Legal Lapses in the Form of Retrospective Application of an Aggravating Law for Ongoing Criminal Offenses

The article proves, that the panel of judges of the Second Judicial Chamber of the Criminal Court of Cassation of the Supreme Court in the decision of November 11, 2021 in case No. 220/1260/20 in violation of the requirements of Part 1 and Part 3 of Art. 3 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine recognized as a source of criminal legislation not specified norms of the code about «the time (period) of committing a criminal offense, but its own “invention” in the form of a kind of “cannabis theory about the day of commission of an ongoing criminal offense in the sense of the entire period of its commission”, considering, however, such only the day of the end of drug storage. Due to this, in violation of Part 2 of Art. 3, Part 1, 2, 3 of Art. 8, Part 3 of Art. 22, Part 1 of Art. 58, Part 3 of Art. 62 and others. of the Constitution of Ukraine, Part 2 of Art. 5 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, Part 4 of Art. 17 of the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, the position of the widely recognized British lawyer A.V. Dicey, paragraphs 44-51 and paragraph 52 of the report of the Venice Commission “Rule of Law”, Part 1 of Art. 7 of the Convention on the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms; established judicial practice: numerous decisions of the European Court of Human Rights, the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, the Criminal Court of Cassation and other courts of Cassation, the judges of this collegium, legally incompetent, retrospectively extended the effect of the aggravating law to the entire period of possession by the defendant in his home of a particularly dangerous drug - cannabis, in the absence in the case of evidence, and that with the entry into force of the new aggravating law, the defendant's intention to continue the already renewed criminal status changed accordingly. In the presence of this kind of evidence, it would be possible to talk about the emergence of grounds for substantiating such a new category of the general part of the Anticriminal Branch of Law, as an ongoing continuing criminal offense consisting of two or more identical episodes based on anticriminal laws of different degrees of severity, united by one purpose in the form of direct or indirect intention. At the same time, actually on the basis of the indicated legally incompetent decision of the Cassation Court, the chairman of the Dobrovelichkiv district court of the Kirovohrad region with the surname I.P. Master indicative of the judicial situation under analysis under similar circumstances, with a change in the legislation, decide the same decision in the case of committing an ongoing criminal offense of voluntarily leaving a military unit or place of service, committed under martial law

The Effect of Contact Angle on Dynamics of Dry Spots Spreading in a Horizontal Layer of Liquid at Local Heating

The effect of equilibrium contact angle on dynamics of dry spot spreading at disruption of a horizontal water layer heated locally from the substrate was studied using the high-speed Schlieren technique. Different methods of working surface processing were applied; this allowed variations of the equilibrium contact angle from 27±6° to 74±9° without a change in thermal properties of the system. It is found out that substrate wettability significantly affects the propagation velocity of dry spot and its final size. It is also found out that the velocity of contact line propagation is higher in the areas of substrate with a higher temperature

The dynamic of aterosclerosis affection on brachio-cefalic arterys of the high risk patients under the hypolipidemic treatment

Purpose. To study the statin influence on lipid exchange and the degree of the brachiocefalic arterys alteration. Methods. The research included 33 high risk patients. The patients inverstigation included lipid spectrum, blood coagulation indexes, by the means of triplex scanning of the brachiochefalic arterys the thickness of the intima - media complex and the expression of stenosis of carotid, vertebral and subclavian arterys were measured. Results. All the patients were divided into the groups according to the total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Patients were divided into subgroups according to the expression of stenosis. The 1 group of patients received rosuvastating 10 mg, the 2 group - atorvastain 20 mg, 3the 3 group - simvastatin 40 mg. This inverstigation shows that the high risk patients with high levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoproteins have the highest expressiveness of brachiocefalic arterys atherosclerosis affection. Conclusion. The assignment of the statins to these patients is accompanied by the lowering of the levels of total cholesterol and low density lipoproteins and the quantity of arteries affected by the atherosclerosis and also by decreasing of the stenosis expressio

