to acceptable levels. Low deposition rates and higher rotation rates also provided some stability to azimuthal variation

Investigation of Fear of Covid, Coronavirus Anxiety and Burn-Out Among Health-Care Professionals

The aim of the paper is to investigate the fear of COVID, COVID anxiety and burnout among health-care professionals. 269 health-care professionals filled the questionnaire which consists of The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory and socio-demographical information form. It is revealed from the study that COVID fear have a strong relationship between COVID anxiety, emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation. Participants who have higher levels of COVID fear have lower levels of Personal accomplishments. Female healthcare workers’ COVID anxiety was higher than in male health-care workers. Losing a close person and being affected by COVID also showed statistically significant differences. Losing a patient, inadequacy in medical equipment and being a victim of violence during pandemic make statistically significant differences especially in depersonalization and emotional exhaustion among health-care workers

Genetic approaches in Drosophila for the study neurodevelopmental disorders

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster is one of the premier genetic model organisms used in biomedical research today owing to the extraordinary power of its genetic tool-kit. Made famous by numerous seminal discoveries of basic developmental mechanisms and behavioral genetics, the power of fruit fly genetics is becoming increasingly applied to questions directly relevant to human health. In this review we discuss how Drosophila research is applied to address major questions in neurodevelopmental disorders. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'Neurodevelopmental Disorders'.status: publishe

Revisiting the genetics of Fragile X syndrome

status: publishe

Early Maladaptive Schemas And Immigration: A Case Study

Individuals who born and raise in societies whom experience war and immigration in their lifetime carries the traumatic life events and traces with them throughtout their lives. Individual’s perceptions upon the world and experiences based on their schemes. These schemes formed by the life experiences of the individulas. Schemes starts to develop during the early childhood and adolescent period of life and they continue to develop throughout the life. H. lived two internal displacements during his childhood and adolescent period. The schemes that are developed during his early childhood and adolescent period results with dysfunctional life style during his adulthood life. The schemes that develop under the influence of the case of immigration during his early childhood and adolescent period of his life affects his personal life and his relationships with other