Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

The Role of Nutrition in Women with Benign Cyclic Mastalgia: A Case-Control Study

Objective: Smoking, caffeine, oral contraception, and exercise are the most cited factors for premenstrual mastalgia in the literature, but remain controversial. In this study, we aimed to investigate the most often proposed nutritional factors for cyclic breast pain

Novel Approaches in Pilonidal Sinus Treatment

Pilonidal sinus is a very common inflammatory disease of the gluteal region. The ideal method of pilonidal sinus treatment should have a low recurrence rate with minimum excision. Moreover, the treatment method should have a short hospitalization time, should let the patient return to his normal life rapidly, should cause minimum loss of labour and should result a small scar only. In the presented review, modalities in pilonidal sinus treatment in the light of current information in the literature are evaluated

A Rare Complication of Composite Dual Mesh: Migration and Enterocutaneous Fistula Formation

Introduction. Mesh is commonly employed for abdominal hernia repair because it ensures a low recurrence rate. However, enterocutaneous fistula due to mesh migration can occur as a very rare, late complication, for which diagnosis is very difficult. Presentation of Case. Here we report the case of an enterocutaneous fistula due to late mesh migration in a mentally retarded, diabetic, 35-year-old male after umbilical hernia repair with composite dual mesh in 2010. Discussion. Mesh is a foreign substance, because of that some of the complications including hematoma, seroma, foreign body reaction, organ damage, infection, mesh rejection, and fistula formation may occur after implantation of the mesh. In the literature, most cases of mesh-associated enterocutaneous fistula due to migration involved polypropylene meshes. Conclusion. This case serves as a reminder of migration of composite dual meshes

The weight and ghrelin changes of fecal microbiota transplantation in rats

Background: Fecal microbiota transplantation is a promising method to solve obesity. Our study's aim was to investigate the changes of weight and ghrelin levels in obese rats receiving fecal microbiota transplantation from lean rats. Methodology: Twenty-one rats were divided into three equal groups: Group 1: Obese control group; group 2: Obese recipient group; and group 3: Lean donor group. Feces which was collected from donor group was transferred to the rats in recipient group, orally by gavage, 3 times every other day. The weight and ghrelin levels were measured from each rat at the beginning and end of the study. Results: There was statistically significant weight gain in donor group (p: 0.001), but there were no statistical significant weight chances was detected in control and recipient groups (p: 0.82, p: 0.12, respectively). There was an increase in donor and control groups, but a decrease was observed in the recipient group at ghrelin levels. However, there was no significant difference at ghrelin levels in any groups (p: 0.05, p: 0.2, p: 0.4, respectively). There was a significant relation in control group in weight and ghrelin changes (p: 0.007), but no significant relation was detected in either recipient or donor groups (p: 0.29, 0.53, respectively). Conclusion: Metabolism changes of obese rats were observed after fecal microbiota transplantation, and it was the only group that decreasing ghrelin levels

May Nesfatin-1 be a Biomarker in Acute Mesenteric Ischemia?

Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of nesfatin-1 in cases of intestinal ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion

The effects of lauromacrogol on thyroid tissue in rabbits. Is this a safe option for the treatment of nodular thyroid disease?

AIM: The effects of lauromacrogol as a sclerosing agent were evaluated on rabbit thyroid tissue