Psychological characteristics as correlates of emotional burden in incarcerated offenders in Nigeria

No Abstract.The East African Medical Journal Vol. 83 (10) 2006: pp. 545-55

Transpupillary Thermotherapy for Classic Subfoveal Choroidal Neovascularization: A case report

Aim: To report a case of successful treatment of a classic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization with a transpupillary thermotherapy protocol. Case Report: A 67-year old pensioner presented with a sixmonth history of reduced vision in both eyes. He had been previously diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma. After anterior and posterior segment examination and fundus fluorescein angiography were done, a diagnosis of a classic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration OS with bilateral cataracts and primary open angle glaucoma OU was made. Complete resolution of the choroidal neovascular membrane was achieved with transpupillary thermotherapy. Keywords: transpupillary thermotherapy, age-related macular degeneration, subfoveal choroidal neovasularization, fundus fluorescein angiographyNigerian Journal of Opthalmology Vol. 15 (2) 2007: pp. 49-5

A Comparative Analysis of Ganglion Cell Complex Parameters in Nigerian Negroes with Glaucoma and Macular Disease

Aim: To evaluate the differences between ganglion cell complex (GCC) of primary open angle glaucoma and ocular disorders affecting the macula.Methods and Materials: Forty-seven patients diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma and 27 patients with macular diseases of different aetiology were enrolled in this pilot study. All patients underwent direct GCC analysis with the optical coherence tomographic scan, using the Optovue Fourier Domain RTVue-version. A comparison of the average GCC thickness, focal loss volume (FLV) and the global loss volume (GLV) of thetwo groups was made.Results: A total of 74 pairs of eyes were included in the study. This comprised 48 males and 26 females with a mean age of 53.8 ± 11.3 among glaucoma patients and 59.8 ± 9.8 among patients with macular disease. Eyes with macular disease (33.3%) and eyes with glaucoma(42.6%) had abnormal average GCC parameters. However, the mean average GCC value was significantly higher in eyes with macular disease (87.50 ± 20.73) when compared with eyes with glaucoma (76.55± 12.51) (p=0.01). A significantly higher percentage of eyes with macular disease (43.3%) had GLV values within normal range when compared with eyes with glaucoma (21.3%) (p=0.03). Abnormal FLV values were seen in both eyes with macular disease (83.3%) and eyes with glaucoma (80.9%) but the differences were not of statistical significance (p= 0.24).Conclusion: This pilot study demonstrated abnormal OCT GCC values in eyes with glaucoma as well as in eyes with macular disease. However, eyes with macular disease had significantly higher mean average GCC parameters but GLV parameters that were within normal values.Key words: glaucoma, macular disease, ganglion cell comple

Combined Cataract and Glaucoma Surgery: An assessment of 68 eyes in an eye hospital in Lagos, Nigeria

Objective: To assess the best corrected visual acuity and average intraocular pressure at 6 months and one (1) year in patients with cataracts in glaucoma that had combined trabeculectomy and cataract surgery with lens implantation. Methods: A retrospective review of the case notes of patients who underwent combined glaucoma and cataract surgery with lens implantation in a private eye centre, The Eye Foundation Hospital, was carried out, using the following parameters: age, pre-operative intraocular pressure (IOP), post-operative intraocular pressure preoperative and postoperative visual acuity, the number of preoperative antiglaucoma medications, and the number of postoperative antiglaucoma medications at one (1) year or more. Results: 68 eyes of 67 patients were assessed during the study. Thirty-one (44.93%) had preoperative visual acuity (VA) of light perception (LP) -6/60 (very poor). At 6 months post operatively, 50 patients were followed up, 40% (n=20) had a visual acuity of 6/12-6/5 (very good). At one year, 37 patients followed up, of those, 48.65% (n=18) maintained a visual acuity of 6/12-6/5(very good). Mean preoperative intraocular pressure was 18.96 ± 7.38mmHg. At 6 months, mean IOP was 11.77± 3.61mmHg; one (1) year postoperatively IOP was 13.93 ± 3.21mmHg. There was a statistically significant improvement in VA (

Ciliary Body Tumour Occurring in a Nigerian - A case report

Objective: To report the rare case of a 33-year-old female Nigerian who presented to our retina clinic with a chronic total retinal detachment and visual acuity of no light perception in her left eye. Re-attachment surgery in the eyewas not attempted as prognosis for return of vision was poor. She was later noted to harbor a progressively enlarging ciliarybody mass in the inferotemporal quadrant. Method: An observational case report was performed, withdocumentation of findings as patient was seen in the clinic.Conclusion: This is the first report of a ciliary body mass lesionin a Nigerian. The ciliary body mass could be a ciliary melanoma (ciliary body lesion being rarer than a choroidal mass) but other benign differential diagnoses must be borne in mind. Enucleation and histological assessment of the specimen will give the definitive diagnosis. Difficulties with patientacceptance of enucleating a non seeing eye though harboring a potentially harmful disease still abound in our environment

Anterior Hyaloidal Fibrovascular Proliferation (AHFVP) in a Diabetic after Cataract Extraction, Resulting in Hyphaema and Vitreous Haemorrhage during YAG Laser Capsulotomy

Aim: To report a rare case of anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation (AHFVP) which occurred after cataract surgery on a non-vitrectomized diabetic eye. This complication resulted in vitreous haemorrhage and hyphaema following a YAG laser capsulotomy procedure.Method: A case report of a patient managed at the above eyedepartment. Clinical records as indicated in the patient’s case note were reported.Conclusion: Anterior hyaloidal fibrovascular proliferation is a complication which an eye surgeon should bear in mind when attending to diabetic eyes after cataract surgery. The potential danger of vitreous haemorrhage following YAG laser capsulotomy should also be borne in mind, as more centres inthe country aspire to acquire a YAG laser machine to performcapsulotomy

Outcome of Lens-Sparing Vitrectomy for Infantile Post-Traumatic Amblyogenic Vitreous Haemorrhage: A case report

The visual outcome after bilateral lens-sparing 3-port pars planavitrectomy in a case of post-traumatic vitreous haemorrhagein an infant is reported. Although it is possible to perform avitrectomy procedure via a pars plana approach in infantswithout compromise to the lens for the treatment ofamblyogenic vitreous opacity, such as vitreous haemorrhage,the visual outcome could be poor in cases associated withtrauma owing to possible structural damage to the macular,the optic nerve and other more posterior visual pathway

Refractive aim and visual outcome after phacoemulsification: A 2‑year review from a Tertiary Private Eye Hospital in Sub‑Saharan Africa

Aim: To review the short‑term visual outcome of phacoemulsification in adults with uncomplicated cataracts in Eye Foundation Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria.Materials and Methods: A retrospective review of records of patients that had phacoemulsification between January 2012 and December 2013 in Eye Foundation Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria, was done. Preoperative visual acuity, refractive aim, intraoperative complications, postoperative unaided, and best‑corrected visual acuity at 1 and 3 months were analyzed. Only eyes of adults that had phacoemulsification for uncomplicated cataracts were included in the study, all pediatric cataracts and eyes with ocular comorbidities were excluded. Common ocular comorbidities excluded were corneal opacity/corneal scar, glaucoma, uveitis, pseudo exfoliation syndrome, moderate and severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy, macula edema, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, eye trauma, age‑related macular degeneration, previous corneal surgery, glaucoma surgery, and previous or simultaneous vitreoretinal surgery.Results: A total of 157 eyes of 119 patients who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed. There were 60 (50.4%) females and 59 (49.6%) males, with age range from 31 to 91 years and a mean of 65.3 ± 11.10 years. Only eyes with available data were analyzed at 1 and 3 months postoperatively. In 112 eyes (85.7%), the refractive aim was met, 21 eyes (14.3%) did not meet their refractive aim, 20 eyes (12.7%) were excluded, the refractive aim could not be determined from the records as surgeons did not specify, and in 4 eyes, the required information was missing from the case files. An unaided visual acuity of 6/18 and better was achieved in 134 eyes (85.4%) at 1 month and 126 eyes (85.9%) at 3 months whereas best‑corrected vision of 6/18 and better was achieved by 145 eyes (92.4%) at 1 month and 146 eyes (98.0%) at 3 months.Conclusion: Surgical outcomes after phacoemulsification are comparable with international benchmarks for good outcomes, with 85.4% of eyes achieving within 1 D of spherical equivalent of the refractive aim, 92.4% and 98.0% of eyes also achieving best‑corrected visual acuities of 6/18 and better at 1 and 3 postoperative months, respectively. Unaided vision of 6/18 and better was also achieved in 85.4% and 85.9% at 1 and 3 postoperative months, respectively.Key words: Best‑corrected visual acuity, phacoemulsification, refractive ai

Pattern of presentations seen in sickle cell retinopathy patients at eye foundation hospital Lagos, Nigeria

Objective: To describe the pattern of presentation of sickle cell retinopathy patients who presented at the Eye Foundation Hospital Lagos, Nigeria between January 2002 and March 2003.Materials and Methods: The medical records of 27 patients who presented at the Eye Foundation Hospital with retinal changes due to sickle cell disease within a 15-month period were reviewed retrospectively.Results: A total of 27 patients were evaluated, 67% were male while 33% were female. The mean age at presentation was 36.18 years with female patients tending to present earlier than male patients.The most common complaint at presentation was a sudden drop in vision seen in 63% of the patients evaluated. The dominant genotype among the patients was SC with 81.5%; 7.4% were SS and 11.1% were AS. The duration from onset of symptoms to presentation was evaluated. The median duration at presentation was greater than 12 weeks after onset of symptoms; 85% of patients presenting had proliferative retinal changes. Proliferative sickle retinopathy (PSR) changes were classified according to Goldberg&#146s classification of 1971. Stage 4 PSR was the most common stage seen, occurring in 48% of patients.Conclusion: Sickle cell retinopathy patients seen at the Eye Foundation Hospital generally presented after 12 weeks of onset of sudden drop in vision. They were mostly in the SC genotype group and mostly had stage 4 proliferative retinopathy according to Goldberg&#146s classification.Keywords: sickle cell retinopathy, pattern of presentation, genotypeNigerian Journal of Ophthalmology Vol. 13 (1) 2005: 17-2