Zdravstvene karakteristike starijeg stanovništva Srbije i korišćenje zdravstvene zaštite

The analysis of both survey and routine statistical data has shown that seniors most frequently have cardiovascular and muscle bone health problems. During one year they make approximately 10 visits, one third more then 5 visits, 20% makes 5 visits and 30% 2-3 visits, 30% of this population are hospital attendants.Sa starenjem dolazi do značajnih promena u zdravstvenom stanju i zdravstvenim potrebama. U cilju sagledavanja zdravstvenih karakteristika i obima korišćenja zdravstvene zaštite starih lica u Srbiji, analizirani su podaci anketnog istraživanja (2000. godine) slučajno izabrane 2.301 stare osobe u Srbiji, kao i podaci rutinske zdravstvene statistike (1991-1999. godina). Rezultati su pokazali da u morbidite tu starih osoba dominiraju kardiovaskularne bolesti i bolesti mišićnokoštanog sistema, zatim povrede, bronhitis i dijabetes melitus. Oni koriste oko 10 usluga godišnje po jednoj osobi, odnosno 30% koristi po 2-3 usluge, oko 20% po 5 usluga, a veći broj usluga koristi trećina starih lica. Bolničku zaštitu koristi oko 30% njih. Oni odlaze lekaru najčešće zbog bolesti i povreda (44%), kontrole (28%) i propisivanja lekova (18%). Znači, stare osobe znatno češće obolevaju i koriste zdravstvenu zaštitu, nego osobe od 19 do 64 godine

Antimikrobno dejstvo eteričnih ulja na oralne patogene

Periodontal disease and Dental caries associated with dental plaque are the most common bacterial diseases, but also, significant oral health problem is Candidiasis. Candida albicans, is an opportunistic pathogen that can, under certain conditions proliferate and cause infections. The need for prevention and alternative forms of treatment and products for oral diseases comes from the rise in disease incidence, increased resistance by pathogenic bacteria to currently used chemotherapeutics. The products derived from medicinal plants have proven to be a source of biologically active substances, and thanks to their active principles, products based on medical herbs are more prevalent in modern phytotherapy. Essential oils are complex natural mixtures of volatile secondary metabolites - aliphatic and aromatic, terpinen and phenyl- propane compounds isolated from plants. The main constituents of essential oils are terpenes and sesquiterpenes including carbohydrates, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes and ketones, which are responsible for the fragrant and biological properties of plants. Different oils produce various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancerogenic properties, but also oils are biocides. There are numerous in vitro studies that dealt with the research activities of natural herbal substances against oral bacteria that are known to be etiological factors in the development of oral and dental diseases. The phenolic major compounds of essential oils have been suggested to have a potential antifungal activity. There is ample of evidence that plant extracts and essential oils have the potential to be developed into agents that can be used as preventative or treatment therapies of oral diseases.Parodontopatija i dentalni karijes, čiji je nastanak povezan sa dentalnim plakom, predstavljaju najčešća bakterijska oboljenja. Takođe, značajni oralni zdravstveni problem predstavlja i kandidijaza. Candida albicans je oportunistički patogen koji pod pojedinim okolnostima može da proliferiše i uzrokuje infekciju. Potreba za prevencijom i alternativnim oblicima lečenja i produktima za oralna oboljenja proizilazi zbog povećanja učestalosti oboljenja i povećane rezistencije patogenih bakterija na primenu hemoterapeutika koji se trenutno upotrebljavaju. Dokazano je da su produkti dobijeni od lekovitog bilja izvor biološko aktivnih supstanci, a zahvaljujući svojim aktivnim principima, produkti na bazi lekovitog bilja zastupljeniji su u modernoj fitoterapiji. Eterična ulja su kompleksne prirodne mešavine isparljivih sekundarnih metabolita - alifatičnih i aromatičnih, terpenskih i fenil-propanskih jedinjenja izolovanih iz biljaka. Glavni sastojci etarskih ulja su terpeni i seskviterpeni, uključujući i ugljene hidrate, alkohol, etar, aldehide i ketone, koji su odgovorni za mirisna i biološka svojstva biljaka. Različita ulja imaju brojne farmakološke efekte, kao što su antiinflamatorno, antioksidativno i antikancerogeno dejstvo, ali su takođe i biocidi. Postoje brojne in vitro studije koje su se bavile istraživanjem aktivnosti prirodnih biljnih supstanci usmerenih na oralne bakterije za koje je poznato da su etiološki faktori u nastanku oralnih i dentalnih oboljenja. Navedeno je da glavne fenolne komponente eteričnih ulja imaju potencijalnu antigljivičnu aktivnost. Postoje brojni dokazi da biljni ekstrakti i eterična ulja imaju potencijal da se razviju u agense koji se mogu koristiti u preventivi ili u lečenju oralnih oboljenja

Dental health care for children with autism spectrum disorders

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are pervasive disorders beginning in early childhood. The prevalence of these disorders has been on the rise over the last few decades. A disorder of this kind does not have any direct impact on the oral health, but the behavior of the affected children can markedly deteriorate it. Due to a poor compliance to oral hygiene and maintenance of oral health, dental film accumulates in the oral cavity, leading to both caries and its complications, and gingival-periodontal diseases. A high percentage of children with ASD are not sufficiently compliant during dental interventions, being hyperactive, tense, and often highly agitated. Any dental intervention in such children is therefore very complicated or it cannot be performed at all, consequentially broadening the spectrum of indications for dental extractions. In order to preserve the oral health in children with ASD, an individualized approach to each patient is thus necessary. Conclusion: The journey to a healthy oral cavity and teeth in children with ASD is full of twists and turns, but the desired goals can be realized, although requiring considerable patience and perseverance from both the parents and pediatric dentists

