Aberrant Expression of TFF1, TFF2, and PDX1 and Their Diagnostic Value in Lobular Endocervical Glandular Hyperplasia

Lobular endocervical glandular hyperplasia (LEGH) is a distinct benign glandular lesion expressing gastric gland mucous cell-type mucin (N-acetylglucosaminal -> 4galactose -> R [GlcNAc alpha 1 -> 4Gal -> R]). To investigate histogenesis and diagnostic markers of LEGH, we examined the immunohistochemical expression profile of gastric surface mucous cell (MUC5AC and TFF1), gastric gland mucous cell (MUC6, TFF2, and GlcNAc alpha 1 -> 4Gal -> R), gastric pyloric epithelial cell (PDX1), and endocervical cell (keratan sulfate) markers in normal endocervix samples and benign glandular lesions (nabothian cysts, tunnel clusters, and LEGHs). MUC5AC and MUC6 were expressed in normal endocervical mucosa and benign glandular lesions. TFF1, TFF2, GlcNAc alpha 1 -> 4Gal -> R, and PDX1 were expressed only in LEGH. Keratan sulfate was expressed in normal endocervical mucosa and benign glandular lesions. In LEGH, gastric surface mucous cell and gastric gland mucous cell differentiation were demonstrated, and transdifferentiation from endocervical mucosa into gastric pyloric mucosa was suggested. In addition to GlcNAc alpha 1 -> 4Gal -> R, TFF1, TFF2, and PDX1 are additional useful markers for LEGH.ArticleAMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY. 135(2):253-261 (2011)journal articl

Quantitative Aspects of Communicative Impairment Ascertained in a Large National Survey of Japanese Children

The Japanese version of the Children’s Communication Checklist-2 (CCC-2) was rated by caregivers in a large national population sample of 22,871 children aged 3–15 years. The General Communication Composite (GCC) of the CCC-2 exhibited a distribution with a single-factor structure. The GCC distribution between autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and language impairment (LI) groups in the general population fit inside a bell curve with significant overlap with the general population, and a continuum was evident between groups. No evidence of a natural cutoff that would differentiate categorically affected from unaffected children was seen. The Social Interaction Deviance Composite (SIDC) supported the notion that ASD and LI are on the opposite endpoints of a SIDC continuum of communication impairment. © 2017 Springer Science+Business Media, LLCEmbargo Period 12 month

Artificially Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Surgical Subjects: Its Implications in Clinical and Basic Cancer Research

BACKGROUND: Surgical samples have long been used as important subjects for cancer research. In accordance with an increase of neoadjuvant therapy, biopsy samples have recently become imperative for cancer transcriptome. On the other hand, both biopsy and surgical samples are available for expression profiling for predicting clinical outcome by adjuvant therapy; however, it is still unclear whether surgical sample expression profiles are useful for prediction via biopsy samples, because little has been done about comparative gene expression profiling between the two kinds of samples. METHODOLOGY AND FINDINGS: A total of 166 samples (77 biopsy and 89 surgical) of normal and malignant lesions of the esophagus were analyzed by microarrays. Gene expression profiles were compared between biopsy and surgical samples. Artificially induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (aiEMT) was found in the surgical samples, and also occurred in mouse esophageal epithelial cell layers under an ischemic condition. Identification of clinically significant subgroups was thought to be disrupted by the disorder of the expression profile through this aiEMT. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE: This study will evoke the fundamental misinterpretation including underestimation of the prognostic evaluation power of markers by overestimation of EMT IN past cancer research, and will furnish some advice for the near future as follows: 1) Understanding how long the tissues were under an ischemic condition. 2) Prevalence of biopsy samples for in vivo expression profiling with low biases on basic and clinical research. 3) Checking cancer cell contents and normal- or necrotic-tissue contamination in biopsy samples for prevalence

Role of hepatic lipase in intermediate-density lipoprotein and small, dense low-density lipoprotein formation in hemodialysis patients

Role of hepatic lipase in intermediate-density lipoprotein and small, dense low-density lipoprotein formation in hemodialysis patients.BackgroundIt has been reported that remnant lipoproteins and small, dense low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To determine whether these risk factors are present in hemodialysis (HD) patients who are suffering from a high incidence of atherosclerotic vascular disease, we measured concentrations of remnant lipoproteins and LDL particle diameter in HD patients and compared these with controls. We also measured lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic triglyceride lipase (HTGL) that play important roles in the generation of remnant lipoproteins and small, dense LDL, and we correlated these changes with plasma lipoprotein abnormalities in HD patients.MethodsLipoproteins were separated by ultracentrifugation. Apoprotein B in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) fractions were measured by a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. The average LDL particle diameter was measured by gradient gel electrophoresis.ResultsPlasma triglyceride, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations were comparable between HD patients and controls, whereas LDL cholesterol was significantly lower in HD patients. The average LDL particle diameter was not significantly different between HD patients and controls. LDL particle diameter was inversely related to plasma triglyceride concentrations in all of the subjects. VLDL triglyceride, VLDL cholesterol, and VLDL apoprotein B were comparable between HD patients and controls. IDL triglyceride, IDL cholesterol, and IDL apoprotein B concentrations were all significantly increased in HD patients compared with those in controls. LPL mass was not altered, but HTGL activity was significantly decreased in HD patients. The HTGL activity was inversely related to IDL concentrations.ConclusionsThese results suggest that a prominent characteristic of lipoprotein abnormalities in HD patients is a marked increase in IDL particle number. In addition, small, dense LDL is not associated with uremic dyslipidemia. Because HTGLs promote the conversion from IDL to LDL and the generation of lipid-poor LDL, a decrease in HTGL activity may contribute to the accumulation of IDL particle and may prevent small, dense LDL formation in HD patients

On Low Profile Load Cells

1971年9月にヘーグ市で開かれた力と重力の測定に関する研究集会の空気などにっいて述べ，そこで報告した筆者らの背たけの低い荷重計に関する論文の内容について解説する