Is CT or FDG-PET more useful for evaluation of the treatment response in metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer? a case report and literature review

Response evaluation criteria in solid tumors version 1.1 (RECIST ver1.1) has been widely adopted to evaluate treatment efficacy in solid tumors, including breast cancer (BC), in clinical trials and clinical practice. RECIST is based mainly on computed tomography (CT) images, and the role of fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) is limited. However, because the rate of tumor shrinkage on CT does not necessarily reflect the potential remaining tumor cells, there may be a discrepancy between the treatment response and prognosis in some cases. Here we report a case of metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive BC where FDG-PET was preferable to CT for evaluation of the treatment response. A 40-year-old woman became aware of a lump in her right breast in September 201X. She was pregnant and underwent further examinations, including a biopsy, in November. The diagnosis was HER2-positive BC (cT2N2bM1, stage IV). Trastuzumab plus pertuzumab plus docetaxel (TPD) therapy was initiated in December 201X. CT performed in February 201X+1 showed cystic changes in the metastatic lesions in the liver, and the treatment response was stable disease (SD) according to RECIST. However, FDG-PET in March 201X+1 did not detect abnormal uptake of FDG in the hepatic lesions. The disease remained stable thereafter. Thus, tumor shrinkage may not be apparent in situations where the response to treatment results in rapid changes in blood flow within the tumor, which is associated with cystic changes. When patients with hypervascular liver metastases receive treatment with highly effective regimens, the target lesion may show cystic changes rather than shrinkage, as observed in the present case. Therefore, FDG-PET is sometimes superior to CT in judging a tumor response

Long-term survival of a patient with gastric cancer with bone marrow metastasis receiving S-1 plus oxaliplatin beyond three years: a case report and literature review

BackgroundBone marrow metastasis (BMM) of gastric cancer (GC), which is the most common cause of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) among solid tumors, has a poor prognosis. Studies on prognostic improvement beyond one year in patients with GC with BMM are limited. This is the first report of a patient who survived over three years after 30 months of S-1 plus oxaliplatin (SOX) therapy for GC with BMM.Case ReportThe patient was a 72-year-old woman who presented with anemia and high levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). Detailed examination led to the diagnosis with BMM of GC uncomplicated by DIC and the SOX regimen was initiated in November 2018. After six cycles, she was switched to S-1 monotherapy, and both ALP and CA19-9 levels reached normal by November 2019. However, computed tomography in April 2021 showed multiple bone metastases. Therefore, she was switched to paclitaxel-based therapy. In November 2021, the patient was further switched to nivolumab monotherapy, but she succumbed due to DIC in March 2022.ConclusionGCs with BMM are prone to DIC, and the SOX regimen, which includes S-1 with efficacy against micrometastases, may constitute a safe and effective treatment modality

Categorical discrimination of human body parts by magnetoencephalography

Humans recognize body parts in categories. Previous studies have shown that responses in the fusiform body area (FBA) and extrastriate body area (EBA) are evoked by the perception of the human body, when presented either as whole or as isolated parts. These responses occur approximately 190 ms after body images are visualized. The extent to which body-sensitive responses show specificity for different body part categories remains to be largely clarified. We used a decoding method to quantify neural responses associated with the perception of different categories of body parts. Nine subjects underwent measurements of their brain activities by magnetoencephalography (MEG) while viewing 14 images of feet, hands, mouths, and objects. We decoded categories of the presented images from the MEG signals using a support vector machine (SVM) and calculated their accuracy by 10-fold cross-validation. For each subject, a response that appeared to be a body-sensitive response was observed and the MEG signals corresponding to the three types of body categories were classified based on the signals in the occipitotemporal cortex. The accuracy in decoding body- part categories (with a peak at approximately 48%) was above chance (33.3%) and significantly higher than that for random categories. According to the time course and location, the responses are suggested to be body-sensitive and to include information regarding the body-part category. Finally, this non-invasive method can decode category information of a visual object with high temporal and spatial resolution and this result may have a significant impact in the field of brain-machine interface research

絹繊維屑を混用した複合クロスの調製に関する検討

The composite cloth can be prepared by impregnating cotton fabrics with mixtures of modified collagen short fiber which are treated with an oxidized fish oil and a polyurethane elastomer, and by fixing them. The prepared cloths are superior in flexibility, and water and oil adsorption properties. These composite cloths developed had poor slimy surface because they were produced so as to utilize their water and oil adsorption properties. Accordingly, the weak point has to be improved for utilization them in apparel materials. The composite cloth with the high elementary feeling fabric as material of winter\u27s thin dress could be prepared by mixing 5% of silk short fiber and 7% of modified collagen short fiber to the total weight of resin solid mainly composed of polyurethane elastomer

クロム鞣しにおけるグルタルアルデヒド処理革の耐汗性におよぼす影響

According to the current economic growth in Japan, the consumption of leather products is rapidly increasing with a diversity of consumer\u27s needs. In order to satisfy these various demands, the combination tannage with chrome and other tanning agents or the retannage is adopted as a tanning procedure rather than relying on single method of chrome tanning. Formaldehyde has long been utilized to produce soft leathers, but there often were the cases to cause skin troubles such as allergic dermatitis. Consequently then as the alternative material, glutaraldehyde (dialdehyde) is currently examined. In this paper, examinations were performed regarding to the sweat resistant characteristic of glutaraldehyde treatment and retanning on with chrome leather. It was proved that the combined treated leather with glutaraldehyde and chrome tanning was excellent one as to the sweat resistancy. This effect would be due to the blocking of the basic groups of collagen fibers with glutaraldehyde and acidic groups with chrome complex salt

毛付き緬羊皮(ムートン)の機能性におよぼすシアリングの影響

Sheep furs, namely mouton, have long wool and heavy in weight disadvantageously, therefore, sheep furs are subjected to shearing. It is likely that functions of furs including water vapour absorption and warmth keeping property are decreased by shearing. In this study, the effect of shearing of sheep furs on functions for bedding materials was examined. Bedding mouton with usual wool length of 35mm can be light in weight without serious sacrifice of bulkiness, compression elastic modulus, water vapour absorption, and warmth keeping property. That with shorter wool length of 25mm results in concernedly reduced water vapour absorption and compressibility

Lesson Study Manual for Teacher Educators International Edition

1. 授業研究への誘い －本マニュアルの構成と見方 － … 1 2. なぜ教師教育者に授業研究が必要なのか … 3 3. 授業研究の手順 … 5 　ステップ1　授業研究の組織を作る … 5 　ステップ2　事前協議会を行う … 7 　ステップ3　研究授業を実施し，観察する … 11 　ステップ4　事後協議会を行う … 15 　ステップ5　自分の授業を見直し，改善していく … 19 　ステップ6　授業研究の仲間を増やし，拡げる … 20 ４．おわりに … 22 ５．よくあるＱ＆Ａ … 23 執筆者・翻訳者一覧 … 2

Japanese Science and Technology Indicators 2024

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