Chaos and a Resonance Mechanism for Structure Formation in Inflationary Models

We exhibit a resonance mechanism of amplification of density perturbations in inflationary mo-dels, using a minimal set of ingredients (an effective cosmological constant, a scalar field minimally coupled to the gravitational field and matter), common to most models in the literature of inflation. This mechanism is based on the structure of homoclinic cylinders, emanating from an unstable periodic orbit in the neighborhood of a saddle-center critical point, present in the phase space of the model. The cylindrical structure induces oscillatory motions of the scales of the universe whenever the orbit visits the neighborhood of the saddle-center, before the universe enters a period of exponential expansion. The oscillations of the scale functions produce, by a resonance mechanism, the amplification of a selected wave number spectrum of density perturbations, and can explain the hierarchy of scales observed in the actual universe. The transversal crossings of the homoclinic cylinders induce chaos in the dynamics of the model, a fact intimately connected to the resonance mechanism occuring immediately before the exit to inflation.Comment: 4 pages. This essay received an Honorable Mention from the Gravity Research Foundation, 1998-Ed. To appear in Mod. Phys. Lett.

Enfezamentos em milho: expressão de sintomas foliares, detecção dos molicutes e interações com genótipos.

Com o objetivo de verificar a multiplicacao, expressao de sintomas foliares e efeito dos molicutes na producao de diferentes genotipos de milho, fitoplasma e Spiroplasma kunkelii foram inoculados, isolada ou simultaneamente, em cinco cultivares, mantidas em vasos ate a producao. Plantas sadias de todas as cultivares foram utilizadas como controle. Em cada vaso, foram cultivadas duas plantas, sendo uma utilizada para a deteccao dos molicutes na ultima folha completamente expandida, aos 30, 60 e 100 dias apos a inoculacao. A outra planta foi utilizada para deteccao dos molicutes nas folhas inferiores, medianas e apicais, aos 100 dias apos a inoculacao. O percentual de reducao causado pelos molicutes na altura e na producao de graos foi determinado nas duas plantas, em relacao as plantas sadias. A expressao de sintomas foliares e os resultados positivos obtidos na deteccao dos molicutes foram mais evidentes aos 100 dias apos a inoculacao. O periodo de enchimento de graos foi considerado a fase mais adequada para a deteccao desses patogenos. Os molicutes foram detectados nas folhas inferiores, medianas e apicais, observando-se maior frequencia nas folhas apicais. Verificou-se predominancia de infeccao por espiroplasma e maior efeito detrimental desse patogeno no crescimento e producao das plantas em relacao ao fitoplasma. Nao foi detectado efeito sinergistico significativo dos dois molicutes sobre o crescimento e producao das plantas. Observou-se que o efeito prejudicial desses patogenos sobre o crescimento e producao das cultivares foi determinado pela frequencia de plantas infectadas

The mechanism for the electrooxidation of procarbazine pharmaceutical preparation in alkaline media and its mathematical description

The mechanism for the electrooxidation of procarbazine in alkaline media has been proposed. The process is realized completely on the electrode surface and is adsorption-controlled. The oscillatory behavior in this case is more probable, than for neutral media and may be caused by influences of electrochemical oxidation and salt dissolution from the electrode surface

Enfezamentos, viroses e insetos vetores em milho: identificação e controle.

bitstream/CNPMS/16180/1/Circ_26.pd

Ocorrência de espécies de Potyvirus em milho, no Brasil.

xEdição do XXXI Congresso Paulista de Fitopatologia, Campinas, 2008

The dynamics of apparent horizons in Robinson-Trautman spacetimes

We present an alternative scheme of finding apparent horizons based on spectral methods applied to Robinson-Trautman spacetimes. We have considered distinct initial data such as representing the spheroids of matter and the head-on collision of two non-rotating black holes. The evolution of the apparent horizon is presented. We have obtained in some cases a mass gap between the final Bondi and apparent horizon masses, whose implications were briefly commented in the light of the thermodynamics of black holes.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure