植物乳酸菌による生薬発酵で生ずる抗炎症性物質の構造と機能に関する研究

広島大学(Hiroshima University)博士(薬科学)Doctor of Philosophy in Medicinal Sciencedoctora

Review and Considerations for Research on Self-Pluralism and Identity Formation in Adolescence

This study reviewed the trends of self-pluralism and identity formation studies. Recently, the study of self-pluralism has gained popularity and some researchers have suggested that self-pluralism has increased in today’s youth. Youth with self-pluralism easily adapted to various scenarios of the society. In Erikson’s identity theory, self-pluralism causes conflict. Intrinsically, self-pluralism was regarded as the opposite of identity. However, modern youth who are classified as having self-pluralism do not feel conflicted. In other words, the modern youth seem to have both a sense of identity and self-pluralism. These youth appear to have multiple identities. The purpose of this study is to consider multiple identities from various perspectives. Changes in society and Japanese culture are associated with multiple identities. The identity formation of modern Japanese youth cannot be explained by Erikson’s identity theory. Therefore it is necessary to examine identity and self-pluralism as a variety of forming processes in future studies

Research Notes : United States : New independent mutation: msl (Ames 2)

Five different populations have been recognized as a source of msl alleles. Genetics studies of male-sterile, female-fertile mutations conducted by Palmer et al. (1978) showed that msl (North Carolina) (T260), msl (Urbana) (T266), msl (Tonica) (T267), and msl (Ames) (T268) are independent mutations at the msl locus. Yee and Jian (1983) reported another mutation at the msl locus, designated Shennong Male-Sterile Soybean L-78-387

The Combination of D-dimer and Glasgow Prognostic Score Can Be Useful in Predicting VTE in Patients with Stage IIIC and IVA Ovarian Cancer

Cancer patients have increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) that must be assessed before treatment. This study aimed to determine effective VTE biomarkers in gynecologic cancer (GC). We investigated the correlation between D-dimer levels, Khorana risk score (KRS), Glasgow prognostic score (GPS), and VTE in 1499 GC patients (583 cervical cancer (CC), 621 endometrial cancer (EC), and 295 ovarian cancer (OC) patients) treated at our institution between January 2008 and December 2019. χ2 and Mann–Whitney U-tests were used to determine statistical significance. We used receiver operating characteristic-curve analysis to evaluate the discriminatory ability of each parameter. D-dimer levels were significantly correlated with KRS and GPS in patients with GC. VTE was diagnosed in 11 CC (1.9%), 27 EC (4.3%), and 39 OC patients (13.2%). Optimal D-dimer cut-off values for VTE were 3.1, 3.2, and 3.9 μg/ml in CC, EC and OC patients, respectively. D-dimer could significantly predict VTE in all GC patients. Furthermore, D-dimer combined with GPS was more accurate in predicting VTE than other VTE biomarkers in stage IIIC and IVA OC (AUC: 0.846; p<0.001). This study demonstrates that combined D-dimer and GPS are useful in predicting VTE in patients with OC

Resting energy expenditure in patients undergoing pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomies for bile duct cancer or pancreatic tumors

We measured the energy expenditure weekly in patients undergoing a pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy for bile duct cancer or pancreatic tumors. Twelve patients (5 women and 7 men; mean age 70.1 years) were enrolled in this study, and their resting energy expenditure levels were determined by indirect calorimetry. In these patients, a significant correlation was observed between the measured resting energy expenditures and the predicted resting energy expenditures calculated by the Harris-Benedict equation. The resting energy expenditures measured before surgery were almost the same as the predicted resting energy expenditures (measured resting energy expenditure: 22.4 ± 3.9 kcal/kg/day vs predicted resting energy expenditure: 21.7 ± 2.0 kcal/kg/day). The measured resting energy expenditure/predicted resting energy expenditure ratio, which reflects the stress factor, was 1.02 ± 0.10. After the pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy, a significant increase in energy expenditure was observed, and the measured resting energy expenditure was 25.7 ± 3.5 kcal/kg/day on postoperative day 7 and 25.4 ± 4.9 kcal/kg/day on postoperative day 14. The measured resting energy expenditure/predicted resting energy expenditure ratio was 1.16 ± 0.14 on postoperative day 7, and 1.16 ± 0.18 on postoperative day 14 respectively. In conclusion, patients undergoing a pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy showed a hyper-metabolic status as evaluated by their measured resting energy expenditure/predicted resting energy expenditure ratio. From our observations, we recommend that nutritional management based on 30 kcal/body weight/day (calculated by the measured resting energy expenditure×activity factor 1.2–1.3) may be optimal for patients undergoing a pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy