1,012 research outputs found
A geometric Newton method for Oja's vector field
Newton's method for solving the matrix equation runs
up against the fact that its zeros are not isolated. This is due to a symmetry
of by the action of the orthogonal group. We show how
differential-geometric techniques can be exploited to remove this symmetry and
obtain a ``geometric'' Newton algorithm that finds the zeros of . The
geometric Newton method does not suffer from the degeneracy issue that stands
in the way of the original Newton method
Canonical analysis based on scatter matrices.
In this paper, the influence functions and limiting distributions of the canonical correlations and coefficients based on affine equivariant scatter matrices are developed for elliptically symmetric distributions. General formulas for limiting variances and covariances of the canonical correlations and canonical vectors based on scatter matrices are obtained. Also the use of the so-called shape matrices in canonical analysis is investigated. The scatter and shape matrices based on the affine equivariant Sign Covariance Matrix as well as the Tyler's shape matrix serve as examples. Their finite sample and limiting efficiencies are compared to those of the Minimum Covariance Determinant estimators and S-estimator through theoretical and simulation studies. The theory is illustrated by an example.Canonical correlations; Canonical variables; Canonical vectors; Covariance; Covariance determinant estimator; Determinant estimator; Distribution; Efficiency; Estimator; Functions; Influence function; Matrix; Principal components; Scatter; Shape matrix; Sign; Sign covariance mix; Simulation; Studies; Theory; Tyler's estimate; Variance;
d0 Ferromagnetic Interface Between Non-magnetic Perovskites
We use computational and experimental methods to study d0 ferromagnetism at a
charge- imbalanced interface between two perovskites. In SrTiO3/KTaO3
superlattice calculations, the charge imbalance introduces holes in the SrTiO3
layer, inducing a d0 ferromagnetic half-metallic 2D electron gas at the
interface oxygen 2p orbitals. The charge imbalance overrides doping by
vacancies at realistic concentrations. Varying the constituent materials shows
ferromagnetism to be a gen- eral property of hole-type d0 perovskite
interfaces. Atomically sharp epitaxial d0 SrTiO3/KTaO3, SrTiO3 /KNbO3 and
SrTiO3 /NaNbO3 interfaces are found to exhibit ferromagnetic hysteresis at room
temperature. We suggest the behavior is due to high density of states and
exchange coupling at the oxygen t1g band in comparison with the more studied d
band t2g symmetry electron gas.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Searches for violation of fundamental time reversal and space reflection symmetries in solid state experiments
The electric dipole moment (EDM) of a particle violates both time reversal
(T) and space reflection (P) symmetries. There have been recent suggestions for
searches of the electron EDM using solid state experiments [1,2]. These
experiments could improve the sensitivity compared to present atomic and
molecular experiments by several orders of magnitude. In the present paper we
calculate the expected effect. We also suggest that this kind of experiment is
sensitive to T,P-violation in nuclear forces and calculate effects caused by
the nuclear Schiff moment.
The compounds under consideration contain magnetic Gd ions and oxygen
O ions. We demonstrate that the main mechanism for the T,P-odd effects
is related to the penetration of the Oxygen 2p-electrons to the Gd core. All
the effects are related to the deformation of the crystal lattice.Comment: 13 pages, 6 figure
Radial Velocity Studies of Close Binary Stars. IX
Radial-velocity measurements and sine-curve fits to the orbital velocity
variations are presented for the eighth set of ten close binary systems: AB
And, V402 Aur, V445 Cep, V2082 Cyg, BX Dra, V918 Her, V502 Oph, V1363 Ori, KP
Peg, V335 Peg. Half of the systems (V445 Cep, V2082 Cyg, V918 Her, V1363 Ori,
V335 Peg) were discovered photometrically by the Hipparcos mission and all
systems are double-lined (SB2) contact binaries. The broadening function method
permitted improvement of the orbital elements for AB And and V502 Oph. The
other systems have been observed for radial velocity variations for the first
time; in this group are five bright (V<7.5) binaries: V445 Cep, V2082 Cyg, V918
Her, KP Peg and V335 Peg. Several of the studied systems are prime candidates
for combined light and radial-velocity synthesis solutions.Comment: 17+ pages, 2 tables, 4 figure
Damagnetization cooling of a gas
We demonstrate demagnetization cooling of a gas of ultracold Cr atoms.
Demagnetization is driven by inelastic dipolar collisions which couple the
motional degrees of freedom to the spin degree. By that kinetic energy is
converted into magnetic work with a consequent temperature reduction of the
gas. Optical pumping is used to magnetize the system and drive continuous
demagnetization cooling. Applying this technique, we can increase the phase
space density of our sample by one order of magnitude, with nearly no atom
loss. This method can be in principle extended to every dipolar system and
could be used to achieve quantum degeneracy via optical means.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Theory of Interplay of Nuclear Magnetism and Superconductivity in AuIn2
The recently reported coexistence of a magnetic order, with the critical
temperature T_M=35 \mu*K, and superconductivity, with the critical temperature
T_S=207 m*K, in AuIn_2 is studied theoretically. It is shown that
superconducting (S) electrons and localized nuclear magnetic moments (LM's)
interact dominantly via the contact hyperfine (EX) interaction, giving rise to
a spiral (or domain-like) magnetic order in superconducting phase. The
electromagnetic interaction between LM's and S electrons is small compared to
the EX one giving minor contribution to the formation of the oscillatory
magnetic order. In clean samples (l>\xi_0) of AuIn the oscillatory magnetic
order should produce a line of nodes in the quasiparticle spectrum of S
electrons giving rise to the power law behavior. The critical field H_c(T=0) in
the coexistence phase is reduced by factor two with respect to its bare value.Comment: 4 pages with 2 PS figures, RevTeX, submitted to Physical Review B -
Rapid Communication
Extraction of Coherent Information from Non-Overlapping Receptive Fields
It has been suggested that long-range lateral connections in the cortex play a contextual role in that they modulate the gain of the response to primary receptive field input. In the first part of this paper I show that a network with a set of such pre-wired connections has a short-term dynamics that enhances and stabilizes coherent information defined across multiple, non-overlapping receptive fields. In the second part, I suggest a simple Hebbian rule that can develop the required pattern of synaptic strengths and describe two simulations where the networks discover information that is defined only by its coherence across receptive fields
The Palomar Testbed Interferometer Calibrator Catalog
The Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) archive of observations between 1998
and 2005 is examined for objects appropriate for calibration of optical
long-baseline interferometer observations - stars that are predictably
point-like and single. Approximately 1,400 nights of data on 1,800 objects were
examined for this investigation. We compare those observations to an
intensively studied object that is a suitable calibrator, HD217014, and
statistically compare each candidate calibrator to that object by computing
both a Mahalanobis distance and a Principal Component Analysis. Our hypothesis
is that the frequency distribution of visibility data associated with
calibrator stars differs from non-calibrator stars such as binary stars.
Spectroscopic binaries resolved by PTI, objects known to be unsuitable for
calibrator use, are similarly tested to establish detection limits of this
approach. From this investigation, we find more than 350 observed stars
suitable for use as calibrators (with an additional being
rejected), corresponding to sky coverage for PTI. This approach
is noteworthy in that it rigorously establishes calibration sources through a
traceable, empirical methodology, leveraging the predictions of spectral energy
distribution modeling but also verifying it with the rich body of PTI's on-sky
observations.Comment: 100 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables; to appear in the May 2008ApJS, v176n
- …