Numbers of ORFs identified in <i>A. deanei</i> and <i>S. culicis</i> and their symbionts, according to the mechanisms of DNA replication and repair, signal transduction, transcription and translation.

<p>Numbers of ORFs identified in <i>A. deanei</i> and <i>S. culicis</i> and their symbionts, according to the mechanisms of DNA replication and repair, signal transduction, transcription and translation.</p

Respiratory chain complexes identified in the predicted proteome of <i>A. deanei</i>, <i>S. culicis</i> and their respective endosymbionts.

*<p>The complex IV of the endosymbionts might be a cytochrome <i>d</i> ubiquinol oxidase identified in both organisms, instead a classical cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase.</p

Summary of the origin of ORFs found in <i>A. deanei</i> and <i>S. culicis.</i>

*<p>Number of genes with identity to Prokaryotes.</p>**<p>Number of genes with identity to Eukaryotes.</p>***<p>Ratio of the number of genes with identity to Prokaryotes/Eukaryotes.</p

Genome alignments.

<p>The figure shows the alignment of the <i>A. deanei</i> endosymbiont (Endo-<i>A. deanei</i>) and the <i>S. culicis</i> endosymbiont (Endo-<i>S. culicis</i>) (A); between Endo-<i>A. deanei</i> and <i>T. asinigenitalis</i> (B), <i>T. equigenitalis</i> (C), or <i>Wolbachia</i> (D); and between <i>Wolbachia</i> and <i>T. asinigenitalis</i> (E). Alignments were performed with the ACT program based on tblastx analyses. Red (direct similarity) and blue lines (indirect similarity) connect similar regions with at least 700 bp and a score cutoff of 700. The numbers on the right indicate the size of the entire sequence for each organism.</p

Purine production, acquisition, and utilization in <i>A. deanei</i> and <i>S. culicis.</i>

<p>The figure illustrates the production, acquisition and utilization of purines in the host trypanosomes considering the presence of endosymbiont enzymes. This model suggests that the trypanosomatid acquires purines from the symbiont, which synthesizes them <i>de novo</i>. Some ecto-localized proteins, such as apyrase (APY) and adenosine deaminase (ADA), could be responsible for the generation of extracellular nucleosides, nucleobases, and purines. Nucleobases and purines could be acquired by the parasite through membrane transporters (T) or diffusion and could be incorporated into DNA, RNA, and kDNA molecules after “purine salvage pathway” processing. Abbreviations: NTP (nucleoside tri-phosphate), NDP (nucleoside di-phosphate), NMP (nucleoside mono- phosphate), N (nucleobase), ADO (adenosine), INO (inosine).</p

Oxidative stress-related genes in the genomes of <i>A. deanei</i>, <i>S. culicis</i> and <i>L. major</i>.

<p>The figure shows the number of ORFs for the indicated enzymes for each species.</p

Kinase families identified in trypanosomatids.

<p>Kinase families identified in trypanosomatids.</p

Members of the Fts family and PBPs that are present in endosymbionts of <i>A. deanei</i> and <i>S. culicis</i>.

<p>nd: not determined.</p

Protein Reference Sequence-Guided Assembly data of <i>A. deanei</i> and <i>S. culicis</i> genomes.

<p>Protein Reference Sequence-Guided Assembly data of <i>A. deanei</i> and <i>S. culicis</i> genomes.</p

Phylogenetic of histones of <i>A. deanei, S. culicis,</i> and other trypanosomatids.

<p>Histone protein (panel A) and nucleotide (panel B) sequences were generated by MUSCLE tool using 10 iterations in the Geneious package <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0060209#pone.0060209-Drummond1" target="_blank">[120]</a>. Trees were constructed using the Geneious Tree Builder, by employing Jukes-Cantor genetic distance model with a neighbor-joining method and no out-groups. The consensus trees were generated from 100 bootstrap replicates of all detected histone genes, as shown below. Scale bars are indicated for each consensus tree. The trees in panel A are based in a collection of sequences of all trypanosomatids. The nucleotide sequences used for dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase are: <i>T. cruzi,</i> XM_810234; <i>T. brucei</i>, XM_841078; <i>T. vivax,</i> HE573023; <i>L. mexicana</i>, FR799559; <i>L. major</i>, XM_001680805; <i>L. infantum</i>, XM_001680805; and <i>C. fasciculata</i>, M22852.</p