STUDY CONCERNING THE PRODUCTION OF BIOMASS PROTEIN BY VALORISATION OF BY-PRODUCTS FROM THE DAIRY INDUSTRY ETUDE CONCERNANT L’OBTENTION DE BIOMASSE PROTEIQUE PAR VALORISATION DES SOUS-PRODUITS DE L’INDUSTRIE LAITIERE

The development of the food industry ensures the necessary protein for the population and in this perspective the valorisation of by-products from the dairy industry (whey and buttermilk) can be a solution in this direction. Whey is a very important substrate for the biosynthesis of single cell protein by its lactose content which is the main source of fermentable substrate for yeasts. As part of our research, the biomass protein was obtained using whey as source of lactose and other sugars and yeast strains of Candida utilis. The modelling program used is 2nd order system centred with three variables: amount of sugar, amount of nitrogen and quantity of phosphorus. The following parameters have been pursued: biomass content, yield of sugar consumption and protein content. The process conditions are influenced by the addition of different nutrients

Dipyridopyrazines et dihydrodipyridopyrazines (synthèse et fonctionnalisation)

Le cancer constitue l une des principales causes de mortalité, plus particulièrement dans l ensemble des pays développés, ce qui, de ce fait, représente aujourd hui un problème de santé publique majeur.L un des axes de recherche du Laboratoire porte sur la synthèse et l étude de la réactivité des hétérocycles azotés. Les systèmes comportant des entités azotées fusionnées à des noyaux pyridiniques sont habituellement dotés de propriétés pharmacologiques intéressantes.La synthèse de dihydrodipyridopyrazines, famille de composés polycycliques aromatiques possédant des propriétés anticancéreuses avérées, a déjà été réalisée au sein du Laboratoire.Dans la mesure où les dihydrodipyridopyrazines sont générées par une réaction arynique conduisant à un mélange d isomères et ce, avec un rendement global n excédant pas 50%, nous avons, au cours de cette thèse, mis au point une séquence univoque d accès à chacun de ces isomères. Après avoir envisagé un schéma mettant en œuvre des réactions de substitution nucléophile aromatique qui se sont, en fait, traduites par des substitutions d hydrogène, nous avons fait appel à des séquences organopalladiées suivies de cyclisation intramoléculaire.Une série de composés diversement substitués ont été ainsi synthétisés avec de bons rendements. La réactivité de ces dérivés via des réactions de métallation a également été explorée.ORLEANS-BU Sciences (452342104) / SudocSudocFranceF

CATECHOLAMINES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS SEPARATION ON A MIXED MODE COLUMN SEPARATION DE CATECHOLAMINES ET MOLECULES APPARENTEES SUR UNE COLONNE EN MODE MIXTE

The present paper presents the evaluation of a mixed mode column (reversed phase and cation exchange) performance for the separation of 12 catecholamines, indolamines and their precursors and metabolites. The influence of different parameters, like organic modifier nature and percentage, salts nature and percentage, on the compounds separation was investigated. Good separation of the 12 selected compounds was obtained in the isocratic mode using a mobile phase composed of 90 % methanol and 10% ammonium acetate 20 mM, however the analysis time was excessively long (80 minutes). Thus an elution gradient was optimized and it reduced the analysis time to less than half (35 minutes)

DIHYDRODIPYRIDOPYRAZINES: SYNTHESIS AND FUNCTIONALIZATION

Different conceptual synthetic approaches to the elaboration of a new family of planar polynuclear nitrogen containing aromatic heterocycles – the dihydrodipyridopyrazines – are reviewed: the arynic reaction, the sequence palladium coupling reaction - substitution - reduction - cyclization - substitution or through the intermediacy of Smiles rearrangement. Further functionalization of these compounds by substitution reaction, metalation sequence and palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction are also discussed

PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION AND ACCEPTABILITY OF SOME ARTISANAL MINT LIQUEURS

The medicinal herb Mentha piperita L. has been used for hundreds of years for its remarkable medicinal properties. Due to its composition rich in essential oil, terpenes, flavonoids etc., the peppermint is commonly used in various fields for obtaining cosmetics, medicines, and also in the food industry. The aim of the present study consisted in developing accessible recipes for preparation of artisanal dessert mint liqueurs by different extraction variants and determining their physicochemical and sensory analyses. Four types of mint liqueurs were prepared by maceration of peppermint leaves in alcohol, varying the extraction parameters: time, temperature or by changing the order of ingredients addition. For the obtained artisanal liqueurs samples the following physicochemical characteristics were determined: dry extract, alcoholic strength, soluble solids, total acidity, fixed acidity, volatile acidity, density, conductivity and refractive index. The samples prepared were organoleptically analyzed by a multi-sensory approach (appearance and clarity, color, odor and aroma, taste) using the scoring method and the results revealed that the artisanal liqueurs obtained are well accepted by the consumers

ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROBIOTA OF SOME MINERAL WATER FORM SLANIC MOLDOVA (ROMANIA): SEASONAL EVALUATION AND AFTER STORAGE IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS

The mineral waters that come from the springs in the area of Romanian mountain resort Slanic Moldova, heterogeneous from a physical-chemical point of view, are used for external or internal therapeutic purposes. A survey of the microbiological quality of mineral waters collected from 7 springs in Slanic Moldova was conducted concerning the seasonal quantitative variation of the total number of heterotrophic bacteria (HPC) and the evolution of some representative microbiological parameters (HPC, Clostridium perfringens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) in samples bottled and stored at (20 - 22 °C) or (4 °C). for a period of 1 - 360 days. All values for HPC determined at 22 °C were within the reference limits of 100 CFU·mL-1 for the investigated sources, in accordance with the requirements of EU and national regulations. At 37 °C, the HPC was within normal values (20 CFU/mL), for five (1 bis, 5, 10, 14 and 15) of the seven sources studied, both in the seasonal analysis and after bottling and storage in different conditions. Clostridium perfringens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not detected in all of the mineral water’s samples. Microbiological assessment and proper management of mineral water resources can lead to a good prediction of water quality and avoidance of health risks

EFFECTS OF HORMONES ADDITION FOR IN VITRO PLANT DEVELOPMENT OF CALENDULLA OFFICINALIS

The current study presented in vitro plant development of Calendula officinalis on MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium supplemented with different formula of hormones. The morphogenetic response was evaluated by recording the number of plantlets, the plant height and weight. The results showed that small amounts of hormones can improve the plantlets growth in the case of Calendula officinalis

Experimental Investigation of Stability of Vegetable Oils Used as Dielectric Fluids for Electrical Discharge Machining

One main drawback of electrical discharge machining (EDM) is related to the dielectric fluid, since it impacts both the environment and operator health and safety. To resolve these issues, recent research has demonstrated the technical feasibility and qualitative performance of vegetable oils as substitutes for hydrocarbon-based dielectric and synthetic oils in EDM. However, due to the higher content of unsaturated fatty acids, vegetable oils lose their stability, due to several factors such as heating or exposure to light or oxygen. The present study is a first attempt to analyze the extent to which the physic-chemical properties of vegetable oils change during EDM processing. Refractive index, dynamic viscosity and spectra analyses were conducted for sunflower and soybean oils. The results revealed that, under the applied processing conditions, no structural changes occurred. These findings are very promising from the perspective of EDM sustainability

