Renal function status of Nigerian patients infected with Hepatitis B virus

In Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. It has also been implicated in a variety of renal diseases. This relationship was investigated in hepatitis B virus patients in Nigeria where the infection is highly endemic. Fifty hepatitis B positive patients (aged 27.3 ± 7.5 years) and 50 control subjects (aged 25.1 ± 3.6 years) were recruited in this study. Random blood sample was drawn from all subjects. Serum electrolyte, urea and creatinine were measured using standard laboratory methods. Serum potassium concentration was higher (5.16 ± 2.30, p<0.05) in hepatitis B carriers compared to controls (4.25 ± 0.5). There was an inverse correlation between bicarbonate and chloride (r = -0.67, p<0.01) in HBV patients. Results from this study showed a possible relationship between hepatitis B infection and insufficient renal function.KEYWORDS: Hepatitis B virus, renal disease, electrolyte

AIDS knowledge, attitude and behavioural patterns among high school students in southwestern Nigeria

An evaluation of knowledge, attitude and behavioural patterns of high school students in Oyo and Osun States, Southwestern Nigeria, towards HIV/AIDS was undertaken. A structured questionnaire was administered to respondents from six secondary schools that were selected by systematic random sampling method from the two States. The questionnaire focused on specific aspects of knowledge, attitude and behavioural patterns related to HIV/AIDS, its mode of transmission and preventive measures. Results from the study showed that 362 (73%) of the 496 respondents had correct knowledge of the causative agent of AIDS, 69% had correct knowledge of the mode of transmission, 83.2% had correct knowledge of the people at risk and 80.2% had good knowledge of methods of prevention. Attitude toward AIDS victims was however relatively poor with 21% believing that AIDS patients should be isolated and avoided and additional 7% believing that people should not eat or share utensils with AIDS patients. Only 57.7% believed that people should relate freely with AIDS patients. This study showed an improvement in the knowledge and attitude towards HIV/AIDS over a previous one carried out over a decade ago in the same locality, highlighting the importance of mass media campaign programme embarked upon by the States over the years. However, there is need to further increase the awareness campaign especially as it relates to attitude towards AIDS patients and also on information dissemination, which should be more detailed and formal. Incorporating sex education into the curriculum of secondary schools will be a welcome development in stemming the tide of this dreaded disease.Keywords: knowledge, attitude, sexual behaviour, HIV, AIDS African Journal of Clinical and Experimental Microbiology Vol. 6 (3) 2005: 247-25