Evaluation of gas industry competitiveness in the foreign market

The evaluation of the Russian oil and gas companies’ competitiveness in the foreign market under the tough market conditions is of particular importance as it is crucial to retain company’s current position and market share. The article makes qualitative and quantitative evaluation of Russian companies in the global gas market. To analyze the competitiveness of the gas industry company in the foreign market, the authors used a dynamic method of evaluating competitiveness coupled with a SWOT analysis. The dynamic evaluation method offers an opportunity to identify the basic factors that influenced the level of competitiveness of the entity under study and, accordingly, determine the main reserves for increasing its competitiveness. Based on the study conducted, recommendations were made on the increase in competitiveness in the current situation of unstable demand and volatile energy prices. By analyzing the PJSC Gazprom level of competitiveness, as well as its external and internal environment, indicators were identified the regulation of which will lead to the progressive development of the organization and increase in its competitiveness. The practical relevance of the study lies in the possibility to use both the research outcome and the proposed methods in a development strategy for the gas industry company. © 2020, Econjournals. All rights reserved

Multifractal analysis of unstable financial time series

В работе проведено исследование мультифрактальных характеристик нестабильных финансовых временных рядов с помощью методов мультифрактального детрендированного флуктуационного анализа. Оценивание обобщенного показателя Хѐрста финансовых временных рядов до и после начала кризиса позволяет утверждать, что предкризисный период функционирования финансового рынка характеризуется узким диапазоном колебаний этого показателя, который существенно увеличивается после начала кризиса.У роботі проведено дослідження мультифрактальних характеристик нестабільних фінансових тимчасових рядів за допомогою методів мультифрактального детрендованного флуктуаційного аналізу. Оцінювання узагальненого показника Херста фінансових тимчасових рядів до і після початку кризи дозволяє стверджувати, що передкризовий період функціонування фінансового ринку характеризується вузьким діапазоном коливань цього показника, який істотно збільшується після початку кризи.Research of multifractal descriptions of unstable financial temporal rows is in-process conducted by the methods of multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis. The evaluation of the generalized Kherstindex of financial temporal rows before and after beginning of crisis allows to assert that the before crisis period of functioning of financial market is characterized the narrow range of vibrations of this index which is substantially increased after the beginning of crisis

EFFECTIVENESS AND SAFETY OF FAVIPIRAVIR INFUSION IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH COVID-19 [ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ И БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ ИНФУЗИОННОГО ВВЕДЕНИЯ ФАВИПИРАВИРА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ, ГОСПИТАЛИЗИРОВАННЫХ С COVID-19]

Research in the development of new therapeutic agents with a wide spectrum of the antiviral activity and a low ability to develop resistance remains the main dimension in combating the global threat to public health. The need for a parenteral form of favipiravir was dictated by the necessity to increase the efficacy of therapy in COVID-19 inpatients. This dosage form has expanded the possibilities of drug therapy in the inpatients, for whom a therapeutic effect acceleration and a high safety profile of the drugs used are especially important. The aim of the article is the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a medicinal product containing favipiravir for the parenteral administration against the background of pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy, in comparison with standard therapy in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Materials and methods. An open, randomized, multicenter comparative study was conducted in 6 research centers in the Russian Federation to evaluate the efficacy and safety of favipiravir, a lyophilisate for the preparation of a concentrate for the infusion solution administrated to the patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Screening procedures and randomization were completed in 217 patients, 209 of which had completed the study in accordance with the protocol. Results. Between the study groups, statistically significant differences have been found out, making it possible to consider the hypothesis of the drug Areplivir (favipiravir) superiority for the parenteral administration over the standard therapy, which included favipiravir (p. o.) and remdesivir. A comparative analysis has shown that a course of therapy with the parenteral favipiravir drug leads to a significant improvement in the condition of patients with COVID-19, significant benefits in terms of the speed and frequency of improvement in the clinical status of patients, as well as a reduction in the hospital stay length. It has been proven that therapy with a drug containing favipiravir for the parenteral administration does not adversely affect the parameters of clinical and biochemical blood tests, urinalysis, coagulograms, vital signs and ECG, which indicates the therapy safety. The study drug is characterized by a high safety profile and tolerability. Conclusion. The versatility and resistance to mutations of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase make it possible to consider it as the main target for combating the most common RNA viruses that cause ARVI, that determines the need further studies of favipiravir to expand the range of its indications. © 2022 Volgograd State Medical University, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute. All rights reserved

Salicaceae-Feeding Leaf-Mining Insects in Siberia: Distribution, Trophic Specialization, and Pest Status

International audienceThis paper provides an overview of the leaf-mining insect community feeding on willows (Salix spp.) and poplars (Populus spp.) in Siberia. According to published data and our own observations, 50 leaf-mining insect species (i.e., 24 species of Lepidoptera, 15 Coleoptera, 6 Diptera, and 5 Hymenoptera) feed on those two plant genera in Siberia. Using an integrative approach combining field work, morphological and DNA barcoding analyses, we identified 32 leaf-mining insect species from 14 regions across Siberia (i.e. 64% of all leaf-mining species known on Salicaceae in this part of Russia). Among them, 26 species most often found in parks and botanical gardens, represented new faunistic records for several poorly explored regions of Siberia. We have more than doubled the list of Salicaceae-feeding leaf-mining insects in Tomsk oblast, Altai krai, and the Republic of Tuva, and for the first time provided data on leaf-miners for the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. The micromoth Phyllocnistis gracilistylella (Gracillariidae), recently described from Japan, was found on a new host plant (Salix caprea) in the south of Krasnoyarsk krai, is new for Russia. Eight leafmining insect species (i.e., five gracillariids: Phyllocnistis labyrinthella, Ph. unipunctella, Phyllonorycter apparella, Ph. sagitella, and Ph. populifoliella; two beetles: Zeugophora scutellaris and Isochnus sequensi; and one sawfly: Heterarthrus ochropoda) can outbreak on poplars, most often in urban plantations, botanical gardens, and plant nurseries in Siberia, and can also affect natural stands. Forty-five species of 50 leaf-mining insects known to feed on willow and poplar in Siberia also occur in Central and Eastern Europe. The remaining five species (Phyllocnistis gracilistylella, Phyllonorycter sibirica, Heterarthrus fasciatus, Tachyerges dauricus, and Isochnus arcticus) are recorded in Asia only. Species richness of the family Gracillariidae, the most diverse on Salicaceae in Siberia, displays 80% similarity to that in the European part of Russia and 71% to the Russian Far East. We discuss the faunal similarity of these regions and highlight the importance of applying an integrative approach combining ecological, morphological analyses, and DNA barcoding to explore and characterize the insect fauna of poorly studied regions of Asian part of Russia

Comorbidities Coma Scale (CoCoS): Linguistic and Cultural Adaptation of the Russian-Language Version

Identification of complications and control of comorbidities are essential in monitoring the patients with chronic disorders of consciousness and predicting their outcomes. The researchers of the Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences of the University of L'Aquila (Italy) developed the Comorbidities Coma Scale (CoCoS) for a comprehensive assessment of such patients. Lack of an officially validated version of the scale hampers its use in Russia, while using versions which have not been completely validated prevents clinicians from obtaining reliable results when examining patients with chronic disorders of consciousness. Aim. To develop the official Russian language version of the Comorbidities Coma Scale, considering various linguistic and cultural parameters, as a part of the 1st stage of the validation study. Material and methods. The first stage of validation was completed: direct and reverse translation of the scale was performed by two independent medical translators. The translated version was assessed by an expert board including an expert translator, neurologists, and critical care specialists. Pilot test and two meetings of the expert board, before and after testing, were arranged to assess the results and approve the final Russian version of the scale. Results. During the first meeting of the expert board, corrections were made in the Russian language version of the scale in terms of language and cultural adaptation. Pilot testing was carried out based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The researchers had no difficulties in understanding and interpreting the instructions for the scale. The second meeting of the expert board was held thereupon, and the final version of the Russian language version of the scale was adopted, which is available on the website of the Center for Validation of Health Status Questionnaires and Scales of the Research Center of Neurology. Conclusion. The first stage of validation, i. e., linguistic and cultural adaptation, was carried out at the Research Center of Neurology (Moscow, Russia). For the first time, the Russian version of the scale for assessing comorbidities in patients with chronic disorders of consciousness was presented and approved for the practical use. The future publications will address the psychometric results of the scale such as sensitivity, validity, reliability. © 2022, V.A. Negovsky Research Institute of General Reanimatology. All rights reserved