Perspectives for Quality Evaluation of Some Mineral Waters from Slanic Moldova

In the present study, using a combination of several analytical techniques such as conductometry/total dissolved solids (TDS), pH-metry, ICP-MS and UV-Vis spectrometry, 38 parameters (Na, K, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, B, Li, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Ag, Cd, Ba, Pb, Be, V, Co, Ga, As, Rb, Cs, Hg, Tl, U, F−, Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, NO2−, HCO3−, CO2, electric conductivity (EC)/TDS and pH) for seven natural mineral waters (springs 1 bis, 5, 10, 14, 15, Sonda 2 and Sfantul Spiridon) from the Slanic Moldova area (Romania) were evaluated. Our data were compared with the historical chemical analyses records and also with the limits established by international and Romanian regulations for qualitative evaluation of natural mineral waters. In the case of the Evolution of the mineralization degree over time, it was observed that, in the interval 1933–2021, for all the studied sources, there were variations of mineralization that could be attributed to climatic and geological changes, mode of exploitation, as well as to analysis techniques used. Although decreases in mineralization were observed between 1981 and 2006 for water sources 1 bis, 10, 15 and S2, with a slight recovery and stability period between 2006 and 2021, they have retained their characteristics over time. Moreover, spring 14 retains its status as the most mineralized spring of the seven, although it also recorded a decrease in the mineralization degree between 2013 and 2018. Even if the concentration of major and minor ions showed some variation, highlighting the diversity of the water intakes and its changes over time for some of the springs, it is noticeable that these springs have kept their characteristics over time. It was identified that Sodium (Na+) was present in all natural mineral waters but predominated in sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfate. The concentration of potassium ion has shown a fairly significant fluctuation, in 2006 being registered the lowest values for most sources: 1 bis (88.00 mg/L), 5 (6.00 mg/L), 10 (81.00 mg/L), 14 (115.00 mg/L), 15 (45.20 mg/L), S2 (11.00 mg/L). By means of ICP-MS, trace elements that have never before been tested or reported were identified, thus completing the chemical fingerprint of these natural mineral waters to increase their value for routine or therapeutic uses or further sustainable exploitation

Perspectives for Quality Evaluation of Some Mineral Waters from Slanic Moldova

In the present study, using a combination of several analytical techniques such as conductometry/total dissolved solids (TDS), pH-metry, ICP-MS and UV-Vis spectrometry, 38 parameters (Na, K, Mg, Ca, Al, Fe, B, Li, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Sr, Ag, Cd, Ba, Pb, Be, V, Co, Ga, As, Rb, Cs, Hg, Tl, U, F−, Cl−, SO42−, NO3−, NO2−, HCO3−, CO2, electric conductivity (EC)/TDS and pH) for seven natural mineral waters (springs 1 bis, 5, 10, 14, 15, Sonda 2 and Sfantul Spiridon) from the Slanic Moldova area (Romania) were evaluated. Our data were compared with the historical chemical analyses records and also with the limits established by international and Romanian regulations for qualitative evaluation of natural mineral waters. In the case of the Evolution of the mineralization degree over time, it was observed that, in the interval 1933–2021, for all the studied sources, there were variations of mineralization that could be attributed to climatic and geological changes, mode of exploitation, as well as to analysis techniques used. Although decreases in mineralization were observed between 1981 and 2006 for water sources 1 bis, 10, 15 and S2, with a slight recovery and stability period between 2006 and 2021, they have retained their characteristics over time. Moreover, spring 14 retains its status as the most mineralized spring of the seven, although it also recorded a decrease in the mineralization degree between 2013 and 2018. Even if the concentration of major and minor ions showed some variation, highlighting the diversity of the water intakes and its changes over time for some of the springs, it is noticeable that these springs have kept their characteristics over time. It was identified that Sodium (Na+) was present in all natural mineral waters but predominated in sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate and sodium sulfate. The concentration of potassium ion has shown a fairly significant fluctuation, in 2006 being registered the lowest values for most sources: 1 bis (88.00 mg/L), 5 (6.00 mg/L), 10 (81.00 mg/L), 14 (115.00 mg/L), 15 (45.20 mg/L), S2 (11.00 mg/L). By means of ICP-MS, trace elements that have never before been tested or reported were identified, thus completing the chemical fingerprint of these natural mineral waters to increase their value for routine or therapeutic uses or further sustainable exploitation