Resistance profile (first and second-line) for all MDR-TB cases (abbreviations: H = isoniazid, R = rifampicin, E = ethambutol, S = streptomycin, Z = pyrazinamide, Eto = ethionamide, Amk = amikacin, Km = kanamycin, Cm = capreomycin, Ofx = of

<p>Resistance profile (first and second-line) for all MDR-TB cases (abbreviations: H =  isoniazid, R =  rifampicin, E =  ethambutol, S =  streptomycin, Z =  pyrazinamide, Eto  =  ethionamide, Amk  =  amikacin, Km  =  kanamycin, Cm  =  capreomycin, Ofx  =  ofloxacin).</p

Univariate and multivariate analyses to assess associations with rifampicin resistance among all, previously treated, and HIV positive culture positive TB cases.

<p>Univariate and multivariate analyses to assess associations with rifampicin resistance among all, previously treated, and HIV positive culture positive TB cases.</p

Prevalence of drug resistance using line probe assay (LPA) results, conventional culture-based DST and combined among new and previously treated culture-positive TB cases.

<p>Prevalence of drug resistance using line probe assay (LPA) results, conventional culture-based DST and combined among new and previously treated culture-positive TB cases.</p

Estimating the burden of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in Khayelitsha.

<p>Estimating the burden of rifampicin resistant tuberculosis in Khayelitsha.</p

Second-line resistance among strains not defined as MDR-TB.

<p>Second-line resistance among strains not defined as MDR-TB.</p

Proportion of HIV-infected and -uninfected participants initiating TB treatment by time to treatment initiation for both study arms, ITT analysis.

<p>Xpert: solid line; routine: dashed line. (A) HIV-infected individuals (<i>p</i><0.001); (B) HIV-uninfected individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.778).</p

TB treatment initiation, overall and by HIV status, in the Xpert and routine arms for both the ITT and per protocol analyses.

<p>TB treatment initiation, overall and by HIV status, in the Xpert and routine arms for both the ITT and per protocol analyses.</p

Clinical and demographic characteristics of participants by study arm for both the ITT and per protocol analyses.

<p>Clinical and demographic characteristics of participants by study arm for both the ITT and per protocol analyses.</p

Proportion of participants initiating TB treatment by time to TB treatment initiation for both study arms, ITT analysis (<i>p</i> = 0.0042).

<p>Xpert: solid line; routine: dashed line.</p

Microbiological results by study arm for both the ITT and per protocol analyses.

<p>Microbiological results by study arm for both the ITT and per protocol analyses.</p