Analyse du risque posé en santé animale par la présence de l'hydroxyméthylfurfural dans les sirops de nourrissement des abeilles domestiques

This paper discusses an incident that occurred in Belgium during winter 2009-2010, after which many honey bee colonies have been lost. Later analyses showed that these colonies had been fed during the winter with a inverted sugar syrup from sugar beet which had a high concentration of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). HMF concentrations ranged from 18.8 ppm to 365.6 ppm. Data from the scientific literature are quite limited, but several authors confirm the harmful effect of HMF on honey bee health. Other elements, however, may have played a role in this apparent mortality such as crystallization of syrups, resulting in unavailability of sugar for the honey bees, and thus the death of them from starvation. Pending the acquisition of new scientific knowledge on the subject, it is recommended to follow good beekeeping practices detailed in this article to minimize the formation of HMF in syrups for honey bee feeding. In addition, a draft action limit corresponding to a maximal concentration of 40 ppm of HMF is proposed in order to control the risk at the producer and distributor of syrups for honey bee feeding level

Les compositions d'Osbert de Clare en l'honneur de sainte Anne

Wilmart O. S. B. André. Les compositions d'Osbert de Clare en l'honneur de sainte Anne. In: Annales de Bretagne. Tome 37, numéro 1-2, 1925. pp. 1-33

Alain Le Roux et Alain Le Noir, Comtes de Bretagne

Wilmart O. S. B. André. Alain Le Roux et Alain Le Noir, Comtes de Bretagne. In: Annales de Bretagne. Tome 38, numéro 3, 1928. pp. 576-602

Stakeholders’ perceptions, attitudes and practices towards risk prevention in the food chain

An online survey was conducted to describe stakeholders' perceptions, attitudes and practices towards risk prevention in the food chain and to explore if common features could be extracted from different fields of competency or groups of stakeholders. Out of 80 participants, 60% believed that pathogenic microorganisms were the main hazard to prevent. Twenty-four percent perceived climate change as the main risk factor. Seventy-three percent believed that hazards in the food chain are preventable and they often showed a positive attitude towards risk prevention measures. The opinion of 75% of stakeholders was that prevention measures should be compulsory and under the shared responsibility of both food business operators and competent authority. Seventy-five percent of the respondents had recent experience with particular hazards and declared to have undertaken risk reduction measures. Incentives to implement measures were policy obligation and public health consequences whereas barriers were budgetary reasons and doubts about their effectiveness. However, there was not always a complete agreement between the perceived usefulness of risk prevention measures and their effective implementation, and conversely. No significant difference could be observed in the perceptions, attitudes and practices towards risk prevention between neither groups of stakeholders nor their fields of competency. The results are important for improving the risk communication process because the same issues can be emphasized when promoting risk prevention in the food chain regardless of the type of food sectors and the groups of stakeholders

The Rogaland intrusive massifs: eastern part

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Residues in beeswax: a health risk for the consumer of honey and beeswax ?

A scenario analysis in regard to the risk of chronic exposure of consumers to residues through the consumption of contaminated honey and beeswax was conducted. Twenty-two plant protection products and veterinary substances of which residues have already been detected in beeswax in Europe were selected. The potential chronic exposure was assessed by applying a worst-case scenario based on the addition of a “maximum” daily intake through the consumption of honey and beeswax to the theoretical maximum daily intake through other foodstuffs. For each residue, the total exposure was finally compared to the acceptable daily intake. It is concluded that the food consumption of honey and beeswax contaminated with these residues considered separately does not compromise the consumer’s health, provided proposed action limits are met. In regard to residues of flumethrin in honey and in beeswax, “zero tolerance” should be applied

Intake of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol through beer consumption in Belgium

À1 bw day À1 when the 97.5th percentile level was considered. As for the DON intake, the estimates were quite low for both conventional and organic beer consumers when the provisional maximum TDI (PMTDI) of 1 mg kg À1 bw was considered. Average consumption of organic beer led to daily intakes of 0.05 and 0.04 mg DON kg À1 bw in 2003 and 2004, respectively, whilst for conventional beer, daily intakes were 0.07 and 0.05 mg DON kg À1 bw. At the 97.5th percentile level of beer consumption, daily intakes of 0.15 and 0.13 mg kg À1 bw were obtained for organic beers against 0.23 and 0.17 mg kg À1 bw for conventional ones. The results showed that beer could be an important contributor to OTA exposure in Belgium, even though a declining trend seems to be apparent during the last year of monitoring. Therefore, efforts should be devoted to maintain the OTA levels as low as reasonably achievable, especially for organic beer