Surgical Management of Common Bile Duct Stones: Cholecystectomy, Choledochotomy, and Bilio-digestive Anastomosis

Common bile duct stones (CBDS) pose a significant challenge in terms of treatment options. The choice of surgical technique should ensure effective clearance of the duct, minimize the risk of residual or recurrent stones, and minimize complications. This article explores the surgical management of CBDS, including cholecystectomy, choledochotomy with biliary drainage, and bilio-digestive anastomosis

Simultaneous Sigmoid volvulus and duodenal perforation, a case report

Le volvulus du côlon sigmoïde (VS) est une urgence chirurgicale fréquente de diagnostic facile basée sur la présentation clinique et induite par la radiologie. La complication la plus redoutable est la colique nécrose. La présence d'une autre lésion digestive synchrone est exceptionnelle et mérite une enquête étiologique approfondie. Dans cet article, nous allons reporter un cas clinique d'un VS associé à une perforation duodénale.the sigmoid volvulus is a common surgical emergency with easy diagnosis based on clinical presentation and guided by radiology. The most formidable complication is colonic necrosis. The presence of another synchronous digestive lesion is exceptional and deserves a thorough etiological investigation. In this paper we will report a clinical case of a VS associated with a duodenal perforation

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Update and Therapeutic Strategies

AbstractGastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GISTs) represent a significant clinical challenge due to their resistance to conventional chemotherapy. This study aims to provide an update on the clinical, morphological, pathological, and therapeutic aspects of GISTs treated at our institution over an 11-year period. We highlight the efficacy of Imatinib as a targeted therapy and emphasize the importance of complete surgical resection. Additionally, we present a case of concomitant gastric adenocarcinoma and duodenal GIST, underscoring the need for comprehensive clinical evaluation in these cases

OTU deubiquitinases reveal mechanisms of linkage specificity and enable ubiquitin chain restriction analysis

Sixteen ovarian tumor (OTU) family deubiquitinases (DUBs) exist in humans, and most members regulate cell-signaling cascades. Several OTU DUBs were reported to be ubiquitin (Ub) chain linkage specific, but comprehensive analyses are missing, and the underlying mechanisms of linkage specificity are unclear. Using Ub chains of all eight linkage types, we reveal that most human OTU enzymes are linkage specific, preferring one, two, or a defined subset of linkage types, including unstudied atypical Ub chains. Biochemical analysis and five crystal structures of OTU DUBs with or without Ub substrates reveal four mechanisms of linkage specificity. Additional Ub-binding domains, the ubiquitinated sequence in the substrate, and defined S1’ and S2 Ub-binding sites on the OTU domain enable OTU DUBs to distinguish linkage types. We introduce Ub chain restriction analysis, in which OTU DUBs are used as restriction enzymes to reveal linkage type and the relative abundance of Ub chains on substrates

La diversidad oculta en las identificaciones basadas en la morfología de especies invasoras de amplia distribución: El caso de la bien conocida hidromedusa Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester 1880

A relatively scarce number of morphological features available for delimiting closely related species and an increasingly worrisome scenario on Global Climate Change causing the rapid dispersion of invasive alien species can lead to the rapid spread of reports of a given species around the world. Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester, 1880 is considered the most widespread freshwater jellyfish species and has been reported in numerous locations on all continents except Antarctica. Recently, a few medusae attributed to C. sowerbii were collected from a water reservoir (Bin El Ouidan) in Morocco, this being the first confirmed record of the species from North Africa. The morphology of these newly collected specimens agrees well with previous descriptions, but mitochondrial (Cox1 and 16S) and nuclear ITS (ITS1–5,8S–ITS2) molecular data lead to a discussion of a more complex general view concerning the number of species, synonyms and nomenclatural problems hidden behind the reports of Craspedacusta sowerbii

Screening of DUB activity and specificity by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

Deubiquitylases (DUBs) are key regulators of the ubiquitin system which cleave ubiquitin moieties from proteins and polyubiquitin chains. Several DUBs have been implicated in various diseases and are attractive drug targets. We have developed a sensitive and fast assay to quantify in vitro DUB enzyme activity using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Unlike other current assays, this method uses unmodified substrates, such as diubiquitin topoisomers. By analyzing 42 human DUBs against all diubiquitin topoisomers we provide an extensive characterization of DUB activity and specificity. Our results confirm the high specificity of many members of the OTU and JAMM DUB families and highlight that all USPs tested display low linkage selectivity. We also demonstrate that this assay can be deployed to assess the potency and specificity of DUB inhibitors by profiling 11 compounds against a panel of 32 DUBs