Strain and Shear Wave Elastography in Diagnosis of Retrobulbar Neuritis

WOS:000539245000010PubMed: 31022061Background: In the early stages of retrobulbar neuritis (RN), the optic disc appears normal on ophthalmoscopy. Therefore, the diagnosis of RN is usually made clinically. However, imaging tools are needed for precise diagnosis of RN, and usually MRI is used. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic performance of strain elastography (SE) and shear wave elastography (SWE) in patients with RN. Elastography is a new sonographic technique and a noninvasive ultrasound method for evaluating the elastic properties of tissues based on static compression: the elastographic techniques of SE compress the tissues axially, and SWE uses waves that are generated by transducers and interact with the tissue. Methods: The study included 40 eyes of 20 patients with sudden visual loss, who were diagnosed with RN. The eyes of the patients were divided into 2 groups: the eye with a diagnosis of RN was the group of RN eyes, and the healthy second eye was the group of control eyes. Ophthalmologic examination, orbital and brain MRI, SE, and SWE were performed. SE color mapping was divided into 3 types: blue-hardest tissue (Type 1), blue/green-hard tissue (Type 2), and green-intermediate tissue (Type 3). All patients were treated with high-dose corticosteroids. The measurements of SE and SWE were made immediately after diagnosis and 1 month after treatment. Results: The mean age of 11 male and 9 female patients was 38.3 +/- 12.2 years. At the time of diagnosis, the mean shear wave values for the control eyes were 18.47 +/- 7.26 kPa (kilopascals), and the mean shear wave values for the RN eyes were 37.21 +/- 8.24 kPa. There was a statistically significant difference between the control and RN eyes at the time of diagnosis (P < 0.001). The mean shear wave value was 19.92 +/- 4.77 kPa in the RN eyes after treatment. There was a statistically significant difference in values at the time of diagnosis and after treatment (P < 0.001). Strain types found in the RN eyes before treatment were Type 1 in 60% of eyes, Type 2 in 25%, and Type 3 in 15%; at the end of the treatment, Type 2 was observed in 25% of eyes and Type 3 in 75%, while Type 1 was not observed. Conclusions: SE and SWE may be important alternative diagnostic tools in the diagnosis of RN

Blood Chromium-Cobalt Levels In Patients After Total Knee Arthroplasty And Their Effect On The Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer And Macular Ganglion Cell Complex

WOS:000539255800030PubMed: 31021899Purpose: To study blood cobalt (Co) and chromium (Cr) levels in patients who have undergone total knee arthroplasty and their effect on the retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell complex. Methods: One hundred patients who had undergone total knee arthroplasty and 50 healthy individuals who had no implants were included in the study. The patients were separated into two groups based on how long ago the prosthesis had been implanted (Group 1: 1 to 5 years; Group 2: 5 to 10 years). After a complete ophthalmological examination, retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell complex of the patients were evaluated with optical coherence tomography, performed on dilated pupils. To assess the metal ion levels of the patients, venous blood samples were drawn from each patient. Results: The mean age of the patients was 64.72 +/- 6.26 years in Group 1, 67.80 +/- 8.07 years in Group 2, and 63.42 +/- 7.90 years in the control group. In the comparison of age and sex, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups and the control group. Co and Cr levels were statistically higher in Group 1 and Group 2 compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Mean retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses and mean macular ganglion cell complex thicknesses in Group 1 and Group 2 were statistically lower than in the control group. Conclusion: Levels of Co and Cr are higher in patients who undergone total knee arthroplasty than healthy subjects, and these higher levels were associated with changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer and macular ganglion cell complex.Kirikkale University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit, Adiyaman Besni State Hospital, Adiyaman,TurkeyKirikkale University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit, Adiyaman Besni State Hospital, Adiyaman,Turkey, supported this stud

Evaluation of the effects of selective laser trabeculoplasty on anterior segment parameters by anterior segment optical coherence tomography

WOS:000495711900001PubMed: 31713002To prospectively examine the effects of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) on the anterior chamber angle (ACA) and its related parameters using anterior segment-optic coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Fifty eyes of 50 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and ocular hypertension were included in the study. AS-OCT was performed before SLT application, immediately after and at 1 day and 1 month. Intraocular pressure (IOP), central corneal thickness (CCT) and anterior chamber depth (ACD) were also recorded and evaluated. No statistically significant difference was determined in ACA and other AS-OCT parameters (AOD, angle opening distance at 500 and 750 mm; TISA, trabecular-iris space area at 500 and 750 mm) before and 1 day after SLT application (p > 0.05). However, a statistically significant increase was determined in both the temporal and nasal ACA, AOD and TISA values between the baseline and day 30 (p 0.05). SLT resulted in an increase in ACA, AOD and TISA when evaluated using AS-OCT. We think that this study provides a different perspective concerning the effects of SLT in the angle region and the involved mechanism