Software Modules Clustering: An Effective Approach for Reusability

Software modules reusability may play an unbeatable role to increase the software productivity. Code clones can be used one of the parameter for cluster formation of software modules. Cluster analysis is a scheme used for cataloging of data in which data elements are screened into groups called clusters that represent collections of data elements that are based on dissimilarities or similarities. The clustering approach is an important tool in decision making and an effective creativity technique in generating ideas and obtaining solutions. Software development and maintenance are big challenges in the market for survival of a software industry. This research gives an idea of reducing development time and efforts using clone detection and clustering process. Different types of methods have been applied in this research such as Hierarchical Clustering (HC) and Non-Hierarchical Clustering (NHC) for software modules classification. We have proved how this research is useful in software development and maintenance. The experiments have been done using 13 C++ programs. Keywords: Lines of Code (LOC), Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm (HCA), Non-Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm (NHCA)  

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Science with the Murchison Widefield Array : Phase l results and Phase II opportunities

The Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) is an open access telescope dedicated to studying the low-frequency (80-300 MHz) southern sky. Since beginning operations in mid-2013, the MWA has opened a new observational window in the southern hemisphere enabling many science areas. The driving science objectives of the original design were to observe 21 cm radiation from the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR), explore the radio time domain, perform Galactic and extragalactic surveys, and monitor solar, heliospheric, and ionospheric phenomena. All together programs recorded 20 000 h producing 146 papers to date. In 2016, the telescope underwent a major upgrade resulting in alternating compact and extended configurations. Other upgrades, including digital back-ends and a rapid-response triggering system, have been developed since the original array was commissioned. In this paper, we review the major results from the prior operation of the MWA and then discuss the new science paths enabled by the improved capabilities. We group these science opportunities by the four original science themes but also include ideas for directions outside these categories