Combination Effect of Corrosion Inhibitors of Na2CrO4 and Na2HPO4 for Mild Steel in 3% NaCl Solution

The combination effects of inhibitor of Na2CrO4 and Na2HPO4 in 3% NaCl solution for 0.15% carbon steel were studied by weight loss tests during ten days and electrochemical tests. Na2CrO4 prevents the initiation of deep pits. Na2HPO4 protects most of the steel surface from the general corrosion attack but produces localized deep pits. v-7hen Na2CrO~ and Na2HPO4 are added together into 3% NaCl, icorr. becomes smaller than that for each inhibitor. Especially, adding 10 ppm Na2CrO4, i corr. is almost the same regardless of the concentration of Na2HPO4 (10-100 ppm) . The combination of Na2CrO4 and Na2HPO4 stifles the disadvantage of individual inhibitor and thus provides much effective prevention of corrosion in sufficient concentration

Comparison of Impressions of COVID-19 Vaccination and Influenza Vaccination in Japan by Analyzing Social Media Using Text Mining

The aim of this study was to compare impressions of COVID-19 vaccination and influenza vaccination in Japan by analyzing social media (Twitter®) using a text-mining method. We obtained 10,000 tweets using the keywords “corona vaccine” and “influenza vaccine” on 15 December 2022 and 19 February 2023. We then counted the number of times the words were used and listed frequency of these words by a text-mining method called KH Coder. We also investigated concepts in the data using groups of words that often appeared together or groups of documents that contained the same words using multi-dimensional scaling (MDS). “Death” in relation to corona vaccine and “severe disease” for influenza vaccine were frequently used on 15 December 2022. The number of times the word “death” was used decreased, “after effect” was newly recognized for corona vaccine, and “severe disease” was not used in relation to influenza vaccine. Through this comprehensive analysis of social media data, we observed distinct variations in public perceptions of corona vaccination and influenza vaccination in Japan. These findings provide valuable insights for public health authorities and policymakers to better understand public sentiment and tailor their communication strategies accordingly

Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Its Relationship with Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

The present study investigated the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) and its relationship with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 421 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who completely met the inclusion criteria, aged 67.3 ± 12.8 years, among 622 outpatients were recruited in this cross-sectional study. We examined the use of CAM, such as supplements, Kampo, acupuncture, and yoga. HRQOL was assessed by EuroQOL. A total of 161 patients (38.2%) with type 2 diabetes mellitus used some type of CAM. The use of supplements and/or health foods was the highest among CAM users (112 subjects, 26.6%). HRQOL was significantly lower in patients who used some CAM (0.829 ± 0.221) than in those without any CAM use (0.881 ± 0.189), even after adjustments for confounding factors [F(1, 414) = 2.530, p = 0.014]. Proper information on CAM is needed for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

A Novel Method for Detecting Lanthanum Phosphate Deposition in the Gastroduodenal Mucosa Using Fluorescence Microscopy

Diagnostic utility of fluorescence microscopy for lanthanum phosphate deposition in the gastrointestinal mucosa has not been reported previously. In this study, we comparatively assessed the light, electron, and fluorescence microscopy features of gastroduodenal lanthanum phosphate deposition in 10 patients with deposits in the stomach and 5 patients with deposits in the duodenum. During light microscopy, lanthanum deposits were observed as dark-brown, needle-shaped, or crystalloid structures and pale red amorphous materials. During electron microscopy, the deposited material appeared as bright aggregates. Fluorescence microscopy also revealed lanthanum deposits as bright areas under green, red, and blue filters. The deposits were more easily recognizable on electron and fluorescence microscopy than on light microscopy. Furthermore, during fluorescence microscopy, the green filter provided the most clear visualization of lanthanum phosphate. In conclusion, fluorescence microscopy with a green filter is useful in determining the degree and extent of lanthanum deposition in the gastroduodenal mucosa

Reality of Gastric Cancer in Young Patients: The Importance and Difficulty of the Early Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment

Gastric cancer usually arises in middle-aged to older patients, and is rarely found in younger patients. The clin-ical characteristics, etiology, prognosis, preventive methods and treatment of gastric cancer in young patients have not been fully investigated because of its low prevalence. In this review, we discuss the current under-standing and clinical problems associated with gastric cancer in young patients. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which is a major cause of gastric cancer, especially in older populations, is closely associated with gastric cancer in young patients as well as in older patients. Gastric cancer in young patients tends to be diagnosed at an advanced stage with alarm symptoms. However, young patients with advanced gastric cancer tend to have a favorable general condition and organ function, so they can tolerate intensive systematic chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the prognosis of gastric cancer in young patients with an advanced stage is not favorable. We should not take this rare disease lightly, given its poor prognosis if patients are diagnosed at an unresectable stage. The evaluation of the H. pylori infection status and performance of H. pylori eradication therapy to prevent gastric cancer in young patients as well as the development of more intensive chemotherapy regimens for unre-sectable gastric cancer in young patients are warranted

Effect of temperature on the cavitation erosion of cast iron

Vibratory cavitation erosion tests of gray cast iron, together with tests of tool steel and 316 stainless steel for comparison, were performed at various water temperatures and horn amplitudes under a suppression pressure of 1 bar. The erosion processes for cast iron under the highest temperatures used (200 and 230 [deg]F, i.e. 93 and 110 [deg]C) are similar to those at room temperature. For each of the materials tested, the maximum weight loss rate increases, shows a peak and then decreases with increasing temperature. However, the maximum damage temperature for cast iron decreases with amplitude, i.e. 200, 170 and 160 [deg]F (93, 77 and 71 [deg]C) for double-horn amplitudes of 1.0 x 10-3, 1.38 x 10-3 and 1.78 x 10-3 in (25.4, 35.1 and 45.2 [mu]m). The peak for tool steel and 316 stainless steel occurs at 160 [deg]F (71 [deg]C) regardless of amplitude. Liquid temperature effects for cast iron erosion were explained by considering the interrelation between corrosive action and mechanical action due to cavitation bubble collapse.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/25276/1/0000719.pd

Detection of Minute Duodenal Follicular Lymphoma Lesions Using Magnifying Endoscopy

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed small duodenal lesions in a 56-year-old Japanese man and a 92-year-old Japanese woman with stage IV follicular lymphoma. Magnifying endoscopy examination revealed tiny white deposits in the second duodenal portion of the former patient and slightly enlarged duodenal villi in the latter. In both cases, biopsy revealed infiltration of follicular lymphoma cells and incipient formation of neoplastic follicles. Here, we discuss the usefulness of magnifying endoscopy and narrow-band imaging for the detection of small duodenal lesions in follicular lymphoma cases

Two Cases of Duodenal Ulcers That Developed after Transcatheter Procedures for Unruptured Visceral Artery Aneurysms

Herein, we report two cases of duodenal ulcers that developed after transcatheter procedures for the treatment of unruptured artery aneurysms. Both patients recovered after the administration of nothing by mouth, intravenous fluids, and proton-pump inhibitors. Notably, the duodenal ulcer was unchanged in one patient six days after endovascular treatment and improved in the other patient 13 days after angiography. These cases suggest that conservative treatment is acceptable in patients with duodenal ischemia that develops as an adverse effect of endovascular procedures. The usefulness of esophagogastroduodenoscopy in such patients has also been highlighted