Low density carbon nanotube forest as an index-matched and near perfect absorption coating

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98687/1/ApplPhysLett_99_211103.pd

Continuous phase-shift lithography with a roll-type mask and application to transparent conductor fabrication

We report the development of a near-field optical nanolithography method using a roll-type phase-shift mask. Sub-wavelength resolution is achieved using near-field exposure of photoresist through a cylindrical phase mask, allowing dynamic and high throughput continuous patterning. As an application, we present the fabrication of a transparent electrode in the form of a metallic wire grid by using the roller-based optical lithography method. To fabricate a mesh-type metal pattern, a specific phase-shift mask was designed and critical experimental parameters were also studied. As a result, a transparent conductor with suitable properties was achieved with a recently built cylindrical phase-shift lithography prototype designed to pattern on 100 mm 2 of substrate area.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98604/1/0957-4484_23_34_344008.pd

Flexible ultraviolet and ambient light sensor based on nanomaterial network fabricated by using selective and localized wet-chemical reactions

We report ZnO nanowire- and TiO_2 nanotube-based light sensors on flexible polymer substrates fabricated by localized hydrothermal synthesis and liquid phase deposition (LPD). This method realized simple and cost-effective in situ synthesis and integration of one-dimensional ZnO and TiO_2 nanomaterials. The fabricated sensor devices with ZnO nanowires and TiO_2 nanotubes show very high sensitivity and quick response to the ultraviolet (UV) and ambient light, respectively. In addition, our direct synthesis and integration method result in mechanical robustness under external loading such as static and cyclic bending because of the strong bonding between the nanomaterial and the electrode. By controlling the reaction time of the LPD process, the Ti/Zn ratio could be simply modulated and the spectral sensitivity to the light in the UV to visible range could be controlled

Fabrication and Encapsulation of a Short‐Period Wire Grid Polarizer with Improved Viewing Angle by the Angled‐Evaporation Method

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/101761/1/adom201300276-sup-0001-S1.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/101761/2/adom201300276.pd

Facile route of flexible wire grid polarizer fabrication by angled-evaporations of aluminum on two sidewalls of an imprinted nanograting

In this study, we report a new method to fabricate a wire grid polarizer (WGP) that greatly relaxes the requirement on patterning and etching, and can be easily applied to produce flexible WGPs. The technique is to pattern a high aspect ratio and narrow linewidth grating by nanoimprint lithography followed by two angled aluminum depositions in opposite directions to produce the narrow spacing between the aluminum lines required for a visible band WGP. Anisotropic reactive ion etching is used to remove the aluminum deposited at the top of the grating but leave the aluminum layer on the grating sidewalls, thereby forming a metal wire grid with much smaller spacings than a lithographically defined grating. As a result, the fabricated WGP showed good performance in a wide range of visible wavelength.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/98605/1/0957-4484_23_34_344018.pd

Corrigendum: Demonstration of nanoimprinted hyperlens array for high-throughput sub-diffraction imaging

11Ysciescopu

Carbon-Nanotube Optoacoustic Lens for Focused Ultrasound Generation and High-Precision Targeted Therapy

We demonstrate a new optical approach to generate high-frequency (>15 MHz) and high-amplitude focused ultrasound, which can be used for non-invasive ultrasound therapy. A nano-composite film of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and elastomeric polymer is formed on concave lenses, and used as an efficient optoacoustic source due to the high optical absorption of the CNTs and rapid heat transfer to the polymer upon excitation by pulsed laser irradiation. The CNT-coated lenses can generate unprecedented optoacoustic pressures of >50 MPa in peak positive on a tight focal spot of 75 μm in lateral and 400 μm in axial widths. This pressure amplitude is remarkably high in this frequency regime, producing pronounced shock effects and non-thermal pulsed cavitation at the focal zone. We demonstrate that the optoacoustic lens can be used for micro-scale ultrasonic fragmentation of solid materials and a single-cell surgery in terms of removing the cells from substrates and neighboring cells

The taxonomy and diversity of Proschkinia (Bacillariophyta), a common but enigmatic genus from marine coasts

Detailed morphological documentation is provided for established Proschkinia taxa, including the generitype, P. bulnheimii, and P. complanata, P. complanatula, P. complanatoides and P. hyalosirella, and six new species. All established taxa are characterized from original material from historical collections. The new species described in this paper (P. luticola, P. staurospeciosa, P. impar, P. modesta, P. fistulispectabilis, and P. rosowskii) were isolated from the Western Pacific (Yellow Sea coast of Korea) and the Atlantic (Scottish and Texas coasts). Thorough documentation of the frustule, valve and protoplast architecture revealed the combination of characters diagnostic of the genus Proschkinia: a single‐lobed chloroplast; a broad girdle composed of U‐shaped, perforated bands; the position of the conopeate raphe‐sternum relative to the external and internal valve surface; and the presence of an occluded process through the valve, termed the “fistula”. Seven strains of Proschkinia were grown in culture and five of these were sequenced for nuclear ribosomal SSU and plastid‐encoded rbcL. Phylogenetic analysis recovered a clade of Proschkinia with Fistulifera, another fistula‐bearing diatom genus, and together these were sister to a clade formed of the Stauroneidaceae; in turn, all of these were sister to a clade composed of Parlibellus and two monoraphid genera Astartiella and Schizostauron. Despite morphological similarities between Proschkinia and the Naviculaceae, these two taxa are distant in our analysis. We document the variation in the morphology of Proschkinia, including significant variability in the fistula, suggesting that fistula ultrastructure might be one of the key features for species identification within the genus.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio