EFFECT OF CHLORELLA AS A BIOFERTILIZER ON GERMINATION OF WHEAT AND BARLEY GRAINS

Most of the agriculture sectors have been dependent heavily on inorganic chemical-based fertilizers, which are harmful for both human health and environment. The utilization of beneficial microbes as a biofertilizer has become major concern in industrial agriculture for their potential role in food safety and sustainable crop production. In this study, we examined the effect of Chlorella on germination of barley and wheat grains. Seeds were germinated in culture medium containing microalga (Chlorella sp. 56) and grown for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days in order to study its effect on growth parameters. In conclusion, Chlorella suspension increased the seed growth compared to those of control (sterilized culture medium) of seed germination. The best treatments were 0.06 g/L and 0.23 g/L of algal suspension for the root and shoot lengths of barley and wheat seeds, respectively

Effect of Chlorella vulgaris as a biofertilizer on germination of tomato and cucumber seeds

Although inorganic fertilizers are known to raise environmental and health problems, the current agricultural practices are heavily dependent on the application of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. In this study, we examined the effect of Chlorella vulgaris strain on germination of tomato and cucumber seeds. Seeds were germinated in culture medium containing algal strain and grown for 3, 6, 9 and 12 days to study its effect on growth parameters. As results, C. vulgaris suspension increased the seed growth compared to those of the control (sterilized culture medium) of seed germination. The best treatments were 0.17 and 0.25 g/L of algal suspension for the root and shoot lengths of tomato and cucumber seeds, respectively

Identification and characterization of leaf rust (Puccinia triticina) and Fusarium head blight (Fusarium graminearum) related genes in domesticated wheat varieties in Mongolia

Wheat is recognized as the major crop among all cereals. For better quality and disease-free production, the current study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of genetic leaf rust resistance and fusarium head blight in nineteen genotypes of wheat, which are commonly grown in Mongolia. For example Khalkhgol-1, Darkhan-131, Darkhan-160, Darkhan-144, Orkhon, Darkhan-34, Darkhan-74, Darkhan-193, Altaiskaya-100, Darkhan-181, Darkhan-141, Buryatskaya osistiya, Darkhan-166, Buryatskaya-79, Buryatskaya-34, Selenge, Altaiskaya-530, Altaiskaya-325 and Altaiskaya jinitsa genotypes. The presence of Lr34 and Fhbt1 genes were evaluated for leaf rust and fusarium head blight respectively. Lr34 gene was reported in the Darkhan-160 and Darkhan-181 genotypes, while fusarium head blight was not reported in any of the genotype

Some Physiological and Biochemical Properties of Microalgae in Vegetable Soil

Chlorella is included in a group of an autotrophic protococci alga and is occurred in ponds, wells, moist soil and on the surface of trees. It is circular in shape, 1.5-10.5μm in size and is a unicellular alga (1). Among them, some strains of Chlorella genus contain 45-50% protein, 20- 25% carbohydrate, 7-10% lipids, and biologically active substances such as several types of vitamins and essential amino acids, hence, other countries are widely utilizing them in food, forage, pharmaceutical and cosmetic purposes (1.7). Other countries are searching for chances to isolate a microalgae strain from their natural resources which can synthesize biologically active substances, to determine their properties, to utilize them practically and to produce their biopreparations by biotechnological methods (1.2.7). Therefore, we studied the physiological and biochemical properties of the cultures that were isolated from the soil of a greenhouse in order to detect a biologically active microalgae strain.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v0i4.51 Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences 2009 No.4 pp.86-8

粘性逸散と軸方向熱伝導を考慮した環状流路内の層流熱伝達

長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博（生）甲第59号 学位授与年月日:平成17年3月18

粘性逸散と軸方向熱伝導を考慮した環状流路内の層流熱伝達

長崎大学学位論文 学位記番号:博(生)甲第59号 学位授与年月日:平成17年3月18

In silico promoter analysis and expression of the BIG BROTHER gene in different organs of potato

The ubiquitin E3 ligase BIG BROTHER/ENHANCER OF DA1 (BB) gene encoding a RING finger protein was identified as a central growth regulator in Arabidopsis thaliana. It was found that BB restricts cell proliferation and promotes leaf senescence. Besides of Arabidopsis, however, the role and regulation of BB in other plant species is only sparsely known. Supposing that the BB gene, like in Arabidopsis, has an important role in the development of potato we aimed to analyse a 3.0-kb promoter sequence of the potato BB gene, StBB, in silico and study the level of StBB expression by quantitative reverse transcription PCR in different organs. A total of 48 binding sites for 15 transcription factor (TF) families were predicted. Most of them were located in the -1.5-kb promoter region. The dominating family of TFs was DOF. It was found that 20 out of the 24 TFs with known functions are involved in developmental processes such as for example, the flower-, leaf-, stem- and root development or cell cycle regulation. In line with this finding, the StBB mRNA was detected in each organ tested with the largest amounts in petal and stamen. These results suggest a similar function of StBB in potato than that is of BB in Arabidopsis, i.e., restriction of organ overgrowth during development and limitation of the plant growth

Effects of viscous dissipation and fluid axial heat conduction on entrance-region heat transfer in parallel plates : Part II: The thermal boundary condition of the second kind

In the present paper, the extension of the work on the combined effects of viscous dissipation, fluid axial heat conduction and moving boundary to cover the thermal boundary condition of constant wall heat flux is considered. The laminar forced convection in parallel plates is investigated under the assumptions of hydrodynamically fully developed non-Newtonian fluid flow, the uniform temperature at upstream infinity and a step change in wall heat flux at z = 0. The temperature distribution of the fluid for - ∞ < z < ∞ is determined and the effects of relative velocity of the moving plate, Brinkman number and Peclet number on developing temperature distribution and Nusselt number are discussed

Laminar heat transfer in concentric annuli with viscous dissipation and fluid axial heat conduction : Part II: Thermal boundary condition of the second kind

The present paper which is an extension of the previous study^ on the combined effects of viscous dissipation, fluid axial heat conduction, relative velocity of the core and radius ratio on thermally developing laminar flow heat transfer, deals with the thermal boundary condition of constant heat flux. The solution is based on coordinate transformation of the elliptic energy equation. The present numerical solutions were compared with the relevant data^ by the previous researchers and the authors, and the agreement was very well

Laminar heat transfer in concentric annuli with viscous dissipation and fluid axial heat conduction : Part I: Thermal boundary condition of the first kind

The present numerical study investigates the influence of fluid axial heat conduction, viscous dissipation, relative velocity of the core and radius ratio on laminar heat transfer in a concentric annular duct with a moving boundary. The solution is based on coordinate transformation of the elliptic energy equation. The temperature distributions of non-Newtonian fluids for infinite extend (-∞ < z < ∞) were determined by solving the energy equation including the viscous dissipation term and the fluid axial heat conduction term subject to the constant wall temperature boundary condition. The effects of radius ratio, relative core velocity, flow index, dimensionless shear rate parameter, Brinkman number and Peclet number on the developing temperature distribution and Nusselt number at the walls are discussed