Biomimetic tumor engineering to enhance drug discovery - BioengineeredTumor

Development of novel, effective, and safe anti-tumor drugs is still a slow and cumbersome process, which is often attributed to weaknesses of current preclinical assays and low correlation of the preclinical in vitro and in vivo data with the results obtained in clinical trials. Consequently, there is a clear need for development of more reliable in vitro three dimensional (3D) tumor models, which will capture key features of the in vivo tumor cell microenvironment and provide drug testing results relevant for human patients. The aim of the project “Biomimetic tumor engineering to enhance drug discovery – BioengineeredTumor” funded by the Science Fund of the Republic of Serbia is to develop 2 novel, simple and robust 3D models for cultures of carcinoma and osteosarcoma cells by applying systematic and integrated methodology to comprehensively define the key model components. In specific, the aim is to use different human and animal cancer cell lines in conjunction with alginate-based biomaterials as artificial extracellular matrices imitating tumor environments and to cultivate the obtained constructs in perfusion bioreactors providing enhanced transport of nutrients, gases and biochemical signals to the cells as well as adequate levels of hydrodynamic shear stresses. Thus, the strategic goal is to establish an adaptable platform suited to the use by scientists without technical expertise for long-term in vitro studies of cancer cells for applications in anti-cancer drug discovery and validation, development of personalized medical treatments, and cancer research

Periodontal medicine: The emergence of a new branch in periodontology

Introduction: Periodontal medicine is the emergence of a new branch of periodontology. Periodontal medicine is a term used for different purposes in different parts of the world. In certain countries, it relates to the study of the dynamic relationship between periodontal diseases and systemic conditions, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, preterm delivery low-birth-weight babies, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, and disorders of the respiratory tract. Such studies investigate the peripheral impacts of periodontal inflammation on systemic health. In other countries, 'periodontal medicine' is a term used to describe the periodontal (and gingival) manifestations of medical conditions. This includes their investigation, diagnosis and therapeutic management and how management of the oral condition integrates with the patient's medical management as part of a holistic approach within defined care pathways. Conclusion: The text is a comprehensive analysis of research on periodontal disease and its link to systemic conditions. The periodontal treatment may be important in terms of preventing a patient's overall health. Periodontologists emphasize that infections in the mouth can cause health problems in other parts of the body

Adaptable alginate-based microfibers for 3D in vitro cultures of cancer cells: an anticancer drug testing model

The slow advance in anticancer drug development can be attributed to the limitations of conventional models, predominantly monolayer cell (2D) cultures and animal models, which inadequately recapitulate the complex nature of human malignant tumors. Three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models are invaluable tools in drug screening; however, creating a universal model for all cancer types poses challenges due to the diverse nature of cancers. The aim of this work was to develop a single, versatile model using alginate microfibers to accommodate cultivation of various cancer cells

A 3D in vitro cell culture model based on perfused bone-like scaffolds for healthy and pathological bone research

Comprehensive research, particularly in evaluating drug efficacy, still heavily relies on the results obtained by the utilization of cell monolayers and animals. However, the inherent limitations of these models such as their physiological disparities from humans pose significant obstacles to acquiring reliable results thus impeding further scientific progression. To address this challenge, 3D in vitro cell culture models emerged as physiologically relevant models having the potential to enhance research and drug discovery. Our study aimed to develop a 3D in vitro cell culture model based on bone-like scaffolds in conjunction with a perfusion bioreactor (“3D Perfuse”, Innovation Center FTM, Belgrade, Serbia) for studying both physiological and pathological (i.e. tumors) bone conditions

Francuske relativne rečenice uvedene relativnom priloškom zamenicom ou i ekvivalenti u srpskom jeziku

(francuski) Dans le travail ci-présent nous avons procède a une analyse de valeurs des propositions subordonnées relatives introduites par le subordinant ou en francais employées dans deux romans francais des auteurs contemporains et de leurs équivalents en serbe. Notre analyse révèle que l'adverbe relatif ou au sens locatif ayant un antécédent en tant que subordinant d'une subordonnée relative a le plus souvent pour son équivalent de traduction en serbe le pronom relatif koji, -a, -e, accorde en genre et nombre avec son antécédent et précède ou non d'une préposition, qui est son équivalent sémantique serbe. Aux cas ou le ou a pour son antécédent adverbe la c'est l' adverbe conjonctif где, accompagne du corrélatif obligatoire en forme d'un adverbe de lieu, qui apparaît comme son équivalent de traduction. L'adverbe relatif ou au sens temporel ayant un antécédent en tant que subordinant d'une subordonnée relative a le plus souvent pour son équivalent de traduction en serbe l'adverbe conjonctif serbe када, tandis que le pronom relatif koji, -a, -e y apparaît beaucoup moins souvent

Biljana Čubrović: Fonološka struktura novijih francuskih pozajmljenica u savremenom engleskom jeziku, Philologia, Filološki fakultet, Beograd, 2005

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