Assessment of the Microbiological Quality and Efficacy of Two Common Disinfectants Used in Hospital Laboratory

The present study assessed the microbiological qual ity and efficacy of two common disinfectants (Jik a nd Lysol) used in a hospital laboratory. Sterility test using Nutrient Agar and Sabour Dextrose Agar plates incubated at 3 7°C and 25°C, respectively, were employed to detect the present o f potential bacterial and fungal contaminants in 3 new batches of stock disinfectants. Swabs of work-bench surfaces designa ted as Site 1, 2 and 3 were collected in triplicate at the end of each business day ( i.e, before disinfection) and also after disinfection wi th 30% Jik and 2.5% Lysol dilution and cultured in tubes containing 3 ml of Tryptic Soy Broth medium and 0.1 mL Neutralizer. Surface viable count was carried o ut to determine the bacterial population density of three sites pre-dis infection and post-disinfection. Colonies of bacter ia were identified by Gram- stain, motility test and routine biochemical tests. The efficacy of the disinfectants against each bac terial isolate at 10 min contact time was determined using the quantitative suspension test. The killing rate of the disinfecta nts was expressed by plotting the logarithms of surviving cells (CFU/mL) against exposure time (min) of the disinfectant. T he outcome of the study showed that the microbiological quality of the two disinfectants tested was satisfactory. Bacterial di stribution pre-disinfection include: Staphylococcus epidermidis , Enterococcus aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiellia pneumoniae ; while only B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae were recovered post-disinfection. Lysol proved to be more potent than Jik at the dilution a nd contact time tested with a log reduction of bact erial population ≥5. S. epidermidis , E. aerogenes and P. mirabilis were completely killed by the two disinfectants wi thin the 10 minutes contact time. While, a population density of 1-2 log CFU/ml of B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae still survived after 10 min exposure to Lysol and Jik. The outcome of this stud y further strengthening earlier works and underscor ed the need to periodically assess the microbiological quality and efficacy of disinfectants routinely supplied to th e laboratory to ensure proper control of infections by using right disinfe ctant in right concentration for a right contact ti m

Assessment of Oral Bacterial Profile and Antibiogram of Patients Attending Dental Clinic of a Private Tertiary Hospital in Ogun State, Nigeria

Background: Oral and dental problem is common among many Nigerian populace. The human oral cavity is one of the most dynamic habitats for numerous bacterial species where they undergo intense interspecies competition to form multispecies biofilm structure. Aim: The present study was designed to assess the oral bacterial profile and antibiogram of Adult Patients receiving dental care at Babcock University Teaching Hospital (BUTH), Ilishan-Remo Ogun State. Methods: A total of 200 oral swab samples were collected from 200 consenting participants (100 males and 100 females). The oral swab samples were cultured on Blood agar, MacConkey agar and Mannitol salt agar and incubated at 37oC. Gram staining, motility test and routine biochemical tests were done for the identification and characterization of the bacterial isolates. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using the disc diffusion method. Data obtained were analysed using SPSS Statistics software package (version 18.0). Results: The bacterial species isolated include: Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter spp, Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus feacalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Out of the 288 bacterial isolates obtained, 139 (65.5%) of the oral bacteria isolates were non-pathogenic in nature, while 69 (34.5%) were pathogenic. The pathogenic organism with the highest percentage occurrence was Enterobacter spp (37.7%), followed by Streptococcus pyogenes (24.6%), Enterococcus feacalis (19.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.8%), Staphylococcus aureus (4.9%) and the least being Escherichia coli (3.3%). Most of the Gram positive bacteria were sensitive to Augmentin, Sulbactomas, Cefroxime, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Erythromycin and Azithromycin; while most of the Gram negative bacteria were sensitive to Augumentin, Cefotaxime, Nalidixic acid, Nitrofurantoin and Gentamycin. Conclusion: Pathogenic bacteria capable of causing oral and dental problems exist in the oral cavity of Patients receiving dental care at BUTH with varied antibiotic susceptibility patterns. The outcome of this study underscored the importance of routine oral/dental checks, adequate oral/dental care and treatment of oral infection with appropriate antibiotics