Disorders Of Sexual Preference Among Secondary School Teachers In Ilorin, Nigeria

Background: In Nigeria, there is a dearth of data on Disorders of Sexual Preference (DSP), which is due to the unwillingness by most people to volunteer information on such issues. In spite of this, anecdotal evidence suggests strongly that DSP exist in Nigeria. Aims and objectives: This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and pattern of DSP in a sample of teachers in Ilorin, Nigeria. Method: Using a stratified random sampling method, all eligible and consenting respondents were interviewed. A pilot-tested, self-administered questionnaire containing items on sociodemographic and clinical variables and the General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30) were used for the interview. Results: From a sampling frame of 2,176 teachers, 450 teachers were interviewed but only 408 responses were analyzable. Eighty-nine respondents had ICD-10 compatible DSP giving a combined prevalence rate of 21.8%. The commonest disorder was voyeurism (9.6%) while the least common were paedophilia (0.98%), and exhibitionism (0.74%). Generally, DSP were significantly associated with increased age, male gender, and psychiatric caseness (GHQ score of 4 and above). Conclusion: DSP may not be as rare in Nigeria as currently perceived. Efforts should therefore be made to increase their level of recognition by the public and medical personnel and to encourage those affected to access available help in appropriate treatment facilities. Keywords: Sexual Preference, Disorders, Secondary School Teachers, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Psychiatry Vol. 6 (1) 2008: pp. 26-3

Effect Of The Extracts Of Musanga Cecropioidis Budsheath On The Contractility Of The Rat Uterus

The effect of the water, ethanol and chloroform extracts of the stipular Budsheath of Musanga cecropiodis (cecropiaceae) on the contractility of the isolated uterine rings was investigated. Water extract of Musanga cecropioidis did not show any effect on the contractility of the uterus. However, the ethanol solution of the ethanolic extract significantly reduced and even completely abolished the contractile responses induced by either oxytocin, acetylcholine or serotonin. The ethanol solution of the chloroform extract also caused inhibition of the contraction induced by oxytocin but the effect was not as marked as that of the ethanol solution of the ethanolic extract. Nigerian Quarterly Journal of Hospital Medicine Vol.9, No.3 (1999) pp. 241-24

Prevalence and Correlates of Distruptive Behaviour Disorders in Youths in a Juvenile Borstal Institution

Background: Health care in juvenile justice system has been considered inadequate. Youths with disruptive behaviour disorder have an increased risk of causing problems within families, schools and communities. This poses a challenge for the juvenile system and after release, the public mental health system. Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence and correlates of disruptive behaviour disorder in a Borstal institution. Method: The study was a crosssectional, descriptive report of 53 youths at the Borstal Institution in Ilorin, Kwara State. They were interviewed using MINI-KID. Results: The mean age was 17.3 ± 2.1 years, 52.8% were between 11-14 years of age and 15.1%, 64.2% and 60.4% had ADHD, CD and oppositional defiant behaviour disorder respectively. Age and parents’ marital status were significant correlates. Conclusion: This study showed that juvenile detainees were likely to have psychiatric disorders, among which are the disruptive behaviour disorders. Recommended is collaboration between mental health professionals and the Juvenile system.Keywords:- Disruptive Behavioural disorder, Correlates Juvenile offenders, Inmates, Borstal institution

Prevalence and Correlates of Dementia and Depression in Geriatric Patients Admitted into Non-psychiatric wards of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin

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Attitudes of Medical Students to Psychiatry in a Nigerian University

Background:Despite advances made in the understanding of psychiatricillness and its treatment, there is still a wide spread negative attitude topsychiatry. Medical students being part of the public also hold negative attitude to psychiatry. This negative attitude may influence their choice of psychiatry as a future career. The aim of this study was to examine medical students' attitude towards psychiatry at the beginning and end of clinical clerkship posting and to assess whether the clerkship posting influenced the likelihood of taking psychiatry as a future career.Methods: The ATP-30 questionnaire was administered to medical studentsin a University in the North-Central Nigeria at the beginning and end ofclinical clerkship in psychiatry. Results: There was a fairly positive attitude to psychiatry at the beginningand end of the posting (mean ATP scores were 91.8 ± 7.6 and 92.5 ± 8.5respectively). There was no statistically significant difference in ATPscore after the posting. Only about 16% of the students would like tobecome psychiatrists at beginning of posting and this increased to onlyabout 20% after the posting despite having a positive attitude topsychiatrists and psychiatric treatments.Conclusion: Medical schools need to improve the quality of the psychatricposting so as to impact positively on the attitude of students

Predictors of Menopausal Symptoms Severity among Women in Ilorin, Nigeria

Many factors affect the way women perceive menopausal symptoms but these factors have not been adequately studied in our locality. The aim of this study was to identify clinical, psychological, social and demographic factors that predict menopausal symptoms severity among women in Ilorin, Nigeria. Three hundred and eighty-five women between the ages 40 and 55years who had been amenorrheic naturally for at least 12 months were randomly interviewed with standardized questionnaires containing, socio-demographic data, medical history, gynaecological history and psychosocial evaluation. Their menopause symptom severity was assessed using the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS). Analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22. Correlation between MRS scores and numeric variables were tested using Pearson’s correlation coefficients while chi square statistics was used to test association between categorical variables and severe menopause. Regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors. Joint pain was the most severe symptom perceived followed by low libido and hot flushes. The mean total MRS Score was 14.02 showing a generally mild perception. While 15.1% were categorized as “asymptomatic”, 40% had severe symptoms while the others had mild to moderate symptoms. Menopause severity was strongly associated positively with age, negatively with psychosocial factors such as childhood experience, family support, societal support, health care, food, transportation among others. Socio-economic status, educational status and presence of co-morbid conditions like diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure as well as use of contraceptives also had significant impact. However, the only independent predictors were old age and lack of social support Keywords:     Menopausal symptoms, Women, Predictors, Severity, Nigeri

Risk Factors and Sero-Prevalence of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen among Blood Donors in University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria

Background: Availability of safe blood and blood products for transfusion is increasingly difficult globally, especially in developing countries because of high prevalence of Transfusion Transmissible Infections.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of HBsAg among blood donors and to evaluate the socio-economic, demographic and medical factors associated with its infection.Design: A prospective study.Subjects: Three hundred and fifty consecutive blood donors were recruited. 2 ml of venous blood was collected aseptically from the ante-cubital vein and subjected to serological test for HBsAg.Results: High prevalence rate 10.9% was recorded. All the donors reactive to HBsAg were males (38,100%) with a mean age of 30.7±8.02 years, while 55.3%, 44.7%, 5.3%, 42%, 47.4%, 5.3% of them were single, married, primary school graduate, secondary school graduate, tertiary school graduate and illiterate respectively with 36.8%, 23.7%, 39.5% and 0% been unemployed, civil servants/professionals, skilled artisans andbusiness/petty traders. The most common risk factor was multiple sexual partners 55.3%, followed by extra marital affairs 13.2%, tattooing 10.5%, previous blood transfusion 5.2%, previous surgery 2.6% and sex trading 2.6%.Conclusion: Active public enlightenment programmes and strict blood donation selection criteria need to be put in place in order to provide safe blood and blood products for transfusion