An illustrated guide to the genera of Myodocopida (Ostracoda: Crustacea) collected from western Japan during the cruise of TRV Toyoshiomaru <Data>

広島大学生物生産学部附属練習船「豊潮丸」によって実施された3航海16定点（日本海南部海域，9定点；有明海，1定点；瀬戸内海，6定点）で得られたウミホタル目貝形虫類について報告する。今回の航海で，27種の未記載種と北西太平洋初記録1属1種を含む4科16属36種が採集された。未記載種を数多く含むことから，日本近海におけるウミホタル目の分類学的研究は未だ不十分であるといえる。今後の本目の分類学的研究を促進するため，得られた標本の形態観察結果をもとに属レベルの検索図を提示する。During three cruises of TRV Toyoshiomaru, 4 families, 16 genera, and 36 species of Myodocopida (Ostracoda) were collected from the southern part of the Sea of Japan, Ariake Sea, and Seto Inland Sea. Because most (27/36) species are undescribed, current taxonomic studies are insufficient for these myodocopids. This paper supplies an illustrated guide to the genera of Myodocopida obtained on these cruises. This contribution is expected to lead to improved taxonomic knowledge of Myodocopida.本研究の一部は日本学術振興会科学研究費補助金（特別研究員奨励費，No. 263700，田中隼人）により行われたものである

パプアニューギニアで食用とされるミナミスナホリガニHippa adactylaの分子的同定

パプアニューギニアのラバウル近郊で現地人により採取されたスナホリガニの一種ミナミスナホリガニHippa adactyla Fabricius, 1787について，核18S及びミトコンドリア16SリボソームRNA遺伝子配列を解析し，近縁種間及び同種内の関係について分子的に比較した。その結果，インド－太平洋域に広く分布するとされる本種において，パプアニューギニア産個体はインド洋産個体と分子的に異なる一方，台湾産個体とは極めて近い関係にあることが示された。あわせて，本種を「グムグム（Gum Gum）」と呼んで食用とする現地の習慣を，他の地域の食習慣とともに紹介した。本稿は，南太平洋域のスナホリガニ類の分子的情報と，同域での食用採取について，初めて報告するものである。A specimen of Hippa adactyla Fabricius, 1787, was collected from Blanche Bay, Papua New Guinea. Nuclear 18S and mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences were examined for interspecies and intraspecies comparisons. The result suggests some genetic similarity and diversification of this species distributed widely in the Indo-Pacific. We also report a local culture of eating the animal under the name “Gum Gum”. This is a pioneering report on the genetic perspective and fishing of a mole crab in southwest Pacific

Strain Rate Concentration Factor for Double-Edge-Notched Specimens Subjected to High Speed Tensile Loads

Engineering plastics provide superior performance to ordinary plastics for wide range of the use. For polymer materials, dynamic stress and strain rate may be major factors to be considered when the strength is evaluated. Recently, high speed tensile test is being recognized as a standard testing method to confirm the strength under dynamic loads. In this study, therefore, high speed tensile test is analyzed by the finite element method; then, the maximum dynamic stress and strain rate are discussed with varying the tensile speed and maximum forced displacement. The strain rate concentration factor found to be constant independent of tensile speed, which is defined Ktέ as the maximum strain rate appeared at the notch root over the average nominal strain rate at the minimum section. The maximum strain rate is controlled by the tensile speed alone independent of the magnitude of the forced displacement. It is found that the difference between static and dynamic maximum stress concentration (σmax-σst) at the notch root is proportional to the tensile speed when u/t≦5000mm/s.13th International Conference on Fracture, June 16–21, 2013, Beijing, Chin

Some Observations of Morphology and Behavior of a Hyperbenthic Misophrioid Copepod

The locomotion, feeding, excretion, and oviposition of a member of the copepod family Misophriidae were observed based on a live specimen collected from a sandy bottom at a depth of 52 m off Nagannu Island, Okinawa, Japan. This species is related to Arcticomisophria Martínez Arbizu and Seifried, 1996 in the armature of leg 1, but the fifth leg is much more reduced. The combination of morphological characters strongly suggests that it represents an undescribed genus. The maxillipeds played a major role in attaching to the bottom and in crawling, while the antennae and mandibular palps were involved in slow swimming along the bottom. It fed on small-sized cultured phytoplankters, and excreted numerous fecal pellets. The female carried 4-5 eggs of 0.09 mm diameter that were loosely attached to the urosome. Nearly complete nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA gene sequences and a partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene sequence were obtained and are made available for future phylogenetic and systematic work

Possible westward extension of submerged Oyashio waters to off Tanagashima Island, Kyushu, western Japan: based on the occurrence of the subarctic copepod Neocalanus cristatus

大型浮遊性カイアシ類Neocalanus cristatus は北太平洋亜寒帯に分布し，日本列島の太平洋側に沿って南進する親潮潜流に無効分散する。親潮潜流において本種の最も西側における過去の出現記録は北緯28°，東経134° であった。2015年5月に実施した調査で，種子島約300 km 東方（北緯30°50′，東経131°30′）において本種のコペポディドV 期幼体が出現したため，親潮潜流がこの地点の水深600～950 m まで達している可能性が示唆された。The large-sized planktonic copepod Neocalanus cristatus is distributed in the subarctic Pacific Ocean, and also occurs in the submerged Oyashio Current flowing southward along the Pacific side of Japan as pseudopopulations. These have been recorded from 28˚N, 134˚E, suggesting this may be the westernmost and southernmost boundary of the submergence. The present survey implies that the submergence reaches further westwards to off Tanegashima Island, Kyushu (30˚50′N, 131˚30′E) (ca. 300km), based on the occurrence of the fifth copepodid stage of N. cristatus at presumed depths of 600 to 950m.本研究の一部は日本学術振興会科学研究費（基盤研究C, No.16K07825，代表 大塚　攻）によって行われた

Estimation of density of the semaestome jellyfish Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye, 1891 in surface waters of Ariake Sea by visual observation <Article>

有明海表面付近におけるユウレイクラゲの密度を調査するために2014年10月，豊潮丸船上から目視観察を行った。早崎瀬戸－熊本港沖合間（10月27日，12:35-15:35），熊本港－有明海中央部St-B間（10月28日，8:15-10:15）および有明海中央部St-B－熊本港間（10月29日，14:00-16:00）ではそれぞれ3.2～19.4個体／0.1 km2，13.0～114.5個体／0.1 km2，4.3～110.2個体／0.1 km2を示した。今回の調査においてユウレイクラゲの有明海における分布様式は集中分布を示し，ユウレイクラゲの密度と観測区間内の平均風速の間に有意な負の相関が見られた。We estimated the density of the semaestome jellyfish Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye, 1891 in the surface waters of Ariake Sea by visual observation in October 2014. The densities of the jellyfish were 3.2-19.4, 13.0-114.5, 4.3-110.2 individuals per 0.1 km2 along three respective lines, namely, Hayasaki Seto to Kumamoto Port (27 October, 12:35-15:35), Kumamoto Port to St-B (28 October, 8:15-10:15), and St-B to Kumamoto Port (29 October, 14:00-16:00). Our observational data showed that C. nozakii had a clumped distribution in the sea. The density of C. nozakii correlated negatively with wind speed.本研究の一部は科学研究補助金（基盤研究（B），No.25304031）の援助を受けたものである

Figure 2 in Molecular evidence on evolutionary switching from particle-feeding to sophisticated carnivory in the calanoid copepod family Heterorhabdidae: drastic and rapid changes in functions of homologues

Figure 2. Phylogenetic tree based on the 18S + 28S rRNA genes of heterorhabdids. The numbers on branches indicate bootstrap values (maximum likelihood, ML) and posterior probability (Bayesian inference, BI). Two metridinids (Metridia effusa and Pleuromamma abdominalis) were chosen as the outgroup taxa. The star (Node ★) indicates the innovation of a poison-injection system.Published as part of Hirabayashi, Takeshi, Ohtsuka, Susumu, Urata, Makoto, Tomikawa, Ko & Tanaka, Hayato, 2016, Molecular evidence on evolutionary switching from particle-feeding to sophisticated carnivory in the calanoid copepod family Heterorhabdidae: drastic and rapid changes in functions of homologues, pp. 1759-1772 in Journal of Natural History 50 on page 1765, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1155779, http://zenodo.org/record/399221

Molecular evidence on evolutionary switching from particle-feeding to sophisticated carnivory in the calanoid copepod family Heterorhabdidae: drastic and rapid changes in functions of homologues

Hirabayashi, Takeshi, Ohtsuka, Susumu, Urata, Makoto, Tomikawa, Ko, Tanaka, Hayato (2016): Molecular evidence on evolutionary switching from particle-feeding to sophisticated carnivory in the calanoid copepod family Heterorhabdidae: drastic and rapid changes in functions of homologues. Journal of Natural History 50: 1759-1772, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1155779, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2016.115577